Bab 5.10 PENGHASILAN SABUN.pptx

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Sains Tingkatan 5 KSSM

Science

RED LITMUS PAPER  BLUE LITMUS PAPER
红色石蕊试纸 蓝色石蕊试纸

• Sabun yang merupakan garam asid lemak 脂肪酸 dihasilkan melalui tindak
balas antara minyak sawit dengan alkali 碱 pekat 浓 (larutan natrium
hidroksida pekat atau larutan kalium hidroksida pekat) seperti persamaan
perkataan yang berikut:
甘油

KOMPONEN MOLEKUL SABUN DAN TINDAKAN
PENCUCIAN SABUN
肥皂的分子成分和肥皂的洗涤作用
Komponen Molekul Sabun 肥皂的分子成分
• Molekul sabun terdiri daripada dua bahagian, iaitu:
(a) bahagian ‘kepala’ atau hidrofilik 亲水, iaitu bahagian yang dapat melarut di
dalam air 溶于水, yang terdiri daripada kumpulan ionic离子基团.
(b) bahagian ‘ekor’ atau hidrofobik 疏水, iaitu bahagian yang tidak dapat
melarut dalam air 不溶于水 tetapi dapat melarut dalam minyak atau gris润滑脂.
Bahagian ini yang terdiri daripada rantai hidrokarbon 烃链.

KOMPONEN MOLEKUL SABUN
肥皂的分子成分
亲水疏水
溶于水溶于油脂

TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN肥皂清
洗动作
• Tindakan pencucian sabun adalah seperti yang berikut:
(a) apabila sabun melarut di dalam air, tegangan permukaan air 水的表面张
力akan dikurangkan 被减少. Oleh itu, permukaan kain dibasahi 被弄
湿oleh air sabun secara menyeluruh 完全.

TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN肥皂
清洗动作
(b) bahagian ekor molekul sabun yang hidrofobik 疏水 akan melarut dan melekat
粘 dalam kotoran bergris 有油渍的污垢 pada permukaan kain manakala
bahagian hidrofilik 亲水 melarut di dalam air.

(c) tindakan menggosok擦 atau memberus kain刷布 akan menanggalkan 弄脱kotoran
bergris daripada permukaan kain untuk menjadi titisan gris油脂滴 yang dikelilingi
被包围 oleh molekul sabun dan terampai 浮 di dalam air sabun.
TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN肥
皂清洗动作

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Bab 5.10 PENGHASILAN SABUN.pptx

1. PENGHASILAN SABUN 肥皂生产

3. RED LITMUS PAPER  BLUE LITMUS PAPER 红色石蕊试纸 蓝色石蕊试纸

4. • Sabun yang merupakan garam asid lemak 脂肪酸 dihasilkan melalui tindak balas antara minyak sawit dengan alkali 碱 pekat 浓 (larutan natrium hidroksida pekat atau larutan kalium hidroksida pekat) seperti persamaan perkataan yang berikut: 甘油

7. KOMPONEN MOLEKUL SABUN DAN TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN 肥皂的分子成分和肥皂的洗涤作用 Komponen Molekul Sabun 肥皂的分子成分 • Molekul sabun terdiri daripada dua bahagian, iaitu: (a) bahagian ‘kepala’ atau hidrofilik 亲水, iaitu bahagian yang dapat melarut di dalam air 溶于水, yang terdiri daripada kumpulan ionic离子基团. (b) bahagian ‘ekor’ atau hidrofobik 疏水, iaitu bahagian yang tidak dapat melarut dalam air 不溶于水 tetapi dapat melarut dalam minyak atau gris润滑脂. Bahagian ini yang terdiri daripada rantai hidrokarbon 烃链.

8. KOMPONEN MOLEKUL SABUN 肥皂的分子成分亲水疏水溶于水溶于油脂

10. TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN肥皂清洗动作 • Tindakan pencucian sabun adalah seperti yang berikut: (a) apabila sabun melarut di dalam air, tegangan permukaan air 水的表面张力akan dikurangkan 被减少. Oleh itu, permukaan kain dibasahi 被弄湿oleh air sabun secara menyeluruh 完全.

11.

12.

13.

14. TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN肥皂清洗动作 (b) bahagian ekor molekul sabun yang hidrofobik 疏水 akan melarut dan melekat 粘 dalam kotoran bergris 有油渍的污垢 pada permukaan kain manakala bahagian hidrofilik 亲水 melarut di dalam air.

15. (c) tindakan menggosok擦 atau memberus kain刷布 akan menanggalkan 弄脱kotoran bergris daripada permukaan kain untuk menjadi titisan gris油脂滴 yang dikelilingi 被包围 oleh molekul sabun dan terampai 浮 di dalam air sabun. TINDAKAN PENCUCIAN SABUN肥皂清洗动作

Bab 5.10 PENGHASILAN SABUN.pptx

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