LIVING MACHINES

MACHINES ARE
EXTENSIONS OF
OURSELVES

MACHINES ARE EXTENSIONS OF OURSELVES
TASK
TASK
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TASK
TASK
TASK
TASK
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MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
HUMAN
HUMAN TASKS
CARRIED OUT
BY HUMANS
HUMAN TASKS
DISTRIBUTION
OF TASKS
HUMAN TASKS
CARRIED OUT
BY MACHINES

THIS IS EVOLUTION
FUTURE
HUMAN?
TASK
TASKTASK
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TASKTASK
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TASKTASK
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MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
PRESENT
HUMAN
TASKTASK
TASK TASK
TASK TASK
PAST
HUMAN
TASK
TASKTASK
TASK TASK
TASK TASK
TASK
TASKTASK
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FUTURE
HUMAN
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE
MACH-
INE

MAINTAINING
LIFE CYCLES
OR EXTENDING LIFE

FINEGO TO DOCTOR
no action takenSICK
GETTING
SICK
FEEL PAINGETTING
SICK
no feedback
DEAD
GETTING
SICK
FEELING
FINE
FEELING
FINE

WORKINGSTARTING TO
MALFUNCTION
BROKENno action takenMALFUNCTIONno feedback
STARTING TO
MALFUNCTION
STARTING TO
MALFUNCTIONWORKING
WORKING
DETECT
PROBLEM
REQUEST
FIX

THE PURPOSE OF ANYTHING
(HUMANS, ANY ORGANISM,
MACHINES) RESULTS IN
TASKS.
CONTINUOUS CARRYING OUT
OF SPECIFIC TASKS INSIDE A
GENERAL CONTEXT CREATES
THE TEMPORARITY OF A
ROLE.
PLAYING A ROLE OVER A
PERIOD OF TIME WILL BE
INTRINSICALLY AS WELL AS
EXTRINSICALLY PERCEIVED
AS PERSONALITY
='S
TASKS
ROLE
PERSONALITY
PURPOSE MEANINGLIFE
PURPOSE GIVES MEANING TO
THE EXISTENCE OF ANY
THING.

THE
PERSONALITY OF
THE MACHINE

IS KEEPING FOOD FRESH
LIFE IN THE MACHINE
'S =
TASKS
ROLE
PERSONALITY
PURPOSE MEANINGLIFE
BEHAVIOR
ACTIVITIES
EXPRESSION
NEEDS
ARE TO KEEP FOOD
COOL AT A CERTAIN
TEMPERATURE
A SLOW, STEADY, COOL,
SECURE THING
THE ONE KEEPING STUFF
COOL
KEEPING TEMPERATURE
“I NEED TO KEEP COOL,
PLEASE CLOSE MY DOOR“
JUST COOLING
IS HONEST AND
AUTHENTIC

IS MAINTAINING SPECIES‘
EXISTENCE
LIFE IN THE LIVING
'S =
TASKS
ROLE
PERSONALITY
PURPOSE MEANINGLIFE
BEHAVIOR
ACTIVITIES
EXPRESSION
NEEDS
ARE STAYING-ALIVE-
RELATED (BREATHING,
EATING, MULTIPLYING,
...)
“HE‘S SUCH A FUNNY
PERSON!“, ...
TO BE ENFORCED AMIDST
SOCIETY, THE FUNNY
ONE, THE SMART ONE, ...
MAINTAIN BALANCED
NUTRITION LEVEL
“I‘D LIKE TO WORK FOR
YOUR COMPANY.“, “HI, I‘M
A REALLY NICE AND
INTERESTING PERSON.“
VARIOUS: FOOD
GATHERING, SOCIAL
ATTRACTIVENESS
STANDING INCREASE, …
IS PURPOSE- / TASK-
BASED

IS THE CREATION OF THE
ILLUSION OF LIFE
THE ILLUSION OF LIFE IN THE MACHINE / TAMAGOTCHI-ING
'S =
TASKS
ROLE
PERSONALITY
PURPOSE MEANINGLIFE
BEHAVIOR
ACTIVITIES
EXPRESSION
NEEDS
THERE'S NO COHERENT
CONNECTION BETWEEN
THE MACHINE'S
PURPOSE, ITS DERIVING
TASKS, THE EXPRESSION,
AND THE PERCEIVED
BEHAVIOR.
THE MACHINE CREATES
AN ILLUSION OF LIFE BY
PRODUCING
EXPRESSIONS THAT
ATTEMPT TO REPRESENT
NEEDS. THESE NEEDS
ARE NOT AT ALL RELATED
TO THE TASK OF THE
MACHINE.
ARE TO ASK FOR FOOD
A LITTLE, NEEDFUL, CUTE,
FUNNY THING
THE ONE ALWAYS ASKING
FOR FOOD
ARE FALSE NEEDS
IS TASK
ARE EXPRESSION
THUS IS “FAKE“

THE PERSONALITY OF THE MACHINE
Machine
'S =
TASKS
ROLE
PERSONALITY
PURPOSE MEANINGLIFE
THE PERSONALITY OF A
MACHINE IS DERIVED
FROM ITS PURPOSE. ITS
PURPOSE IS A DERIVATIVE
OF ITS TASKS.
TASKS RESULT IN
ACTIVITIES. THE
NECESSITY TO CARRY
OUT THESE ACTIVITIES
CREATES NEEDS.
ADDING A
COMMUNICATION LAYER
TO THE MACHINE
ALLOWS THE
EXPRESSION OF NEEDS.
RELEVANT PARTS OF THE
MACHINE ARE
MONITORED BY SENSORS
WHILE CARRYING OUT
TASKS.
THE EXPRESSION OF
NEEDS AND CARRYING
OUT OF ACTIVITIES CAN
BE PERCEIVED AS
BEHAVIOR.
PERCEIVING OF
BEHAVIOR OF A MACHINE
THAT IS BASED ON THE
MACHINE’S PERSONALTY
DERIVING FROM HIS
TASKS WILL MAKE THE
MACHINE MEANINGFUL.
THAT MATCHES THE
PATTERNS THAT ARE
REFERRED TO AS LIFE.
BEHAVIOR
ACTIVITIES
EXPRESSION
NEEDS
SAME APPLIES TO
HUMANS. OUR
PERSONALITY IS
DERIVING FROM OUR
PURPOSE. OUR PURPOSE
IS TO MULTIPLY. OUR
TASKS ARE TO BREATH,
EAT, AND – YES –
MULTIPLY.

THE SCALABILITY OF MEANING
='S PURPOSE MEANINGLIFE
BEHAVIOR
MEANINGMEANING OF A
MACHINE BECOMES
PERCEIVABLE.
MEANING IS MADESCALABLE. THUS, THE MEANING
OF US (HUMANS) WILL
BECOME CLEARER –
WE WILL
UNDERSTAND MORE
ABOUT OURSELVES.
THIS WILL MAKE US
HAPPIER.

ENDANGERMENT
OF PURPOSE
“USE ME!“

ENDANGERMENT OF PURPOSE
Use
me.

THE WIN-WIN-
SITUATION OF
GIVING AND
TAKING TASKS
THE MACHINE PROPOSES TASKS

ENDANGERMENT OF PURPOSE
You vacuum.
You use me.
You feel
purpose.

TASKS
BEHAVIOR
ACTIVITIES
EXPRESSION
NEEDS
“I’M OUT OF WATER.”
“I’M OVER TEMPERATURE.”
“MY DUST BAG IS FULL.”
“I’M OUT OF BATTERY.”
“I GOT ONLY 5 BOTTLES LEFT.”
“I’M AT 32ºC.”
“IT’S READY TO BURST.”
“I GOT 5% LEFT.”
“PLEASE REFILL.”
“PLEASE COOL ME DOWN.”
“PLEASE CHANGE DUST BAG.”
“PLEASE RECHARGE.”
INTENSIFIER
OF
EXPRESSION
REFINERS OF
EXPRESSION
REFINERS OF
EXPRESSION
SEVERITYPROBLEM SOLUTION

THE COHERENCE
OF EXPRESSION
AND PURPOSE

THE SLEEP LIGHT IS A
NATURAL EXPRESSION
BASED ON A LATERAL
TASK OF THE MACHINE:
TO POWER SAVE WHILE IN
SLEEP MODE.
IF THE MACHINE WAS A
SLEEPING MACHINE, THE
COHERENCE OF
EXPRESSION AND
PURPOSE WOULD BE
COMPLETE AND THE
MACHINE WOULD BE
PERCEIVED AS ALIVE.

USING EXISTING
EXPRESSION
CHANNELS
MAPPING EXPRESSION TO PURPOSE

MACHINE HELPS
MACHINE
TASK RANGE MATCHES NEED RANGE

THE MACHINE
EXPRESSION
ORCHESTRA
SEVERAL MACHINES ORCHESTRATE A FLOW

© 2012 BB
ATOM MOLECULE CELL ORGANISM SUPER-ORGANISM

ORGANISM LEVEL
SUPER-ORGANISM
LEVEL
ORGAN LEVEL

ORGANISM LEVEL
SUPER-ORGANISM
LEVEL
ORGANISM
CLUSTER LEVEL
MACHIN
E
MACHIN
E
MACHIN
E
MACHIN
E
MACHIN
E
MACHIN
E

© 2012 Telefónica Digital
SUPER-ORGANISMS

THE SUPER-
ORGANISM MADE
OF MACHINES

© 2012 Bert Bräutigam
PORTAL BRAIN
THE SUPER-ORGANISM MADE OF DEVICES
ÜBER
BRAIN
DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE
DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE
DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE
DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE
DEVICE
DEVICE
DEVICE
DEVICE
SENSORS NERVES
CONNECTIVITY MOUTH
THIS IS THE CORRECT
MENTAL MODEL FOR
USERS OF THE DEVICE
PORTAL.
THEY LOOK OVER A HUGE
QUANTITY OF DEVICES
(E.G. 10 MILLION VENDING
MACHINES), THAT FORM
AN ORGANISM.
DEVICES ORGANS
MachineÜBER
BRAIN

M2M
PORTAL
A VENDING MACHINES SUPER-ORGANISM
M2M
PORTAL
ÜBER
BRAIN

M2M
PORTAL
A COFFEE MAKER SUPER-ORGANISM
M2M
PORTAL
ÜBER
BRAIN

M2M
PORTAL
AN ALARM SYSTEM SUPER-ORGANISM
M2M
PORTAL
ÜBER
BRAIN

M2M
PORTAL
A POINT-OF-SALE SUPER-ORGANISM
M2M
PORTAL
ÜBER
BRAIN

M2M
PORTAL
A TRAFFIC METER SUPER-ORGANISM
M2M
PORTAL
ÜBER
BRAIN

M2M
PORTAL
A CAR SUPER-ORGANISM
M2M
PORTAL
ÜBER
BRAIN

THE BODY AND
SOUL
TRANSCENDENCE

THE BODY AND SOUL TRANSCENDENCE
DEVICE DIGITAL
SERVICE DIGITAL
SERVICE
PHYSICAL TOOLS MAKE PHYSICAL TASKS
EASIER / MAKE THE USER STRONGER
VIRTUAL TOOLS MAKE MENTAL TASKS EASIER /
MAKE THE USER SMARTER

THE BODY AND SOUL TRANSCENDENCE
DIGITAL
SERVICE
A TRANSCENDENT SERVICE
MAKES PHYSICAL TASKS
EASIER / MAKES THE USER
STRONGER / MAKES MENTAL
TASKS EASIER / MAKES THE
USER SMARTER

APPLIED DESIGN
PARADIGMS
MACHINE SUPER-ORGANISMS AND SPEECH
BUBBLES

DEVICES
ALL 52,336 devicesDEVICES
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Youʼre looking at all of your
52,336 devices.
Search
903 devices are in critical state
Temperature
Humidity
Cash
Beverages
SENSOR DATA
Device type
Life cycle state
Model
DEVICE
Filter
ReportsSoftwareConnectivityDeviceSensor data Service ordersBehavior
The view of the super-organism of devices should use a natural visual
metaphor that indicates the interactable entity level (device or cluster).
no devices selectedAdd Devices

DEVICES
ALL Vending machine Temperature: 10ºC – 20ºC 7,382 devicesDEVICES
05/14 05/1506/14 07/14 09/14 12/1411/1408/14 01/15 02/1510/14 03/15 04/15
now
Youʼre looking at 7,382
vending machines with a
temperature between 10
and 20ºC.
Search
You own 52,336 devices
Temperature
Humidity
Cash
Beverages
SENSOR DATA
Device type
Life cycle state
Model
DEVICE
Filter
Devices have been ﬁltered and
are shown at bigger scale.
no devices selectedAdd Devices

DEVICES
ALL Vending machine Temperature: 10ºC – 20ºC 802 devicesDEVICES
05/14 05/1506/14 07/14 09/14 12/1411/1408/14 01/15 02/1510/14 03/15 04/15
now
Search
Youʼre looking at 802
vending machines with a
temperature between 10
and 20ºC pending ﬁx.
You own 52,336 devices
Temperature
Humidity
Cash
Beverages
SENSOR DATA
Device type
Life cycle state
Model
DEVICE
Pending ﬁx Filter
ReportsSoftwareConnectivityDeviceSensor data Service ordersBehaviorno devices selectedAdd Devices

resolved
My temperature has gone above 22º.
I will shut off when above 30º.
resolved
resolved
Yesterday
2 days ago
Last week
Iʼm out of sandwiches! Please
refill.
Iʼm almost out of sandwiches. I got
20 units left
Iʼm almost out of beverages. I got
56 units left
My temperature has gone above 22º.
I will shut off when above 30º.
Itʼs 10pm. Shutting down now. I had
122 visitors today, making €139.20.
John OʼReilly:
Sent refill guy over
12 mins ago
3 days ago
Life view
Behavior
Installed software
Components
Connectivity data
Location
Sensor data
Vending machine SPX78002
DEVICE DETAIL VIEW
DEVICE
INVENTORY
3G
ALL Vending machine Temperature: 10ºC – 20ºC Vending machine SPX78...Pending fix
safe zone
Solve
Solve
refreshed 5 min ago refresh now

AUTONOMOUS
BEHAVIORAL
ADAPTION
DEVICES ADAPT BEHAVIOR OF OTHER DEVICES
THAT HAVE PROVEN TO HAVE AN POSITIVE
EFFECT ON THEIR SUCCESS CRITERIA (THEIR
PURPOSE)

Base data
Snack machine T2
Sensors
DEVICE CLASSESDEVICE
INVENTORY
DEVICE
CLASSES
Search
+ –
Coffee machine C7
Vending machine type 1
Vending machine type 3A
Vending machine type 3B
Soda dispenser
Snack machine T2
Snack machine T3
Success criteria
Autonomous behavioral adaption
Criteria parameter
High
Optimal state
10
Success impact
Low 4
Low
–
+
–
–2
Monthly revenue
Average energy consumption
Maintenance cycle
Low 1Average left-over product amount –
10
4
2
1
AUTONOMOUS BEHAVIORAL ADAPTION
SaveCancel
Components

Base data
Snack machine T2
Components
AUTONOMOUS BEHAVIORAL ADAPTION
DEVICE CLASSESDEVICE
INVENTORY
DEVICE
CLASSES
Search
+ –
Coffee machine C7
Vending machine type 3A
Vending machine type 3B
Soda dispenser
Snack machine T2
Snack machine T3
Success criteria
Autonomous behavioral adaption
Allow devices to propose solutions to problems
Allow devices to adapt to other behavioral patterns to meet success criteria
Allow mutations (devices will be able to vary parameters autonomously)
ON
ON
OFF
SaveCancel
Sensors

SHEDDING LIFE
ONTO
PREVIOUSLY
SILENT MACHINES

LIVING MACHINES

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