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Martin Luther
1. Martin Luther
1 This paper examines Martin Luther's theology of the cross and discusses how it has impacted North American religious life.
Martin Luther's Theology of the Cross In Protestantism, there are two distinct guiding philosophies that are normally used as the foundation for the
teaching and worship of the church. These philosophies are the theology of glory and the theology of the cross. Which philosophy a church practices
is up to the individual church; however, it is rare, possibly even unheard of, for both philosophies to be utilized together in the same church. The
theology of glory and the theology of the cross are both so very different from one another, that to mix them would be a challenging enterprise. The
theology of the cross was...show more content...
Baptism is meant to give one spiritual power that one did not have before. The theology of the cross is quite different from the theology of glory. In
the theology of the cross, salvation is an ongoing process. There is no oneâtime trip to the cross under this theology. Instead, the preaching of sin and
grace and the law and the gospel is intended to continually convict one of sin and to lead to continual contrition for that sin; in addition, the words of
the gospel are intended to continually produce faith in the atoning work of Jesus Christ.6 Therefore, the theology of the cross is a neverâending
process, continually bringing a person to Christ over and over again through the continual reminder that one is a sinner and in need of the salvation that
Christ has to offer. Also, the theology of the cross defines repentance as contrition and faith, rather than contrition and human determination.7 Preaching
of the law in this theology is intended to produce contrition and sorrow over sin, while the preaching of the gospel is
6
7
Ibid. Ibid.
4 intended to produce faith in the redemption that Jesus Christ offers. Repentance for sins is therefore not a single act that a Christian performs one
time, but defines the totality of Christian life.8 The theology of the cross, unlike the theology of glory, never gets a person past the cross. The cross is
the destination, not a stopping point on the trip. The preaching of the law is not intended to provide
3. Martin Luther's Life and Teachings Essay
Martin Luther was a Christian theologian and an Augustinian monk. He was born on November 10, 1483 to Hans and Margaretha Luder in
Eisleben, Germany. The day after his birth he was baptised on the day of the St. Martin of Tours. Martin's father wanted more for his youngest son
so he did everything he could to get his son involved in the civil service and bring honor to their family. His father sent him to various schools in
Mansfeld, Magdeburg, and Eisenach. In 1501, at the age of seventeen, Martin entered the University of Erfurt. He received his bachelor's degree after
just one year of enrolling into the university, three years later he received his master's degree. Martin was enrolled in the law program at the university
but that all...show more content...
On October 19, 1512 he received a degree of Doctor of Theology from the University of Wittenburg. The demand for the study of academic degrees
and preparation for delivering lectures eventually drove Luther to study scriptures in much more depth. He immersed himself into the teachings of the
Scripture and the early church. In time words began to take other meanings. By his studying of the Scriptures and the Bible then convinced him that
the church had lost of the central truths that were laid out. Luther then started to believe and eventually taught that salvation was a gift of God's grace
which was received by trust and faith that God's promise to forgive sins for the sake of Christ's very death on the cross.
In 1517 on Halloween, Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the door of Wittenburg Church. His 95 Theses accused the Roman Catholic church of
being unorthodox. This act of rebellion is seen to some as the starting point of the Protestant Reformation. This action by Martin was in response to the
excesses and fraud of the Roman Catholic church and also to the selling of indulgences in return for forgiveness of one's sins. The selling of
indulgences was prohibited in Wittneburg by Prince Frederick III. Although the selling of indulgences was banned in Wittneburg many members of the
church
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4. Martin Luther Reflection
Many of the characters throughout Once Upon a Timepiece seem to make poor decisions that affect the lives of many people, and Luther believed
wholeheartedly that people should not feel they deserve go to hell. Someone like Abigail, who looked foolish at the end of her story, may realize
how inconsiderate and greedy she was being, but that does not mean she should feel that they need to punish herself or condemn herself to hell. In
Luther's case, he hated the idea of indulgences because he felt that people who actually do commit sin end up paying away the good work of the
Lord. But the indulgences meant that rather than beg for forgiveness and the mercy of God, "whoever has confessed and is contrite and puts alms in
the box, as his confessor counsels him, will have all of his sins forgiven" (Pettegree 68). Yet, it is also important to note that Luther did believe in
salvation, just simply as good deeds and prayers rather than money.
Martin Luther in his adolescence truly believed that he could not reach salvation or stand on good terms with God. The teachings of the Catholic Church
seemed to do no good for him, so he took it upon himself with the help of his father in Christ to study theology at the University of Wittenberg. By
studying and worshiping the scriptures themselves rather than the preaching of the church, he found himself at peace with God. Similar to Luther,
Conrad, whom wore the watch that read "may your brief candle shine brightly", realized in the first
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5. Martin Luther King jr. was one of the most influential persons of the 20th Century. He is the father of the modern civil rights movement, Dr. Martin
Luther King Jr., is recognized around the world as a symbol of freedom as well as peace. King practiced everything that he preached, he did not
preach or speak values that he himself did not follow. He established himself as a pastor that was not afraid of hard work, guiding the middleâclass
congregation to public service. For example, Peake, Thomas R. author of "Martin Luther King, Jr." states, "He encouraged his parishioners to help the
needy and to be active in organizations such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)". I think that kings
motivation...show more content...
He did not stop there with his progression of knowledge; he was a firm believer in the term "knowledge is power", which he demonstrated by
attending Boston University. While in Boston, King met Coretta Scott, a music student and native of Alabama. Despite there career incompatibility
as stated in the Peake's book "My Life With Martin Luther King, Jr.", "preparing for professions that at first seemed incompatible". According to
the "Martin Luther King Jr. Timeline." they were married in 1953 and had four children. In 1954 King accepted his first pastorate at the Dexter
Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. were he earned yet another degree, this one being a doctoral degree in systematic theology in
June of 1955 and was also the year King's first child is born, Yolanda Denise, in November of 1955. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. had a very motivated
love for expressing himself. This love originated from his upbringing in a religious home. Peake, Thomas R., author of "The Speeches Of Martin
Luther King, Jr." supports this idea by stating "Kings father, the Reverend Martin Luther King, Sr., was the pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church and a
seminal influence in shaping his
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6. Essay on Martin Luther Reformation
Martin Luther: Reformer
Martin Luther was born in Eisieben, Germany, on November 10,1483, St. Martin’s Day. He was the son of Has Luther, a coal miner, and
Margarethe. Martin’s parents were of the middle class and were unbending in their disciplinary acts. He attended the best schools in his
region but all of them held to the barbaric discipline system of the times. This had a big impact on Martin’s personality. But he did receive
some positive influence from his home environment. His parents were very pious people and brought him up to be one too. His parents also gave him a
strong sense of superstition. At the age of 14 Luther went to grammar school at Magdeburg. There he got attracted to the Church and...show more
content...
He always felt that he did not do enough to receive salvation. He felt unworthy of receiving salvation and this left him unsure of his afterlife. He
looked for ways to prove his worthiness to the Lord. He thought that no mere mortal could approach the majesty and holiness of God. There for he
thought one couldn’t obtain salvation from doing many good works, but rather through faith in the almighty. This revelation of
Luther’s gave him great relief. It told him that the God freely gives people his grace if only one has faith. So Luther stopped worrying
about doing penance for his sins. He came to an understanding of salvation called “justification by faith';. As he meditated on his new
philosophy he thought of all the ideas that would later pit him against the Catholic Church.
Luther was one of the greatest contributors of the Reformation. He posted his 95 theses on the Church door for the world to see. He was not afraid of
the Church and openly spoke out against its evils. He didn’t take back his word when it was certain he could die during his appearance
before the emperor at the Diet of Worms. He started Lutheranism and inspired others to speak out against the Church.
Bad Popes
Leo X
Pope Leo X was born in 1475 and died 1521. His birth name was Giovanni de’ Medici, a member of the powerful family de’
Medici. He was the son of Lorenzo de’ Medici. His father used the family
8. Essay on The Life of Martin Luther King Jr.
It changes the world one step at a time. He devoted his life to changing the world. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born to Alberta and Martin Luther
King. Alberta Williams King was born September 13, 1904 in Atlanta, Georgia. Martin Luther King, Sr. was born December 19, 1899 in
Stockbridge, Georgia. Martin's dad was a pastor at the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia. His mother was a school teacher. His siblings
were Christine King Farris born September 11, 1927, and Alfred Daniel Williams King born July 30, 1930. Martin was the middle child.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born January 15, 1929 in Atlanta ,Georgia. Martin was a very smart child. He skipped ninth and twelfth grade. He played
the violin and loved to practice...show more content...
He married Coretta Scott King. Together they had 4 children. Yolanda Denise King (1955
â2007) , Martin Luther King III (1957), Dexter Scott King
(1961) , and Bernice Albertine King (1963). King made Coretta become a house wife and limited her ability to be in the civil rights movement. (To the
right is Martin and his family.)
Martin had many accomplishments. King became famous for his speeches. He was know for his "I have a Dream" speech. In 1957 Martin was
elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. During 1957 and 1968, Martin traveled more than six million miles to speak to
people, over twentyâfive hundred times. ( To the left is a picture of MLK delivering his "I Have a Dream" speech.) He wrote five books and many
articles. "In these years, he led a massive protest in Birmingham, Alabama, that caught the attention of the entire world, providing what he called a
coalition of conscience." ("Martin Luther King Jr. â Biographical". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2013. Web. 2 Mar 2014.)
In 1962 during the Albany, Georgia movement, King was arrested and sent to jail on July 27. On April 12, King was arrested with Ralph Abernathy.
They were demonstrating without a permit. While in jail, MLK wrote his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail. Due to the Birmingham agreement on
May 10, the stores, restaurants, and schools were desegregated, and they were allowed to start hiring Blacks. On June 23, MLK led 125,000 people
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9. Martin Luther Argumentative Essay
Reshaping Reality Rotten. Exploitive. Faithless. The Roman Catholic church was seen as corrupt in the late fifteenth century.The populace struggled
with the brazen capitalistic Roman Papacy that didn't meet the needs of its congregation. The clergy's use of indulgences as a way to salvation lacked
the piety that disciples desired. Criticism of Catholicism did not cause sweeping changes in the sixteenth century; instead, the Protestant Reformation
occurred due to the confluence of events triggered by one priest, Martin Luther. (Schilling) Although some historians allege that Martin Luther's
theology was reactionary due to its roots in medieval Christianity, his beliefs that the hierarchy of the church was unnecessary and that salvation was
...show more content...
This fundamental difference from the Catholic dogma that one could buy salvation to Luther's new ideas as way to Heaven began to transform
many people's beliefs. Supporters of Luther adopted the concept of faith and knowledge of God as a way to repent their sins, and eventually, it
reshaped the Christian culture. As Luther personally struggled to be a "perfect" monk, he discovered that faith in the gospel was the only way to be
"made righteous by God"(roper 78). In response to his distress for his laity's desire to buy indulgences, Luther wrote the "95 Theses on the Power of
Indulgences." He knew he was attacking the pope and the values of the church, but records show that he felt "...not fully in control of his actions, but
handed over responsibility to a higher power"(84 roper). Cleary, Luther felt a spiritual connection with God and indulgences were in direct opposition
to faith. His revolutionary claims in the "95 Theses on the Power of Indulgences" caused a conflict that would eventually be known as the Protestant
Reformation. At the time Luther wrote the "95 Theses on the Power of Indulgences" he presumed that reforms could still be made by the Pope and the
church's hierarchy; however, after Luther received the papal bull excommunicating him, Luther's ideology became diametrically opposed to the pope
and the whole Roman Catholic structure (shilling 142). This break was a defining time
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10. Essay on Martin Luther
The year 1483 certainly was not the best of times and arguably not the worst of times but it was a notable time in that the birth of one Martin Luther
did occur and the reâbirth of Christendom was not far away. Eisleben, Germany is noted as the birthplace of young Martin Luther just ten days into
November. Germany at that time was a place of emperors, princes, princelings, nobles, lords and knights. A place once called the Holy Roman Empire
of the German Nation. A place that had no qualms with poverty or those who lived poverty's reality, thepeasants. One of the many odd things about
young Martin's Germany was the fact that the princes at that time were made up of archbishops and bishops who had been appointed by the pope (so
much for...show more content...
Now it was time to get down to the business of studying the law and, in that quest, he was caught in a storm near Stotternheim a village near Erfurt.
Luther had a great fear of storms, he believed storms came from the devil and good winds were sent by angels. So in his fright he cried out "Help,
St Anne I will become a monk". In those days a vow such as that was a huge commitment and to break it was a mortal sin. Upon celebrating at his
valedictory dinner at Erfurt he falsely prophesied, "Today you see me but nevermore." 1 He ignored the pleas of his classmates to continue studying
the law; he had a vow to keep.
Martin entered the Augustinian monastery at Erfurt, did his oneâyear trial period and made his final vow to renounce the world forever. This involved a
vow of poverty, chastity and obedience. When a monk took that vow, the belief was that he reverted back to the grace Adam had before the Fall, and
even though he'd fall again he'd have the monastic lifestyle to help keep him straight and pure for heaven. In April 1507, at twentyâthree years of age,
Martin was ordained to the priesthood and was now authorized to administer the sacraments. The period that followed is known as Luther's "years of
silence." Martin did as asked and studied theology in an effort to become a professor at one of the many new universities being staffed by monks. He
attained his bachelor degree in theology in 1509, a year after moving to the University of Wittenberg where
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11. Luther, By Martin Luther
Martin Luther, born in 1483, grew up in a devout Roman Catholic household, where the church stood at the center of his world. However, he
suffered at the hand of his parents' harsh criticism. His father had emerged from the feudal system into the new middle class as a successful
Coppersmith. His desire was for his son to also climb the social ladder. To assist with his son's success, Luther's father was a fierce judge of the
character of his son, and often punished him severely for his failures. From these experiences, Luther developed a low selfâesteem and fear of failure,
which encroached on every aspect of his life, including his theology. Luther's father sent him to the best schools in the area with the intention of his
son becoming a lawyer. Luther successfully obtained a bachelor's degree, followed by his master's degree. However, Luther did not become a
lawyer. At the age of 22, in the year 1505, Luther was a few weeks into his law school career. He was walking back to college from a brief visit home
when he was caught in a violent thunderstorm. A lightning bolt struck near him, and Luther, fearing for his life, prayed to Saint Anne, a patroness for
those in mortal peril and protector from thunderstorms, for intercession. He promised that if he survived the thunderstorm, he would become a monk.
Luther survived the storm and kept to his word. Two weeks after the storm, Luther joined a monastery, hoping to find "assurance of God's favor" in his
new home. Luther, along
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12. Essay On Martin Luther King Jr
What do you think convinced Martin Luther King into becoming the man he is known as today? There were many different reasons that made him
this way and I will explain them throughout this essay. First off Martin Luther King had good surroundings while growing up. Secondly, he was very
optimistic and he was a bright learner. Third of all, as he grew older he was noticing his surroundings more and more, this had given him the will to
speak up. Basically, this man was intelligent, optimistic, and courageous. In this time period, it was very hard to grow successful because of the
mistreatment going on. But, M.L.K was one of the very strong leaders who fought to change that. In my first paragraph, I will talk about how this man
was intelligent...show more content...
was very courageous but not through physical strength but through the power of his thoughts and words. In the story, it says " M.L. first planned to
become a doctor but decided he could help others better as a lawyer" This shows he had bravery because he was thinking of the goodwill of others
before his own even though he may be risking his own life. Next off in the text it states "He wanted to learn more, to deepen his understanding of
theology, and to prove himself at a white seminary" This was courageous because most White people back then differentiated AfricanâAmericans
because of their skin color. At a white school he would be treated very differently by not only the students but also the teachers, so that would take a
big leap of courage to do. Pursuing this further, in the text, it also states that ".....ready to take action against segregation, asked the scholarly,
softâspoken preacher to lead their protest." In this small portion of the text, the preacher is meant to be Martin Luther King. But this shows bravery
because, as we all know based on today's society, Martin Luther King had chosen to lead their protest. But having courage shaped him into a man who
had a strong and brave heart. That led him to fight for what he believed in. That brings me to my final ending paragraph. In conclusion, I would like to
say that there were definitely many different reasons shaping up Martin Luther King Jr. His surroundings
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13. Essay On Martin Luther King Assassination
(Rough Draft) Martin Luther King's Assassination Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee. His
assassination was a very heartbreaking topic. He was shot by James Earl Ray by a single rifle shot. Martin Luther King's Assassination was
unjustified. All Martin wanted was world peace. He wanted to stop racial inequality. Everyone knows this because of all the actions he has done. He
became a civil rights activist, and that brought a lot more of attention to the topic of discrimination & un equality. He was also a member of the
executive committee of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the leading organization of its kind in the nation. Both of
these claims show that he stood up for what he...show more content...
This goes back to paragraph 1, he stood up for what was right and what he believed in. He led the 1995 Montgomery Bus Boycott and he helped
organize the 1963 nonviolent protests in Birmingham. This both apply to a quote he said, "At the center of nonviolence, stands the principle of
love." (MLK 13) Both of these actions were nonviolent, and that's what Martin stood for. They weren't ment for harm, like a war would be. These
actions were ment for peace, and for a change to come in the world, for all the races of the world to be equal, and treated fairly. There was a
downside to all of this though. Many people agreed with Martin, while others didn't. Others didn't want a change like Martin did. Martin received
frequent death threats due to his prominence in the civil rights movement. Though blacks and whites alike mourned King's passing, the killing in some
ways served to widen the rift between black and white Americans, as many blacks saw King's assassination as a rejection of their vigorous pursuit of
equality through the nonviolent resistance he had championed. This showed that people were still not happy with what Martin
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14. Martin Luther And The Reformation Essay
The earliest most famous Protestant reformer, Martin Luther went to the school of Erfurt to study law in 1501, but he quickly became more interested
in theology. Luther was exposed to recent humanist writings and read extensively in classical Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. In 1505, he enrolled in an
Augustinian monastery. He spent a decade educating and preaching and visited Rome. The Reformation was a religious uprising in Europe in the 16th
century, prompted by dissatisfaction with the set Roman Catholic Church, which directed to the formulation of the Protestant branch of Christianity.
The Reformation, originated in the early 1500s by the German Martin Luther, who preached salvation by faith alone. Luther kept his faith under his hat
until 1517,...show more content...
This to continue a looser arrangement of independent churches under Cromwell cleared the way in 1660 to a restoration in the Church of England
(Spalding). Reformed Christians who could not accept this became persecuted Nonconformists. The Glorious Revolution of 1688â89, which dismissed
the Roman Catholic sovereign James II, presented English Presbyterians, Independents, and Baptists little toleration outside the organized church.
Many Presbyterian gatherings became Unitarian during the next century. In 1648 established the legitimacy of Reformed churches in German nations,
according to the pleasure of the ruling prince. By the end of the 17thâcentury, Reformed prayer in the Palatinate was banned. Therefore, many Revised
Christians immigrated to the Netherlands, America, and Prussia, where they established Reformed churches (Spalding). The Elector of
BrandenburgâPrussia switched to Calvinism in 1609. He and his successors allowed the existence of Reformed churches among foreigners and also
continued Reformed churches in areas that came under Prussian rule. Frederick William III of Prussia in 1817 proposed a union of Reformed and
Lutheran churches. The eminent Reformed theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher led representatives independence of this organization but shared with
them a matter for the loss of Reformed systems of selfâgovernment to
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15. Essay about Martin Luther
Martin Luther grew up in a time when there was basically one religion to look upon. Luther was born on November 10, 1483, in Eisleben, Germany.
He was raised Catholic by his family that was held together by his father, Hans. Hans was a miner, and he worked his way up to the middle class by
leasing mines and furnaces. With the money that he earned, he bought his family a house, and he became a wellârespected citizen of their new
hometown, Mansfeld. At seven years old, Martin began his schooling to fill his father's dream of becoming a lawyer. At school, he learned the basics
and was taught Latin. The students were not only to learn how to speak Latin, but they also had to speak the language at all times. At...show more
content...
By 1505, Luther had completed the Bachelor's program and received his Master's degree. He was on his way to becoming the lawyer that his father
had always dreamed of, until June 1505.
On his way back to the University after visiting his family, Martin was caught in a thunderstorm, and a flash of lightning hit him. In the open field
where he laid, he promised God he would join a religious order. When Martin's friends heard of his promise, they were shocked. His father was
angered that he had spent a large amount of money to send his son to school, and his son was not going to be able to support the family. Incidentally,
he would be one of the most influencial people in history.
As a friar, Martin went to theology school in Wittenburg. He earned the title of doctor of theology, and he was later hired as a professor at the
school. With his knowledge of the early church, Luther now questioned many of the church's actions. Priests would be paid to conduct masses to
pray for the dead whom were between the presence of Heaven and Hell. Martin found it unnecessary to crawl up the stairs of Scala Sancta, saying
the Lord's Prayer at each step, to save one's soul. The most disturbing practice of the church was the granting of indulgences. Priests would give a
piece of paper called an indulgence to anyone who could afford the price. The indulgence stated that one is pardoned for the sins committed in his or
her life. This was wrong according to
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16. Essay about Martin Luther's Impact on Germany
Martin Luther's Impact on Germany
Although we remember Luther as the 'great thinker who sparked the reformation with his revolutionary ideas', it would be unfair to not acknowledge
that Luther was the first to form these new ideas. Many attempts at reform had been attempted prior to Luther, led by heresies such as John Wycliffe,
John Hus et al. In fact, during the course of Christianity there has been resistance and dissent, attempts at reform. Fortunately for Luther, when he made
his idea and theses public, the German or rather Holy Roman Empire was in such a state that made conditions very well suited for the acceptance and
spread of his words. The conditions that I speak of can be mostly...show more content...
Luther's message was particularly successful in spreading and sustaining due to its flexibility. Luther purposeful made it so, adapting it to different
audiences. The finer points were understood by the literate types in the larger cities and the rural communities picked up on beneficial points to them
and the portrayal of a corrupt papacy. The agreement between the literate and illiterate shows just how flexible his message was.
Religion was the main subject of Luther's ideas and teachings, his disgust at indulgence selling sparking him of to try and start a reform. The
church and clergy were seen as being very corrupt at all levels, and were with held in little respect by many. Indulgences were sold to the laity,
denouncing their sins with a word from the pope. These were not cheap and not available to many save the rich who could afford them. This did not
please many, believing it was unfair that they would have to spend more time in purgatory just for being materially less well off. Much of the money
from indulgence selling went to Albert of Mainz, and was used to fuel yet more corruption, such as bribery prior elections and concubinage, breaking
the clergies rules of chastity. This corruption was widespread and present at all levels of the clergy,
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17. Argumentative Essay On Martin Luther King
"The time of justice has now come. I tell you that I believe sincerely that no force can hold it back. It is right in the eyes of man and God that it
should come. And when it does, I think that day will brighten the lives of every American (Johnson)." African Americans during this time period are
in the process of having their rights and equality. These individuals experienced hardships and obstacles which led up to this. They suffered in
different ways, additionally, some of them got killed. When Martin Luther King, the leader, stood up for what he believed in with a group of black
people right behind him, he was put in jail and got severely bruised. King did not stop fighting for these rights and equalities and even through thick and
...show more content...
Additionally, Birmingham and other southern urban areas had been the scenes of bombings coordinated at African Americans and social equality
nonconformists. "One of the tragedies of the struggle against racism is that up to now there has been no national organization which could speak
to the growing militancy of young black people in the urban ghetto (Carmichael)." One of the tragedies of the battle against bigotry is that up to
now there has been no national association which could address the developing militancy of youthful dark individuals in the urban ghetto. This
shows how even today things have curved in a good way because of leaders who stood ground and believed that this was not the right way.
Furthermore, Martin Luther King was the main leader who led these marches and was a man who wanted racism and being separated from
everyone else, gone. "At age 6, Martin Luther King Jr. was jarred when a parent of a white friend said the boys could no longer play together
because he was black. Another time, King's father, a minister, was driving a car when a white policeman pulled him over for no obvious reason.
Listen, boy, he began, only to be cut off when the Rev. King pointed to his son in the passenger seat. That is a boy. I am a man (Atkin)." Martin
Luther King Jr. was bumped when a parent of a white companion said the young men could never again play together on the grounds that he was dark.
Some other time,
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18. Essay on Martin Luther King as a Role Model
Martin Luther King as a Role Model Everyone has someone that they look up to. It may be a hero or a role model. Martin Luther King serves as a
role model for many African Americans because of his contributions and fight towards civil rights. King became very popular and touched the lives of
many. According to Robert A. Divine and other authors of America Past and Present, the arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a massive protest movement that
witnessed the emergence of Martin Luther King, Jr., as an eloquent new spokesman for African Americans. King led a prominent bus boycott in honor
of Mrs. Parks. The boycott successfully ended a...show more content...
On March 28, 1968, King led a march through Memphis, Tennessee, which, like all his marches, was intended to have been peaceful and nonâviolent.
But thanks to a gang called "The Invaders," the march disintegrated into rioting and looting. King barely escaped the March 28 event unharmed, and
swore to return to Memphis and "conduct this demonstration properly â with no violence." The date for the new march was set at April 4, 1968. This
time, King would not survive his fateful trip to Memphis. Additionally, local newspapers criticized King when he announced he was coming back to
Memphis for a second round. Among other comments, the local press criticized him for staying at a whiteâowned Holiday Inn, instead of the Motel
Lorraine, which was blackâowned. Hoping to avoid further antagonistic press in wake of the disastrous March 28 demonstration, King's camp
switched his accommodations to a room at the Motel Lorraine, where he died on April 4. From a security standpoint, changing King's lodging to this
particular motel was a bad mistake. The Motel Lorraine was located in a fairly seedy part of town. The day before King arrived, someone claiming to
be an advance security man dropped by the Lorraine Hotel and changed King's reservation from a groundâfloor room to a secondâfloor balcony room,
saying, "Dr. King always likes to
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19. Martin Luther Essay
Martin Luther
Martin Luther (November 10, 1483 â February 18, 1546) was a Christian theologian, Augustinian monk, professor, pastor, and church reformer whose
teachings inspired the Lutheran Reformation and deeply influenced the doctrines of Protestant and other Christian traditions. Luther began the
Protestant Reformation with the publication of his NinetyâFive Theses on October 31, 1517. In this publication, he attacked the Church's sale of
indulgences. He advocated a theology that rested on God's gracious activity in Jesus Christ, rather than in human works. Nearly all Protestants trace
their history back to Luther in one way or another. Luther's relationship to philosophy is complex and should not be judged only by his famous...show
more content...
In Rome, cardinals saw Luther's theses as an attack on papal authority. In 1518, at a meeting of the Augustinian Order in Heidelberg, Luther set out his
positions with even more precision. In the Heidelberg Disputation, we see the signs of a maturing in Luther's thought and new clarity surrounding his
theological perspectiveĐâthe Theology of the Cross.
After the Heidelberg meeting in October 1518, Luther was told to recant his positions by the Papal Legate, Thomas Cardinal Cajetan. Luther stated that
he could not recant. Unless his mistakes were pointed out to him by appeals to "scripture and right reason", he would not, in fact, he could not recant.
Luther's refusal to recant set in motion his ultimate excommunication.
Throughout 1519, Luther continued to lecture and write in Wittenberg, and in June and July of that year, he participated in another debate on
Indulgences and the papacy in Leipzig. Finally, in 1520, the pope had enough, and as a result, on June 15th the pope issued a bull (Exsurge
DominiĐâArise O'Lord) threatening Luther with excommunication. Luther received the bull on October 10th and proceeded to publicly burn it on
December 10th.
In January 1521, the pope excommunicated Luther. In March, he was summoned by Emperor Charles V to Worms to defend himself. During the Diet
of Worms, Luther refused to recant
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20. Martin Luther's Research Paper
Martin Luther's contribution to the Church could easily be dismissed because he is well known as antiâSemitic. In truth, he was, as most people are,
more complicated than this. Luther is a wonderful example of the Grace of God using imperfect people. Luther is history's best proponent of
justification by grace, yet some of his views did not always reflect God's love. God has not changed, He still chooses the average person to advance His
kingdom. And why shouldn't He, we are all He's got!
Finally, who told you all the scripture should be perfect? Is his, or her credentials greater than Martin Luther's, or other Bible scholars throughout history
which did not hold this view? There is enough evidence here, I will gladly join with these scholars,
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21. Essay on Martin Luther King: A True Leader
Martin Luther Kind: A True Leader Do you think Martin Luther King deserves his reputation for being a great leader of the Civil Rights movement?
What were his strengths and weakness? Overall, what is your verdict? Dr. Martin Luther King's actions during the Civil Rights movement of the
1950's and 1960's demonstrated that, in the eyes of many, he was one of the greatest leaders of all time. His tactics of peaceful protest won him much
praise and when he was killed in 1968, the nonâviolent protests faded out and...show more content...
It was not King but other local figures, for instance, who planned the famous Montgomery bus boycott of 1955. The first student sitâins of the 1960s
also denied that they were under King's influence. It was the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), rather than King's organisation that launched the
freedom rides and the SNCC that ensured their success. However, King can take credit for the success of the marches on Birmingham and Selma as
the organization and manner (which influenced the Kennedy brothers) in which they were carried out were completely down to him. His speeches
(most notably "I have a dream" and "Mountain top") influenced both races in their thousands in their view of racial equality. Certainly, it would be a
big overstatement to claim that Martin Luther King singleâhandedly won blacks civil rights. However, one cannot totally ignore his input in this field
by any means. It would certainly be fair to say that, without King, the Civil rights act would, at least been delayed considerably in its passing. King's
personal key to a successful protest was keeping it peaceful and nonâviolent. This had mixed success and brought King under a lot of criticism, some
claiming that he was an "uncle tom" that sucked up to whites. Privately, King's own supporters knew that nonâviolence was not an outlook
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