1. Do Now
What is brass?
What element(s) is it made from?
What is it used for?

2. Objectives
1. SWBAT define allotropes and explain
why there are different types.
2. SWBAT try to solve a problem in
which three very different substances
are made from the same element.
3. SWBAT define alloys and apply them
to their coin design.
4. SWBAT finish their lab from before
break.

3. 2D Materials: Designing for
Desired Properties

4. Materials: Designing for Desired
Properties
Depletion of Earth’s chemical resources
Motivators to consider alternatives
Scarcity
Cost
Environmental factors
Economic factors
Political factors

5. Materials: Designing for Desired
Properties
One alternative might be to find, modify,
or create new materials that could
substitute for the resource
Requirements for an ideal substitute
Plentiful
Inexpensive
Has useful properties that match or exceed
those of the original resource

6. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
ChemQuandry, p. 184 – A Case of
Elusive Identity

7. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes

8. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
Different forms of
Carbon
 a) diamond
 b) graphite
 d)
buckminsterfullerine
(buckeyball)

9. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
Allotropes are different forms of the
same element that each have distinctly
different chemical or physical properties
Must be in same state
Caused by different structures – how
atoms are linked and organized

10. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
Video Clip: Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
http://www.whfreeman.com/ChemCom/

11. 2.D.6 Allows and Semiconductors
Alloy:
Solid combination of atoms from two or
more metals
EX. Brass (copper and zinc)
http://www.whfreeman.com/ChemCom/

12. Do Now
List 3 motivators to start a search for
alternative chemical resources.
List 3 allotropes of carbon.

13. Objectives
1. SWBAT define ceramics and
ceramics engineering
2. SWBAT list properties of ceramics
3. SWBAT finish the Convering copper
lab
4. SWBAT work in small groups to
research metals, create a model, and
create a presentation on their coin.

14. TONIGHT’S HOMEWORK
1. Wear or bring long pants
2. Wear or bring close toed shoes
3. Bring 3 pennies to class
IF YOU ARE NOT DRESSED
APPROPRIATELY, YOU WILL NOT
PARTICIPATE IN LAB.

15. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Ceramics
Clay – one of the most plentiful
substances on Earth
Made of Al2O32SiO2  2H2O (kaolinitem a
mineral) & Mg+2
, Na1+,
K+1
Clay + Water  Mixture to mold & heat
into pottery & bricks

16. 2D.3 Engineered Materials

17. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Ceramics – Useful Properties - Durability
Hardness
Rigidity
Low chemical reactivity
Resistance to wear
Medical applications (e.g., hip
replacements)

18. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Engineered Ceramics
 Produced by newly developed
techniques & materials
 Useful Properties
 High melting points
 Strength at high temperatures

19. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
 Applications
 Substitutes for steel (e.g., high-
temperaturediesel or turbine engines – high
efficiency –reduce fuel costs
 Computer circuit board resistors – less brittle

20. Quiz on 2.D.
Allotropes
Alloys
Requirements for substitute materials
Requirements for needing substitutes
Ceramics (Engineering)
Striking it Rich (Lab 2.D.)
Quiz on:

21. Read Pages 187-190, 193-197
Complete worksheet for homework.