This is our project for Citizenship Stage 2 for the BB 48th Company. This slide show will let you know more about Starvation and how put a stop to it.

1. Starvation

2. Introduction to Starvation
Definition:
Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition. In
humans, prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage and eventually, death. The term
inanition refers to the symptoms and effects of starvation.
Effects of Starvation:
Loss of weight, low blood-sugar levels which will damage the pancreas, risk of hypotension, severe
muscle atrophy and dehydration.
Statistics:
805 million people in the world do not have enough to eat. This number is down more than 100
million over the last decade, and 209 million lower than in 1990–92.
Poor nutrition causes nearly half (45%) of deaths in children under five – 3.1 million children each
year.
Hunger kills more people each year than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined.

3. Introduction to Starvation
When does Starvation happen:
Starvation begins when an individual has lost about 30% of his normal body weight. Once the loss
reaches 40% death is almost inevitable. Catabolysis is the process of a body breaking down its own
muscles and other tissues in order to keep vital systems such as the nervous system and heart
muscle functioning.
Common causes of Starvation:
Vitamin deficiency is a common result of starvation, often leading to anemia, beriberi, pellagra, and
scurvy. These diseases collectively can also cause diarrhea, skin rashes, edema, and heart failure.
Individuals are often irritable and lethargic as a result. Early symptoms include impulsivity, irritability,
hyperactivity, and other symptoms.
How to prevent Starvation:
For the individual, prevention consists of ensuring they eat plenty of food, varied enough to provide a
nutritionally complete diet. Short of sitting in front of a potentially starving person and offering him or
her food, addressing societal mechanisms by which people are denied access to food is a more
complicated matter.

4. History of World Hunger
The cause of starvation is due to the policies and technologies such as increased food aid,
deregulated global trade in agricultural commodities, and more technological and genetic fixes. These
measures only strengthen the corporate status quo controlling the world's food. For this reason, thus
far, there has been little official leadership in the face of the crisis. Nor has there been any informed
public debate about the real reasons the numbers of hungry people are growing, or what we can do
about it.
However, the proportion of malnourished and of starving people in the world has been more or less
continually decreasing for at least several centuries.This is due to an increasing supply of food and to
overall gains in economic efficiency. In 40 years, the proportion of malnourished people in the
developing world has been more than halved. The proportion of starving people has decreased even
faster.

5. Impacts of World Hunger
Starvation and malnourishment can make a person weaker and more susceptible to diseases like
measles. Hence, starvation has caused millions of deaths per year.
Despite that Many organizations have been highly effective at reducing starvation in different regions.
Aid agencies give direct assistance to individuals, while political organizations pressure political
leaders to enact more macro-scale policies that will reduce famine and provide aid.
The world is producing enough food to feed everybody in the world but yet some still go to bed hungry.
This shows us the inefficiency of some governments in the world.

6. Sources
http://www.stophungernow.org/learn/hunger-facts/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starvation
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-22935692
http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/09/editorials/holt-gimenez.htm
Team name: Cheng Zhi Sheng, Aidan Ling, Xavier Ng, Wu Hao Cheng, Wong Shao Xuan