3. Fractions
A fraction represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number
of equal parts. When spoken in everyday English, a fraction describes
how many parts of a certain size there are, for example, one-half, eight-
fifths, three-quarters . A fraction consists of a numerator displayed
above a line , and a non-zero denominator, displayed below that line.
Numerators and denominators are also used in fractions that are
not common, including compound fractions, complex fractions, and
mixed numerals.
In positive common fractions, the numerator and denominator
are natural numbers. The numerator represents a number of equal
parts, and the denominator indicates how many of those parts make up
a unit or a whole. The denominator cannot be zero, because zero parts
can never make up a whole. For example, in the fraction 3⁄4, the
numerator 3 tells us that the fraction represents 3 equal parts, and the
denominator 4 tells us that 4 parts make up a whole.
4. Types of fractions
i. Proper fraction
ii. Improper fraction
iii. Like fraction
iv. Unlike fraction
v. Mixed fraction
5. Proper fractions
a fraction that is less than one, with the numerator less than the
denominator.
6. Improper Fraction
a fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator, such as
5/4.
7. Difference between Proper and Improper fraction
Proper fraction
a fraction that is less than one,
with the numerator less than the
denominator.
Improper fraction
a fraction in which the numerator
is greater than the denominator,
such as 5/4.
8. Like fraction
The group of two or more fractions that have exactly the same denominator
are called like fractions. Or we can say that the fractions which have the
same numbers in the denominators are called like fractions.
For example, 1/7, 2/7, 5/7, 6/7 are all like fractions, whose denominators
equal to 7.
9. Unlike fraction
Fractions with different denominators are called the unlike fractions. Here
the denominators of fractions have different values.
For example, 2/3, 4/9, 6/67, 9/89 are unlike fractions.
10. Difference between Like and Unlike fractions
Like Fraction
The group of two or more fractions
that have exactly the same
denominator are called like
fractions. Or we can say that the
fractions which have the same
numbers in the denominators are
called like fractions.
Unlike Fraction
Fractions with different
denominators are called the unlike
fractions. Here the denominators
of fractions have different values.
11. Mixed fraction
When a number is a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction,
then it is called a mixed fraction.
12. Decimals
A decimal number can be defined as a
number whose whole number part and the
fractional part is separated by a decimal
point. The dot in a decimal number is
called a decimal point. The digits following
the decimal point show a value smaller
than one.