1. Open Access
International Tendences
Presentation at CAAS AII, Beijing, China 2012-09-25
Dr. Johannes Keizer
Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Presentations by Johannes Keizer is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

2. http://www.economist.com/node/21545974
“After all, publishers need academics more than
academics need publishers” (Economist)
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

3. Open Access: Why?
1. To maximise the uptake, usage, applications
and impact of the research output of your
university
2. To measure and reward the uptake, usage,
applications and impact of the research output
of your university (research metrics)
3. To collect, manage and showcase a
permanent record of the research output and
impact of your university
Slides for Promoting OA Mandates and Metrics by Stephen Hanard
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

4. CIARD MANIFESTO
http://www.ciard.net/ciard-manifesto
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer 4

5. Open Access to What?
ESSENTIAL: OPTIONAL:
(because these are not all author give-aways,
written only for usage and impact):
to all 2.5 million annual
research articles
Gray 2. 1. Books
Literature
Textbooks
3. Magazine articles
4. Newspaper articles
9. Data
published in all 25,000 5. Music
peer-reviewed journals 6. Video
7. Software
(and peer-reviewed 8. “Knowledge”
conferences)
(or because author’s choice to self-archive can
only be encouraged, not required in all cases):
in all scholarly and 9. Data
scientific disciplines, 10. Unrefereed Preprints
worldwide
Slides for Promoting OA Mandates and Metrics by Stephen Hanard
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

6. Impact
Text
Range = 36%-200%
(Data: Stevan Harnad and co-workers)
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

7. Lawrence (2001) findings for computer science conference papers. More OA every year
for all citation levels; higher with higher citation levels
Slides for Promoting OA Mandates and Metrics by Stephen Hanard
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

8. There are two ways to provide OA:
Green OA Self-Archiving: Authors self-archive the
articles they publish in the 25,000 peer-reviewed
journals
Gold OA Publishing: authors publish in one of the c.
3000 OA journals (some still recovering costs
through institutional subscriptions, others through
author/institutional publication charges)
http://www.doaj.org/
NB: This presentation is exclusively about providing Green OA, through
university policy reform (by mandating Green OA Self-Archiving).
It is not about Gold OA Publishing, which is in the hands of the
publishing community, not the university community.
(Green OA may or may not eventually lead to Gold OA, but it will lead
with certainty to OA.)
Slides for Promoting OA Mandates and Metrics by Stephen Hanard
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

9. What About Copyright?
Mandate ID/OA: Immediate Deposit, Optional Access:
All articles must be deposited immediately upon acceptance for publication.
Publishers have no say over institution-internal record-keeping.
Embargoed articles can
be made Closed Access
instead of Open Access.
63% of journals are Green
(already endorse
immediate OA)
ROMEO/EPRINTS (Directory of Journal Policies on author OA Self-Archiving):
http://romeo.eprints.org/
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

10. There are many
repositories
but few deposits
because deposit
mandates
700
600
500
400
are still few: 15% of annual Actual
documents
2.5 million articles
300
200
100 DEST
publications
0
Jun- Jul- Aug- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dec- Jan- Feb- Mar- Apr- May- Jun-
04 04 04 04 04 04 04 05 05 05 05 05 05
http://aims.fao.org Slides for Promoting OA Mandates and Metrics
johannes keizer

11. Author Surveys (Alma Swan)
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

12. Open Access Policy Mandates
http://aims.fao.org/advice/open-access/oa-institutional-mandates
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

13. http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

14. Case Studies - http://aims.fao.org/open-access/case-studies
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

15. Open Data Licensing
http://opendefinition.org/guide/data/
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16. ..newest developments
G20 MACS meeting
• Open access to scholarly publications and other
technical documentation,
• Access to germplasm collections,
• [Open access] to genomic and genetic data, as per
relevant international treaties and national
legislation,
• Improving Agricultural Innovation Systems, and
• Improving agricultural statistics.
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

17. European Union
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/psi/index_en.htm
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer 17

18. CHINA
1. The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) has been promoting open
access to scientific dada through the establishment of data centers/platforms in
various scientific areas, starting around 2005. Now 23 of such data
centers/platforms have been established, which provide open access to relevant
scientific data (http://www.escience.gov.cn/).
2. Agricultural Scientific Data Center (http://www.agridata.cn/) is one of the
above mentioned platforms. It started in 2005. Agricultural Information Institute of
CAAS is the coordinating organization for this platform under the guidance of the
National Science and Technology Infrastructure Center (NSTIC,
http://www.nstic.gov.cn). Now it contains more than 600 datasets in 12 agricultural
scientific domains such as crop science, animal science, and aquaculture science.
The data come mostly from public funded agricultural R&D projects, and they are
open to all.
3. At CAAS, a pilot trial has been initiated that all R&D projects funded by the
national government and conducted in the 11th Five Year Plan shall submit their
research results (mostly in the form of data and publications) to NSTIC to provide
open access to such research results. This policy will apply to all organizations
nationwide that has undertaken such projects.
4. In the 12th Five Year Plan, it would be foreseeable that all agricultural R&D
projects funded by the national government need to make their research findings
available for open access.
http://aims.fao.org johannes keizer

19. Thanks to my team an especially to
Imma Subirats for helping me
getting the materials on open
access
19