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Ingar Jentoftsen and Morten Ulrik Sørensen
15th May 2012




Kanban in Maersk Line
Tokyo Imperial Garden
Lean Kanban System




youtube
Toyota Kanban




• WIP kontrol
• Pull vs Push
Ingar Jentoftsen and Morten Ulrik Sørensen
15th May 2012




Kanban in Maersk Line
X-leap: The goal
Under Maersk Lines paraplystrategi - streamLINE - er der i værksat en række
initiativer, der sikre at rederiet bliver endnu mere konkurrencedygtige gennem
industriens bedste leveringssikkerhed, fortsatte CO2-reducerende initiativer og
sidste men ikke mindst ved at sætte kunden i fokus, oplyser Eivind Kolding til Klaus
Lund & Partneres nyhedsbrev.

X-Leap er Maersk Lines største og vigtigste af disse programmer.

Formålet er at gøre det ligeså enkelt at booke en container hos os som en
bog hos Amazon.com




                                                                                  Maersk Line CEO



                                     Source: http://epn.dk/brancher/transport/skib/article2069838.ece
Agile Project




                ?
4 co-located teams
Daily team stand-ups
Daily Scrum of Scrums


Sprints of 3 weeks
Release after 2 sprints



Traditional SCRUM board
A story backlog per team
Sprint level stories
Still Challenges


• Variation in the number of stories we delivered in each
  release
• Increasing number of unfinished features
• Our metrics indicated an increase in the effort (number of
  story points) we delivered in each release, but we got less
  functionality
• Uneven load on the individual team members
Needed improvements


• We needed to focus on completing functionality that would
  deliver value
• We needed to deliver value to our sponsors in each release
• We needed to be more predictable
• We needed to better utilize the full team capacity
Visualize the Workflow


• Map the existing development process in the team
• Identify value adding activities, hand-over point, and
  queues
• Visualize the workflow on the team’s board (Kanban Board)
Visualize the Workflow
To Do           In Progress                                                        Done




        To Do      In         In Development   Waiting for      Verification              Done
                  Prep.                        Deployment    Ready        Tested
Limit Work in Progress


• Feature (stories) that has independent value and can be
  release
• Commit to deliver a complete feature
• Focus the team on completing work already started
• Focus on what is left to do, rather than what we have done
• Collaboration
• Pair Programming
• Grow T-Shaped people
Limit Work in Progress
To Do           In Progress                                                        Done




        To Do      In         In Development   Waiting for      Verification              Done
                  Prep.                        Deployment    Ready        Tested




                                   U R G E N T
Make Process Policies Explicit


• Agree on policies regarding
   • Definition of Done
   • Workflow
   • Work in Progress limits
   • Acceptance and Sign-Off
   • Prioritization
• Make polices visible on the board
Make Process Policies Explicit
To Do           In Progress                                                        Done




        To Do      In         In Development   Waiting for      Verification              Done
                  Prep.                        Deployment    Ready        Tested




                                                Policies

                                   U R G E N T
Measure and Manage the Flow


• Identify metrics That are meaningful for the team
   • How are we performing?
   • Are we happy with our performance?
   • How do we like to perform in the next release?
• Make the metrics visible on the board
• Use the metrics and data as input to discussions on how the
  team can improve - retrospectives
Metrics


• Value Delivered
   • Number of features delivered
   • Number of value points delivered
• Cycle Time
   • Number of working days per feature
   • Number of working days over Story Size
• Quality
   • Number of defects
   • Time to fix (Cycle Time)
Number of Stories




                          20
                                 40
                                       60
                                            80




                      0
                                                   100
                                                         120
               K1_1
               K1_4
               K1_7
              K1_10
               K2_3
               K2_6
                                                           Karpo
               K2_9
               K3_2
               K3_5
               K3_8
                                                                   Performance




               L1_1
               L1_4




Done
               L1_7
              L1_10
               L2_3
               L2_6
                                                           Lycos




               L2_9
               L3_2
               L3_5




Development
               L3_8
               M1_1
               M1_4
               M1_7
              M1_10
               M2_3
Grooming       M2_6
                                                           Metis




               M2_9
               M3_2
               M3_5
               M3_8
Backlog




              N1_-2
               N1_2
               N1_5
               N1_8
               N2_1
               N2_4
                                                           Nike




               N2_7
              N2_10
               N3_3
               N3_6
               N3_9
Feature Cycle Time
                         Icarus 3 – Nike 3


                         90
                         80
Number of Working Days




                         70
                         60
                         50
                         40                             Longest
                                                        Shortest
                         30
                                                        Average
                         20
                         10
                          0




                                              Sprints
Delivery vs. Commitment Date


                   15



                   10
      Days Late




                    5



                    0


Committed
                    -5
      Days Early




                   -10



                   -15
Cycle Time / Size


                           0-20p 21-50p        51-100p     101p -
                    2.50



                    2.00
Cycle Time / Size




                    1.50



                    1.00



                    0.50



                    0.00
                           0              50             100        150    200   250   300

                                                                    Size
Continuously Improve


• Keep improving the team’s process and flow through regular
  team retrospectives
• Keep improving the project’s process and flow through
  regular project retrospectives
• Keep improving and adapting the Kanban boards to support
  the processes
• Experiment within the team and across the project
Continuously Improve
Scaling


• Alignment through daily stand-ups
• Project Kanban board
• Focus on flow of features
• Focus on project deliveries
• Focus on collaboration across teams
• Focus on removing impediments
Make Process Policies Explicit


Feature Queue   Techniucal   Teams   Grooming   In Development              Done
                  Queue
                                                                 Feature   Technical   Defects
Tracking Cycle Time
Questions?



  Ingar Jentoftsen
  Delivery Manager
  X-Leap Maersk Line IT

  +45 3363 8858
  ingar.jentoftsen@maersk.com
Back Up Slides
X-leap: Value stream analysis for a feature




X-leap: Root cause analysis for why hardening phase takes so long

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Kanban i praksis hos maersk line

  • 1. Ingar Jentoftsen and Morten Ulrik Sørensen 15th May 2012 Kanban in Maersk Line
  • 4. Toyota Kanban • WIP kontrol • Pull vs Push
  • 5. Ingar Jentoftsen and Morten Ulrik Sørensen 15th May 2012 Kanban in Maersk Line
  • 6. X-leap: The goal Under Maersk Lines paraplystrategi - streamLINE - er der i værksat en række initiativer, der sikre at rederiet bliver endnu mere konkurrencedygtige gennem industriens bedste leveringssikkerhed, fortsatte CO2-reducerende initiativer og sidste men ikke mindst ved at sætte kunden i fokus, oplyser Eivind Kolding til Klaus Lund & Partneres nyhedsbrev. X-Leap er Maersk Lines største og vigtigste af disse programmer. Formålet er at gøre det ligeså enkelt at booke en container hos os som en bog hos Amazon.com Maersk Line CEO Source: http://epn.dk/brancher/transport/skib/article2069838.ece
  • 8. 4 co-located teams Daily team stand-ups Daily Scrum of Scrums Sprints of 3 weeks Release after 2 sprints Traditional SCRUM board A story backlog per team Sprint level stories
  • 9.
  • 10. Still Challenges • Variation in the number of stories we delivered in each release • Increasing number of unfinished features • Our metrics indicated an increase in the effort (number of story points) we delivered in each release, but we got less functionality • Uneven load on the individual team members
  • 11. Needed improvements • We needed to focus on completing functionality that would deliver value • We needed to deliver value to our sponsors in each release • We needed to be more predictable • We needed to better utilize the full team capacity
  • 12. Visualize the Workflow • Map the existing development process in the team • Identify value adding activities, hand-over point, and queues • Visualize the workflow on the team’s board (Kanban Board)
  • 13. Visualize the Workflow To Do In Progress Done To Do In In Development Waiting for Verification Done Prep. Deployment Ready Tested
  • 14. Limit Work in Progress • Feature (stories) that has independent value and can be release • Commit to deliver a complete feature • Focus the team on completing work already started • Focus on what is left to do, rather than what we have done • Collaboration • Pair Programming • Grow T-Shaped people
  • 15. Limit Work in Progress To Do In Progress Done To Do In In Development Waiting for Verification Done Prep. Deployment Ready Tested U R G E N T
  • 16. Make Process Policies Explicit • Agree on policies regarding • Definition of Done • Workflow • Work in Progress limits • Acceptance and Sign-Off • Prioritization • Make polices visible on the board
  • 17. Make Process Policies Explicit To Do In Progress Done To Do In In Development Waiting for Verification Done Prep. Deployment Ready Tested Policies U R G E N T
  • 18. Measure and Manage the Flow • Identify metrics That are meaningful for the team • How are we performing? • Are we happy with our performance? • How do we like to perform in the next release? • Make the metrics visible on the board • Use the metrics and data as input to discussions on how the team can improve - retrospectives
  • 19. Metrics • Value Delivered • Number of features delivered • Number of value points delivered • Cycle Time • Number of working days per feature • Number of working days over Story Size • Quality • Number of defects • Time to fix (Cycle Time)
  • 20. Number of Stories 20 40 60 80 0 100 120 K1_1 K1_4 K1_7 K1_10 K2_3 K2_6 Karpo K2_9 K3_2 K3_5 K3_8 Performance L1_1 L1_4 Done L1_7 L1_10 L2_3 L2_6 Lycos L2_9 L3_2 L3_5 Development L3_8 M1_1 M1_4 M1_7 M1_10 M2_3 Grooming M2_6 Metis M2_9 M3_2 M3_5 M3_8 Backlog N1_-2 N1_2 N1_5 N1_8 N2_1 N2_4 Nike N2_7 N2_10 N3_3 N3_6 N3_9
  • 21. Feature Cycle Time Icarus 3 – Nike 3 90 80 Number of Working Days 70 60 50 40 Longest Shortest 30 Average 20 10 0 Sprints
  • 22. Delivery vs. Commitment Date 15 10 Days Late 5 0 Committed -5 Days Early -10 -15
  • 23. Cycle Time / Size 0-20p 21-50p 51-100p 101p - 2.50 2.00 Cycle Time / Size 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Size
  • 24. Continuously Improve • Keep improving the team’s process and flow through regular team retrospectives • Keep improving the project’s process and flow through regular project retrospectives • Keep improving and adapting the Kanban boards to support the processes • Experiment within the team and across the project
  • 26. Scaling • Alignment through daily stand-ups • Project Kanban board • Focus on flow of features • Focus on project deliveries • Focus on collaboration across teams • Focus on removing impediments
  • 27. Make Process Policies Explicit Feature Queue Techniucal Teams Grooming In Development Done Queue Feature Technical Defects
  • 29. Questions? Ingar Jentoftsen Delivery Manager X-Leap Maersk Line IT +45 3363 8858 ingar.jentoftsen@maersk.com
  • 31. X-leap: Value stream analysis for a feature X-leap: Root cause analysis for why hardening phase takes so long