Rural development

1. POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN
RURAL INDIA
Done by:
Pratap BT18MEC146
Bhaskar BT18MEC147
Siril BT18CME094
Jayanth BT18CME093
Rohit BT17MEC025

2. INTRODUCTION
•In India, when we talk about the basic features of the rural poor,
the 2 main things that come to our mind are Poverty and
Unemployment.
•The problems of unemployment and poverty have always been
major obstacles to the economic development of India.
•According to CMIE there are about 53 million unemployed people
in India of which the majority hail from the rural sector.
•Also, there are about 80 million people living below poverty line.
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3. UNEMPLOYMENT IN RURAL INDIA
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Unemployment can be defined as a state of worklessness for a person who is fit and willing to
work at the current wage rate.
Economic growth of a country depends upon the skills of its people and the application of
knowledge, inherited or acquired by them.
India is an underdeveloped though a developing economy. The nature of unemployment,
therefore, sharply differs from the one that prevails in industrially advanced countries.
In India unemployment is mainly due to the shortage of capital, the poor exploitation of natural
resources and inadequate employment opportunities. That a large number of ruralites are forced
to remain jobless in the rural areas is true beyond dispute.

4. TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
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Open Unemployment
Disguised Unemployment
Educated rural Unemployment

5. POVERTY
• Rural poverty refers to poverty in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural
economy, and political systems that give rise to the poverty found there.
• It includes low incomes and the inability to acquire the basic goods and services
necessary for survival with dignity.
• Poverty also encompasses low levels of health and education, poor access to clean
water and sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack of voice, and insufficient
capacity and opportunity to better one's life
• In India, 21.9% of the population lives below the national poverty line in 2011.
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6. TYPES OF POVERTY
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Absolute
poverty
Relative
poverty
It refers to a set standard
which is consistent over
time and between countries.
Relative poverty views poverty
as socially defined and
dependent on social context.

7. RELATION BETWEEN UNEMPLOYMENT AND
POVERTY
Low
income(poverty)
Low saving
Low
investment
Low per
capita
capital
Low
productivity
Low
employment
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8. 8
Population
explosion
Pressure on
agricultural
land
Seasonal
nature of
agriculture
Vagaries of
monsoon
Sub
division
of land
CAUSES OF
POVERTY

9. Causes of
unemployment
Dominance
of
agriculture
Rapid
growth of
population
Immobility
of labour
Defects in
education

10. 10
• It is both due to the lack of
sufficient jobs and poor
schooling as well as the
mediocre quality of
education on offer at most
colleges.
• The educated are not
willing to join in low-grade
informal jobs,

11. CONSEQUENCES
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• Effect on Health(hunger,
malnutrition).
• Effects on Society.
• Effect on Economy.
POVERTY
• Wastage of human resources
• Increased pressure on land
and other natural resources
• Migration
• Effects social status and
mental health
UNEMPLOYMEN
T

12. RECENT TRENDS IN UNEMPLOYMENT RATES IN
INDIA

13. PROGRAMS INITIATED BY GOVT TO
ERADICATE POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT
IN RURAL INDIA
• Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)
• Jawahar Rozgar Yojana/Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana
• Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY)
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) 2005
• National Urban Livelihood Mission
• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY
• Skill development through Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes
(RSETIsPradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana- Gramin Awaas
• Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana.
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana

14. GANGADEVIPAL
LI - CASE
STUDY
• Gangadevipalli, Andhra Pradesh
• This village initially consisted of 256
households and was located in Warangal
district of Telangana.
• The most captivating thing about this case
study was that the whole village collectively
brought about a ban on the sale of alcohol in
the village, which astonishingly is unbroken till
date.
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15. 15
Pre-development
• The village lacked basic amenities like
water supply, sanitation, primary health and
education facilities.
• Children were made to drop out of school to
work on fields.
• It was remote and was cut off from gram
panchayat and majority of households were
financially weak.
Post-
development
• The village now has pucca houses,
good roads and sanitation, power
supply and full literacy among adults
under the age of 50.
• An RO plant has been installed due to
which all households have piped water
supply. They also have Television and
access to crop insurance.

16. PIPLANTRI -
CASE STUDY
• Piplantri, Rajasthan
• The case study of piplantri proves that for successful
development of rural areas, local self governance
always has the upper hand.
• Piplantri actually consists of 12 hamlets located in 7
villages all of which come under piplantri.
• 111 trees planted for every girl child born.
• There are about 1100 households and less than 15%
residents are BPL.
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• The village lacked basic amenities like
water supply, sanitation, primary health and
education facilities.
• Children were made to drop out of school to
work on fields.
• It was remote and was cut off from gram
panchayat and majority of households were
financially weak.
• The village now has piped water supply
to individual houses, street lighting and
good road network.
• There are 2 schools with full
complement of teachers and also
amenities like furniture, water and
sanitation.
• There are usually no dropouts until the
completion of 12th class.
Pre-development Post-
development

18. HIWARE BAZAR
- CASE STUDY
• Hiware bazar, Maharashtra
• One of the most dramatic development that happened
was to a village located in Ahmednagar district of
Maharashtra which is Hiware bazar.
• The current population of the village is around 1250.
• It is situated in a rain shadow region which means
there is very little rainfall annually and also uneven
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• There was extensive land degradation and acute
water shortage which led to agriculture being
less profitable compared to other such villages.
• There were 22 liquor shops situated in the
village and crime rates were high.
• There was a small school for primary education
with only 2 rooms and about 7km away from the
villagers’ residency.
• The average income has grown up 20
times since the development schemes
have begun.
• The land under irrigation almost tripled
and increased to 300 hectares.
• Milk production from cattle increased
exponentially from 150 litres per day to
3000 litres per day now.
Pre-development Post-
development

20. SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS
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• Education and training to help reduce structural unemployment.
• Geographical subsidies to encourage firms to invest in depressed areas.
• Undertaking public works and development projects.
• Investing in agricultural production.
• Poultry production for livelihood improvement and poverty alleviation.
• Controlling the growth of population.

21. CONCLUSION
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• Poverty is considered to be the greatest curse of a developing economy. It is the mother of
unemployment, tension, criminal urgency and disgrace in human life. It is true, that India not
being an exceptional nation, is also being considerably engulfed with these problems, and
thus special attention needs to be paid, in selection of appropriate measures to combat these
problems.
• So, as long as we have a double mind about what path of developmental style to adopt, we
will fail economically in our goals. It is not lack of resources or technical skills which are
hindrances in our development, it is lack of political policies.

22. THANK
YOU
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