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First Edition
Ayub’s Serial book of MEDICAL
PHYSIOLOGY MCQs
2021
i | P a g e
Author
I would like to thank all my dear family and friends.
My name is DR: Ayub Abdulkadir Abdi and I am one of the doctors who graduated from
the University of Somalia.
I got a bachelor of medicine and surgery four year ago.
I am currently lecturing at Frontier University and i am really proud that the students in the
frontier are satisfied with the way I explain things and there are no students or classes that we
do not miss understand.
This book is a series of sections that all address questions about medical physiology.
Students reading this book may not expect the answers to be accurate.
Because you will see later, I have quoted several books and may not understand some of the
standards so please don't be surprised.
Finally, as we all know, we are all human beings and everyone can make mistakes, so I ask for
forgiveness if there any error.
ii | P a g e
Dedication
I here dedicate this book for two universities that supported me to be able for understanding,
loving and interesting the field of medicine in various ways.
Because medicine is a huge topic; and is not easy the reason is you deal with human’s life
how to treat the people without harming them.
Frontier University
General medicine and surgery
University Of Somalia
General medicine and surgery
iii | P a g e
Acknowledgement
AS everyone knows without Allah ability no one can be doing or completing its
efforts in this life is possible, so we must thankfully first Allah.
My parents:
My Parents are the backbone of my life, they support you anyways to be happy,
strong, and taking a responsibility in this life, and your goals is there goals.
We just say baba or mam I need this simple but we not known how they
1- My father: ABDULKADIR SHEIKH ABDI ADAM.
2- My mother: NIM’O HASHI KARIYE.
My brothers and my sisters.
My students in Frontier University:
I here want to mention especial thanks to one person who was previously my
student and he is the mind idea for making this MCQs Book Of Medical Physiology,
every time he says to me my teacher I would like to make as a question physiology book
that is useful to as or other medical student in the future his name is:
Abdi Aziz Osman Hassan
Especially those learning general medicine and surgery same as my field some of them
are graduated, others are in the internship, and the others are on the way.
These are not only my medical student but they are my friends, in the period of
giving a lecture to them I also learned different topics because of them some of them
will ask you a questions whether it my topic or isn’t, so I always tried to get answer early
and discussion with them.
These students at Frontier University are hardworking, intelligent, memorized students.
iv | P a g e
Reference Book:
These are the reference book that I made up of my MCQs but the major source is a
Guyton and Hall medical physiology.
1- Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology 13th
edition.
2- K Sembulingam and Prema Sembulingam, Essential of Medical Physiology 6th
edition.
3- Gerard J. Tortora, Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 12th
edition.
4- Walter F Boron and Emile L Boulpaep, Medical Physiology 3rd
edition.
5- Others …………………
v | P a g e
Reference topic:
In order to answer these MCQs I advise you to read these topic and get some ideas
then try to answer.
1- Introduction to Bone.
2- Anatomical and Histological of a Bone.
3- Bone Marking and Bone Development.
4- Bone Growth and Bone Remodeling.
5- Bone Fracture and Bone Repair.
6- Effect of Exercise, Nutritional, and Hormonal on Bone Tissue.
7- Introduction to Joint.
8- Cartilaginous joint.
9- Fibrous joint.
10-Synovial joint.
vi | P a g e
Materials:
These are the most materials that are used when preparing this book, these include:
1- Laptop.
2- Printer and scanner.
3- Pen.
4- Pencil.
5- Pencil color.
6- Marker pen.
7- Paper.
8- Erase.
9- Mobile.
vii | P a g e
Serial books:
1- General physiology.
2- Hematophysiology.
3- Dermatophysiology.
4- Osteo- Arthrophysiology.
5- Myophysiology.
6- Pulmophysiology.
7- Cardiophysiology.
8- Gastroentero (GIT) and hepatobiliary physiology.
9- Urophysiology.
10- Genitophysiology.
11- Endocrophysiology.
12- Neurophysiology.
viii | P a g e
Contents of the book:
1- Cover.
2- Author, dedication, and acknowledgement ………………………………………..…… iii
3- Reference book and reference topics……………………………………………………..v
4- Material, serial book and content book…………………………………………………viii
5- MCQs…………………………………………………………………………………1- 14
6- Answer…………………………………………………………………………………...15
7- Pages of MCQs images…………………………………………………………………..16
8- Last cover.
1 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
1- Skeletal system consist of:
A) Bone.
B) Ligament.
C) Tendons.
D) All of them.
2- The following are true about bone except:
A) Metabolically active.
B) Dense connective tissue.
C) Provide human framework.
D) Only serve as movement and protection.
3- Which of the following bone is protect tendons by helping them overcome
compressive forces:
A) Long bone.
B) Sesamoid bone.
C) Short bone.
D) Flat bone.
4- Which of the following bone is not part of long bone:
A) Femur bone.
B) Radius and ulna bone.
C) Carpal bone.
D) Metacarpal bone.
5- This is a characters of long bone except:
A) Cylindrical appearance.
B) It’s longer compared to its width.
C) Humerus and metatarsal are example of this bone.
D) Provide stability and support.
6- This image is a type of bone classification which is:
A) Irregular bone.
B) Sesamoid bone.
C) Long bone.
D) Flat bone.
7- These are example of flat bone except:
A) Skull bone.
B) Ribs bone.
C) Sternal bone.
D) Facial bone.
8- The following are true in epiphysis except:
A) Is the wider section at each end of the bone which is filled with spongy bone.
B) Above epiphysis there is an articular cartilage.
C) Contains Red marrow.
D) Long and short bone has an epiphysis.
9- Is the area were each epiphysis meets the diaphysis.
A) Epiphysis.
B) Metaphysis.
C) Diaphysis.
D) None of them.
2 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
10- Epiphyseal plate or growth plate are seen in:
A) Epiphysis.
B) Metaphysis.
C) Diaphysis.
D) None of them.
11- This image is a bone the arrow red indicates:
A) This person is over 40 year.
B) Fracture.
C) Epiphyseal (growth) plate.
D) Radiological error.
12- Is a delicate membranous lining the medullary cavity.
A) Epiphyseal plate.
B) Endosteum.
C) Periosteum.
D) None of them.
13- Which of the following are not true in periosteum:
A) Is a fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of the bone.
B) Contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels.
C) Tendons and ligaments also attach to bones at the periosteum.
D) Periosteum covers the articular cartilage of the bone.
14- The following are true in compact bone except:
A) 80% of bone mass.
B) Dense hard bone.
C) Compressive forces are transmitted into all direction.
D) Yellow marrow for fat storage.
15- The spongy bone:
A) Meshwork of bony plates or rods.
B) Has multiple spaces.
C) Contain red marrow for blood production.
D) All of them.
16- Is the microscopic structural unit of compact bone.
A) Osteon.
B) Lamella.
C) Lacuna.
D) Canaliculi.
17- Is a central opening of the osteon:
A) Osteon.
B) Central canal.
C) Lamella.
D) Canaliculi.
18- This structure is an:
A) Cartilage.
B) Ligament.
C) Osteon.
D) Tendon.
19- Flat plates extend arround the bone.
3 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
A) Concentric lamella.
B) Interstitial lamella.
C) Circumferential lamella.
D) None of them.
20- Surrounds haversian (central) canal:
A) Concentric lamella.
B) Interstitial lamella.
C) Circumferential lamella.
D) None of them.
21- Is a perforating canal in which the vessels and nerves branch off at right angles and
extends to the periosteum and endosteum:
A) Canaliculi.
B) Central canal.
C) Volkman’s canal.
D) None of them.
22- Is the spaces b/w borders of adjacent lamellae:
A) Canaliculi.
B) Lacuna.
C) Lamella.
D) All of them.
23- Connect with the canaliculi of other lacunae and eventually with the central canal.
A) Canaliculi.
B) Lacuna.
C) Lamella.
D) All of them.
24- The blood and nerve vessels of the bone which of them are true:
A) They enter from a small openings in the diaphysis and epiphysis:
B) They nourish the bone.
C) They serve as sense of pain, regulating blood supplies and bone growth.
D) All of them.
25- Which of the following bone matrix is true:
A) Contain small number of cells.
B) Compose of collagen and inorganic salts crystals.
C) Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in the bone matrix combine and form
hydroxyapatite which later incorporated to other inorganic salts like “Mg, Floride”.
D) All of them.
26- Which of the following bone cells has the characteristic of cells that undergo
division:
A) Bone lining cells.
B) Osteoblast cells.
C) Osteoclast cells.
D) Osteogenic cells.
27- Which of the following its function is bone-building cells:
A) Osteoblast.
B) Osteocyte.
C) Osteoclast.
4 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
D) None of them.
28- This cell is:
A) Osteocyte.
B) Osteoclast.
C) Osteoblast.
D) Osteogenic cell.
29- The cell that surround themselves with the extracellular matrix and become trapped
with their secretion and become osteocyte:
A) Osteoclast.
B) Bone lining cells.
C) Osteoblast.
D) None of them.
30- Which of the following cell secretes collagen and organic component needed for
formation of bone extracellular matrix:
A) Osteoclast.
B) Osteoblast.
C) Osteocyte.
D) Osteogenic cell.
31- These cell is unspecialized stem cell derived from mesenchyme they can divide and
become osteoblast:
A) Osteoblast.
B) Osteogenic cells.
C) Osteoclast.
D) Osteocyte.
32- The following are characteristic of osteocyte except:
A) Secretes a bone extracellular matrix.
B) Mature bone cells.
C) Exchange of nutrients and wastes with the blood.
D) They do not undergo cell division.
33- This cell capable of digesting the protein and mineral of the bone due to presence of
enzymes and acids on their cytoplasm:
A) Osteocyte.
B) Osteoclast.
C) Osteoblast.
D) None of them.
34- Are huge cells derived from the fusion of as many as 50 monocytes:
A) Osteocyte.
B) Osteoblast.
C) Osteoclast.
D) Bone lining cells.
35- These cells are believed to be derived from osteoblasts that cease their physiological
activity and flatten out on the bone surface:
A) Osteoclast.
B) Osteoblast.
C) Osteocyte.
D) Bone lining cells.
5 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
36- Is an area of a bone that projects above the surface of the bone:
A) Projection.
B) Articulation.
C) Holes.
D) None of them.
37- Which of the following is true in articulation:
A) Two bone surfaces come together.
B) One surface is rounded and other one is cupped.
C) To facilitate the function of the articulation.
D) All of them.
38- Fossa, canal, foramen, and sinus are examples of:
A) Projection.
B) Articulation.
C) Holes.
D) All of them.
39- Condyle, spine, sulcus are example of:
A) Holes.
B) Projection.
C) Articulation.
D) All of them.
40- Which of the following bone marking has this characteristic; attachment points for
tendons and ligaments:
A) Projection.
B) Articulation.
C) Holes.
D) None of them.
41- Which of the following bone formation is not true:
A) The embryo’s skeleton consists of bone and hyaline cartilage.
B) This process begins during 6 to 7 week of embryo life.
C) Has two pathways respectively “intramembranous and endochondral”.
D) Is the process by which embryonic membrane and cartilage are converted to bone.
42- Which of the following is not true in intramembranous ossification:
A) Development of the ossification center.
B) Calcification.
C) Formation of trabeculae.
D) Formation of articular cartilage and the epiphyseal plate.
43- Which of the following intramembranous ossification are true when Specific
chemical messages cause the mesenchyme cells to cluster together and differentiate
into specialized cells (capillaries and osteogenic cells):
A) Calcification.
B) Formation of trabecule.
C) Development of the ossification center.
D) Development of the periosteum.
44- Osteoblasts secrete osteoid, uncalcified matrix, which calcifies (hardens) within a
few days as mineral salts are deposited on it, this stage is seen in:
A) Development of the ossification center.
6 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
B) Calcification.
C) Formation of trabeculae.
D) Development of the periosteum.
45- This picture indicate formation of compact bone and
this stage is seen in:
A) Development of the ossification center.
B) Calcification.
C) Formation of trabeculae.
D) Development of the periosteum.
46- These are true in endochondral ossification except:
A) Bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage.
B) Cartilage serves as a template to be completely replaced by new bone.
C) The flat bone of skull, medial part of the clavicle, and most of the facial bones,
mandible are examples of endochondral ossification.
D) Takes much longer than intramembranous ossification.
47- Which of the following are true in development of the cartilage model:
A) Specific chemical messages causes the mesenchyme cells to crowd together in the
general shape of the future bone.
B) Mesenchyme cell develop into chondroblast; these cell secretes cartilage extracellular
matrix.
C) Outside the cartilage model there is a covering know as perichondrium.
D) All of them.
48- This stage the Chondroblast become chondrocyte and these cell causes continual cell
division:
A) Development of the cartilage model.
B) Growth of the cartilage model.
C) Development of the primary ossification center.
D) Development of the medullary (marrow) cavity.
49- Which of the following endochondral ossification are suitable for this
picture:
A) Formation of articular cartilage.
B) Formation of medullary cavity.
C) Development of primary ossification center.
D) Development of Secondary ossification center.
50- A nutrient artery penetrates the perichondrium stimulating osteogenic
cells in the perichondrium to differentiate into osteoblasts:
A) Development of the cartilage model.
B) Growth of the cartilage model.
C) Development of primary ossification center.
D) Development of Secondary ossification center.
51- Osteoclasts break down some of the newly formed spongy bone trabeculae in the
primary ossification center leaves a cavity, the medullary (marrow) cavity, in the
diaphysis (shaft):
A) Formation of articular cartilage.
B) Formation of medullary cavity.
C) Development of primary ossification center.
7 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
D) Development of Secondary ossification center.
52- The boxes 1 in the picture indicated:
A) Formation of articular cartilage.
B) Formation of medullary cavity.
C) Development of primary ossification center.
D) Development of Secondary ossification center.
53- The primary and secondary ossification center are same steps except:
A) Nutrient artery penetrate the perichondrium and stimulate the
osteoblast.
B) The perichondrium starts to form bone, it is known as the periosteum.
C) Only Spongy bone trabecular remain in both ossification.
D) Osteoblast secretes a bone extracellular matrix that replaces the calcified cartilage.
54- This is true in formation of articular cartilage and the epiphyseal (growth) plate:
A) The last step of endochondral ossification.
B) Both of them consist of hyaline cartilage.
C) Articular cartilage is seen at the epiphysis, epiphyseal plate are seen at the
metaphysis.
D) All of them.
55- Growth of the long bone:
A) They grow at the epiphyseal plate.
B) Also called interstitial growth.
C) Is a type of endochondral ossification.
D) All of them.
56- This zone consist of small, scattered chondrocytes that anchor the epiphysis and
diaphysis:
A) Zone of proliferating cartilage.
B) Zone of resting cartilage.
C) Zone of hypertrophy cartilage.
D) Zone of calcified cartilage.
57- This layer consists of large, maturing chondrocytes arranged in columns:
A) Zone of calcified cartilage.
B) Zone of hypertrophic cartilage.
C) Zone of resting cartilage.
D) Zone of proliferating cartilage.
58- Which of the following zone is not true in proliferative cartilage:
A) Stack of coins.
B) Larger chondrocyte.
C) Divide and secretes extracellular matrix.
D) Mostly of chondrocytes that are dead because the extracellular matrix around them
has calcified.
8 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
59- By looking this picture which of the following is appropriate
description of it:
A) Ridges in periosteum creates groove for periosteal blood
vessels.
B) Periosteal ridge fuse, forming an endosteum -lined tunnel.
C) Osteoblast in endosteum build new concentric lamella
inward toward center of tunnel, forming new osteon.
D) Bone grows outward as osteoblast in periosteum build new
circumferential lamella.
60- Which of the following is true in growing diameter of the bone:
A) Activity in the periosteal.
B) Building of concentric lamella by osteoblast in the endosteum increase the diameter
of the bone, at this point the medullary cavity is small.
C) Osteoclast in the endosteal site cause to dissolve the newly formed bone by increasing
the medullary cavity, so there is a direct proportional between increasing the diameter
and medullary cavity.
D) All of them.
61- These are true in bone remodeling except:
A) Ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue.
B) Bone resoption and deposition are example of bone remodeling.
C) There are multiple factors that affect bone remodeling such as exercise, diet.
D) Only this processes of remodeling is seen on short bone.
62- Which of the following is not true in bone deposition:
A) Addition of minerals and collagen fibers to bone.
B) Osteoclast perform this function.
C) Formation of bone extracellular matrix.
D) None of them.
63- The importance of bone Remodeling is:
A) To destroy old bone by replacing a new bone.
B) To remove injured bone cells.
C) To strength the bone related to the degree to which it is stressed.
D) All of them.
64- Bone resoption and deposition are true except:
A) The shape of a bone can be altered for proper support based on the stress patterns
experienced during the remodeling process.
B) During the bone resoption osteoclast release digestive enzymes for breaking bone
collagen fiber and acids for dissolving bone minerals.
C) The rate of bone remodeling is equal in both compact and spongy bone.
D) New bones are resistant to fracture compared to old bone.
65- Which of the following factors is essential for bone remodeling:
A) Vitamins.
B) Minerals.
C) Hormones.
9 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
D) All of them.
66- Which of the following is essential for the synthesis of collagen fibers in the bone:
A) Vitamin B.
B) Vitamin D.
C) Vitamin C.
D) Vitamin A.
67- The most abundant and important mineral that we need a large amount to consume
is:
A) Sodium.
B) Magnesium.
C) Calcium.
D) Potassium.
68- Which of the following is true in Vitamin A acting on bone:
A) They synthetize collaging.
B) They activate the osteoblast activity.
C) They dissolve bone minerals.
D) They directly increase the absorption of calcium.
69- Which of the following vitamins increases the reabsorption of Calcium:
A) Vitamin B.
B) Vitamin D.
C) Vitamin C.
D) Vitamin A.
70- Which of the following hormones is responsible for bone growth and remodeling:
A) Insulin like growth factor.
B) Sex hormones.
C) Thyroid hormone.
D) All of them.
71- Which of the following hormones causes sudden growth spurt during the teenage
and later causes growth stop at the epiphyseal plate:
A) Insulin like growth factor.
B) Sex hormones.
C) Thyroid hormone.
D) Insulin from pancreases.
72- As we know most females are shorter than male due to early closure of epiphyseal
plate, the hormone responsible for this effect is:
A) Thyroid hormone.
B) Estrogen.
C) Growth hormone.
D) None of them.
73- Broken bone is called:
A) Dislocation.
B) Osteotitis.
C) Fracture.
10 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
D) None of them.
74- Fracture is named based on their:
A) Severity of the fracture.
B) Shape and position of the fracture.
C) Physician who first described them.
D) All of them.
75- Which of the following is not true about fracture that causes release of fat globule
into the blood stream:
A) Fat globule can cause fat embolism.
B) The long bone is the major source of releasing fat globule.
C) The fracture of the epiphysis of long bone can release the fat globule.
D) The fracture of the diaphysis of long bone can release the fat globule.
76- Which of the following complication is true in fat embolism:
A) Hypoxemia.
B) Respiratory distress and neurological abnormalities.
C) Petechial skin.
D) All of them.
77- These are true in stress fracture except:
A) Microscopic fracture of bone that forms without any evidence of injury to other
tissues.
B) Quite painful.
C) Mostly involved bone is tibia.
D) X-ray images often can show the presence of stress fractures.
78- This fracture is a type of:
A) Open transverse fracture.
B) Closed spiral fracture.
C) Closed transverse fracture.
D) Closed comminute fracture.
79- Which of the following is greenstick fracture:
A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.
80- Which of the following is not true in bony callus
formation:
A) Is a type of bone repairing.
B) Osteogenic cells develop into osteoblasts, which
begin to produce spongy bone trabeculae.
C) The fibrocartilage is converted to spongy bone.
D) The bony callus lasts about 2 weeks.
81- A thickened area on the surface of the bone remains as evidence of a healed fracture
is a type of:
A) Fracture hematoma.
11 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
B) Bone remodeling.
C) Fibrocartilagenous callus formation.
D) Bony callus formation.
82- Which of the following is suitable for this picture:
A) Fracture hematoma.
B) Bone remodeling.
C) Fibrocartilagenous callus formation.
D) Bony callus formation.
83- Relation between exercise and bone tissue:
A) Lack of mechanical stress causes bones to lose mineral
salts and collagen fibers
B) As stress increases or decreases will change the internal and external structure of a
bone.
C) People who exercise regularly have thicker bones.
D) All of them.
84- Which of the following mineral causes displacement of hydroxyapatite to
fluorapatite:
A) Magnesium.
B) Calcium.
C) Fluoride.
D) None of them.
85- Which of the following substance reduce inflammation and stimulated osteoblast for
production of new bone tissue:
A) Vitamin D.
B) Omega 3 fatty acid.
C) Calcium.
D) All of them.
86- Which of the following is true in synthesis and activation of vitamin D:
A) 7-dehydrocholestrol in the skin are converted into Cholecalciferol (pre- vitamin D3)
by the action of the ultraviolet sun.
B) Transportation of pre- vitamin D3 in the liver and converted into 25- hydroxyl vit D3
(calcidiol).
C) Transportation and activation of 25- hydroxy vit D3 (calcidiol) in the kidney and
formation of 1,25- dihydroxy vit D3 (calcitriol).
D) All of them.
87- Which of the following functions of growth hormone are true in acting osteoblast:
A) They controls bone growth in several ways.
B) Triggers chondrocyte proliferation in epiphyseal plate.
C) Increases calcium retention, which enhances mineralization.
D) All of them.
88- which of the following hormones it’s function is to proliferation and activation of
osteoclast, reabsorption of calcium from kidney, and increases calcium level in the
blood:
12 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
A) Growth hormone.
B) Estrogen.
C) Thyroxine.
D) Parathormone PTH.
89- Estrogen causes apoptosis (programmed cell death) on this cell:
A) Osteocyte.
B) Osteoblast.
C) Osteoclast.
D) None of them.
90- Which is not true about calcitonin:
A) Its function is opposite to parathormone.
B) Inhibits osteoclast activity.
C) Secreted by the thyroid gland.
D) Increases blood calcium level.
91- This is true in bone and aging:
A) Loss of both minerals and collagen of the bone.
B) Women are higher loss of bone mass comparing to male.
C) In older people bone resorption is higher than bone deposition.
D) All of them.
92- Location where two bone become together is called:
A) Ligament.
B) Bone.
C) Muscle.
D) Joint.
93- Which of the following is not structural classification of joint:
A) Synovial.
B) Amphiarthrosis.
C) Fibrous.
D) Cartilaginous.
94- The bones are joined by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage:
A) Synovial.
B) Carilagenous.
C) Fibrous.
D) All of them.
95- A freely moveable joint is called:
A) Diarthrosis.
B) Synarthrosis.
C) Amphiarthrosis.
D) None of them.
13 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
96- This image is an example of:
A) Suture.
B) Gomphosis.
C) Syndesmosis.
D) All of them.
97- Which of the following is true in fibrous joint:
A) Bones are directly connected to each other.
B) Do not have a joint cavity.
C) Narrow or wide.
D) All of them.
98- Where the bones are joined by hyaline cartilage is know:
A) Symphysis.
B) Synchondrosis.
C) Sydesmosis.
D) None of them.
99- The following are type of symphysis except:
A) Symphysis pubic.
B) Intervertabral disc.
C) Manubriosternal joint.
D) Suture.
100- Movement in all three anatomical planes:
A) Multiaxial join.
B) Biaxial joint.
C) Uniaxial joint.
D) All of them.
101- This an elbow joint and this type of axes is:
A) Uniaxial joint.
B) Multiaxial join.
C) Biaxial joint.
A) None of them.
102- A thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the entire articulating surface of
each bone:
A) Articular capsule.
B) Articular cartilage.
C) Synovial cavity.
D) Synovial membrane.
103- A thick, slimy fluid that provides lubrication to further reduce friction
between the bones of the joint:
A) Synovial cavity.
B) Synovial fluid.
C) Synovial membrane.
D) None of them.
104- Consists of cells that secrete synovial fluid:
14 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
A) Articular capsule.
B) Articular cartilage.
C) Synovial cavity.
D) Synovial membrane.
105- What is the name of structure in the box
numbering 1:
A) Ligament.
B) Tendon.
C) Bursa.
D) Meniscus.
106- Is a thin connective tissue sac filled with
lubricating liquid:
A) Synovial membrane.
B) Bursa.
C) Ligament.
D) None of them.
107- Bone to bone are attached by:
A) Tendon.
B) Ligament.
C) Bursa.
D) Adipose fat.
108- Which of the following is true in ligament:
A) Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue.
B) Strengthen and support the joint.
C) Limit the range of these motions.
D) All of them.
109- Is located inside of the articular capsule:
A) Extrinsic ligament.
B) Intrinsic ligament.
C) Intracapsular ligament.
D) None of them.
110- Generally small and oval-shaped, or a meniscus, which is larger and C-
shaped:
A) Bursa.
B) Tendon.
C) Articular disc.
D) Articular cartilage.
15 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
ANSWERS
1- D
2- D
3- B
4- C
5- D
6- A
7- D
8- D
9- B
10- B
11- C
12- B
13- D
14- C
15- D
16- A
17- B
18- C
19- C
20- A
21- C
22- B
23- A
24- D
25- D
26- D
27- A
28- B
29- C
30- B
31- B
32- A
33- B
34- C
35- D
36- A
37- D
38- C
39- D
40- A
41- A
42- D
43- C
44- B
45- D
46- C
47- D
48- B
49- C
50- C
51- B
52- D
53- C
54- D
55- D
56- B
57- B
58- D
59- C
60- D
61- D
62- B
63- D
64- C
65- D
66- C
67- C
68- B
69- B
70- D
71- B
72- B
73- C
74- D
75- C
76- D
77- D
78- C
79- C
80- D
81- B
82- A
83- D
84- C
85- B
86- D
87- D
88- D
89- C
90- D
91- D
92- D
93- B
94- B
95- A
96- B
97- D
98- B
99- D
100- A
101- A
102- B
103- B
104- D
105- B
106- B
107- B
108- D
109- C
110- C
16 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i
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Ayub's MCQs on Bone Physiology

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Ayub's MCQs on Bone Physiology

  • 1. First Edition Ayub’s Serial book of MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY MCQs 2021
  • 2. i | P a g e Author I would like to thank all my dear family and friends. My name is DR: Ayub Abdulkadir Abdi and I am one of the doctors who graduated from the University of Somalia. I got a bachelor of medicine and surgery four year ago. I am currently lecturing at Frontier University and i am really proud that the students in the frontier are satisfied with the way I explain things and there are no students or classes that we do not miss understand. This book is a series of sections that all address questions about medical physiology. Students reading this book may not expect the answers to be accurate. Because you will see later, I have quoted several books and may not understand some of the standards so please don't be surprised. Finally, as we all know, we are all human beings and everyone can make mistakes, so I ask for forgiveness if there any error.
  • 3. ii | P a g e Dedication I here dedicate this book for two universities that supported me to be able for understanding, loving and interesting the field of medicine in various ways. Because medicine is a huge topic; and is not easy the reason is you deal with human’s life how to treat the people without harming them. Frontier University General medicine and surgery University Of Somalia General medicine and surgery
  • 4. iii | P a g e Acknowledgement AS everyone knows without Allah ability no one can be doing or completing its efforts in this life is possible, so we must thankfully first Allah. My parents: My Parents are the backbone of my life, they support you anyways to be happy, strong, and taking a responsibility in this life, and your goals is there goals. We just say baba or mam I need this simple but we not known how they 1- My father: ABDULKADIR SHEIKH ABDI ADAM. 2- My mother: NIM’O HASHI KARIYE. My brothers and my sisters. My students in Frontier University: I here want to mention especial thanks to one person who was previously my student and he is the mind idea for making this MCQs Book Of Medical Physiology, every time he says to me my teacher I would like to make as a question physiology book that is useful to as or other medical student in the future his name is: Abdi Aziz Osman Hassan Especially those learning general medicine and surgery same as my field some of them are graduated, others are in the internship, and the others are on the way. These are not only my medical student but they are my friends, in the period of giving a lecture to them I also learned different topics because of them some of them will ask you a questions whether it my topic or isn’t, so I always tried to get answer early and discussion with them. These students at Frontier University are hardworking, intelligent, memorized students.
  • 5. iv | P a g e Reference Book: These are the reference book that I made up of my MCQs but the major source is a Guyton and Hall medical physiology. 1- Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology 13th edition. 2- K Sembulingam and Prema Sembulingam, Essential of Medical Physiology 6th edition. 3- Gerard J. Tortora, Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 12th edition. 4- Walter F Boron and Emile L Boulpaep, Medical Physiology 3rd edition. 5- Others …………………
  • 6. v | P a g e Reference topic: In order to answer these MCQs I advise you to read these topic and get some ideas then try to answer. 1- Introduction to Bone. 2- Anatomical and Histological of a Bone. 3- Bone Marking and Bone Development. 4- Bone Growth and Bone Remodeling. 5- Bone Fracture and Bone Repair. 6- Effect of Exercise, Nutritional, and Hormonal on Bone Tissue. 7- Introduction to Joint. 8- Cartilaginous joint. 9- Fibrous joint. 10-Synovial joint.
  • 7. vi | P a g e Materials: These are the most materials that are used when preparing this book, these include: 1- Laptop. 2- Printer and scanner. 3- Pen. 4- Pencil. 5- Pencil color. 6- Marker pen. 7- Paper. 8- Erase. 9- Mobile.
  • 8. vii | P a g e Serial books: 1- General physiology. 2- Hematophysiology. 3- Dermatophysiology. 4- Osteo- Arthrophysiology. 5- Myophysiology. 6- Pulmophysiology. 7- Cardiophysiology. 8- Gastroentero (GIT) and hepatobiliary physiology. 9- Urophysiology. 10- Genitophysiology. 11- Endocrophysiology. 12- Neurophysiology.
  • 9. viii | P a g e Contents of the book: 1- Cover. 2- Author, dedication, and acknowledgement ………………………………………..…… iii 3- Reference book and reference topics……………………………………………………..v 4- Material, serial book and content book…………………………………………………viii 5- MCQs…………………………………………………………………………………1- 14 6- Answer…………………………………………………………………………………...15 7- Pages of MCQs images…………………………………………………………………..16 8- Last cover.
  • 10. 1 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i 1- Skeletal system consist of: A) Bone. B) Ligament. C) Tendons. D) All of them. 2- The following are true about bone except: A) Metabolically active. B) Dense connective tissue. C) Provide human framework. D) Only serve as movement and protection. 3- Which of the following bone is protect tendons by helping them overcome compressive forces: A) Long bone. B) Sesamoid bone. C) Short bone. D) Flat bone. 4- Which of the following bone is not part of long bone: A) Femur bone. B) Radius and ulna bone. C) Carpal bone. D) Metacarpal bone. 5- This is a characters of long bone except: A) Cylindrical appearance. B) It’s longer compared to its width. C) Humerus and metatarsal are example of this bone. D) Provide stability and support. 6- This image is a type of bone classification which is: A) Irregular bone. B) Sesamoid bone. C) Long bone. D) Flat bone. 7- These are example of flat bone except: A) Skull bone. B) Ribs bone. C) Sternal bone. D) Facial bone. 8- The following are true in epiphysis except: A) Is the wider section at each end of the bone which is filled with spongy bone. B) Above epiphysis there is an articular cartilage. C) Contains Red marrow. D) Long and short bone has an epiphysis. 9- Is the area were each epiphysis meets the diaphysis. A) Epiphysis. B) Metaphysis. C) Diaphysis. D) None of them.
  • 11. 2 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i 10- Epiphyseal plate or growth plate are seen in: A) Epiphysis. B) Metaphysis. C) Diaphysis. D) None of them. 11- This image is a bone the arrow red indicates: A) This person is over 40 year. B) Fracture. C) Epiphyseal (growth) plate. D) Radiological error. 12- Is a delicate membranous lining the medullary cavity. A) Epiphyseal plate. B) Endosteum. C) Periosteum. D) None of them. 13- Which of the following are not true in periosteum: A) Is a fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of the bone. B) Contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels. C) Tendons and ligaments also attach to bones at the periosteum. D) Periosteum covers the articular cartilage of the bone. 14- The following are true in compact bone except: A) 80% of bone mass. B) Dense hard bone. C) Compressive forces are transmitted into all direction. D) Yellow marrow for fat storage. 15- The spongy bone: A) Meshwork of bony plates or rods. B) Has multiple spaces. C) Contain red marrow for blood production. D) All of them. 16- Is the microscopic structural unit of compact bone. A) Osteon. B) Lamella. C) Lacuna. D) Canaliculi. 17- Is a central opening of the osteon: A) Osteon. B) Central canal. C) Lamella. D) Canaliculi. 18- This structure is an: A) Cartilage. B) Ligament. C) Osteon. D) Tendon. 19- Flat plates extend arround the bone.
  • 12. 3 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i A) Concentric lamella. B) Interstitial lamella. C) Circumferential lamella. D) None of them. 20- Surrounds haversian (central) canal: A) Concentric lamella. B) Interstitial lamella. C) Circumferential lamella. D) None of them. 21- Is a perforating canal in which the vessels and nerves branch off at right angles and extends to the periosteum and endosteum: A) Canaliculi. B) Central canal. C) Volkman’s canal. D) None of them. 22- Is the spaces b/w borders of adjacent lamellae: A) Canaliculi. B) Lacuna. C) Lamella. D) All of them. 23- Connect with the canaliculi of other lacunae and eventually with the central canal. A) Canaliculi. B) Lacuna. C) Lamella. D) All of them. 24- The blood and nerve vessels of the bone which of them are true: A) They enter from a small openings in the diaphysis and epiphysis: B) They nourish the bone. C) They serve as sense of pain, regulating blood supplies and bone growth. D) All of them. 25- Which of the following bone matrix is true: A) Contain small number of cells. B) Compose of collagen and inorganic salts crystals. C) Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in the bone matrix combine and form hydroxyapatite which later incorporated to other inorganic salts like “Mg, Floride”. D) All of them. 26- Which of the following bone cells has the characteristic of cells that undergo division: A) Bone lining cells. B) Osteoblast cells. C) Osteoclast cells. D) Osteogenic cells. 27- Which of the following its function is bone-building cells: A) Osteoblast. B) Osteocyte. C) Osteoclast.
  • 13. 4 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i D) None of them. 28- This cell is: A) Osteocyte. B) Osteoclast. C) Osteoblast. D) Osteogenic cell. 29- The cell that surround themselves with the extracellular matrix and become trapped with their secretion and become osteocyte: A) Osteoclast. B) Bone lining cells. C) Osteoblast. D) None of them. 30- Which of the following cell secretes collagen and organic component needed for formation of bone extracellular matrix: A) Osteoclast. B) Osteoblast. C) Osteocyte. D) Osteogenic cell. 31- These cell is unspecialized stem cell derived from mesenchyme they can divide and become osteoblast: A) Osteoblast. B) Osteogenic cells. C) Osteoclast. D) Osteocyte. 32- The following are characteristic of osteocyte except: A) Secretes a bone extracellular matrix. B) Mature bone cells. C) Exchange of nutrients and wastes with the blood. D) They do not undergo cell division. 33- This cell capable of digesting the protein and mineral of the bone due to presence of enzymes and acids on their cytoplasm: A) Osteocyte. B) Osteoclast. C) Osteoblast. D) None of them. 34- Are huge cells derived from the fusion of as many as 50 monocytes: A) Osteocyte. B) Osteoblast. C) Osteoclast. D) Bone lining cells. 35- These cells are believed to be derived from osteoblasts that cease their physiological activity and flatten out on the bone surface: A) Osteoclast. B) Osteoblast. C) Osteocyte. D) Bone lining cells.
  • 14. 5 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i 36- Is an area of a bone that projects above the surface of the bone: A) Projection. B) Articulation. C) Holes. D) None of them. 37- Which of the following is true in articulation: A) Two bone surfaces come together. B) One surface is rounded and other one is cupped. C) To facilitate the function of the articulation. D) All of them. 38- Fossa, canal, foramen, and sinus are examples of: A) Projection. B) Articulation. C) Holes. D) All of them. 39- Condyle, spine, sulcus are example of: A) Holes. B) Projection. C) Articulation. D) All of them. 40- Which of the following bone marking has this characteristic; attachment points for tendons and ligaments: A) Projection. B) Articulation. C) Holes. D) None of them. 41- Which of the following bone formation is not true: A) The embryo’s skeleton consists of bone and hyaline cartilage. B) This process begins during 6 to 7 week of embryo life. C) Has two pathways respectively “intramembranous and endochondral”. D) Is the process by which embryonic membrane and cartilage are converted to bone. 42- Which of the following is not true in intramembranous ossification: A) Development of the ossification center. B) Calcification. C) Formation of trabeculae. D) Formation of articular cartilage and the epiphyseal plate. 43- Which of the following intramembranous ossification are true when Specific chemical messages cause the mesenchyme cells to cluster together and differentiate into specialized cells (capillaries and osteogenic cells): A) Calcification. B) Formation of trabecule. C) Development of the ossification center. D) Development of the periosteum. 44- Osteoblasts secrete osteoid, uncalcified matrix, which calcifies (hardens) within a few days as mineral salts are deposited on it, this stage is seen in: A) Development of the ossification center.
  • 15. 6 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i B) Calcification. C) Formation of trabeculae. D) Development of the periosteum. 45- This picture indicate formation of compact bone and this stage is seen in: A) Development of the ossification center. B) Calcification. C) Formation of trabeculae. D) Development of the periosteum. 46- These are true in endochondral ossification except: A) Bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage. B) Cartilage serves as a template to be completely replaced by new bone. C) The flat bone of skull, medial part of the clavicle, and most of the facial bones, mandible are examples of endochondral ossification. D) Takes much longer than intramembranous ossification. 47- Which of the following are true in development of the cartilage model: A) Specific chemical messages causes the mesenchyme cells to crowd together in the general shape of the future bone. B) Mesenchyme cell develop into chondroblast; these cell secretes cartilage extracellular matrix. C) Outside the cartilage model there is a covering know as perichondrium. D) All of them. 48- This stage the Chondroblast become chondrocyte and these cell causes continual cell division: A) Development of the cartilage model. B) Growth of the cartilage model. C) Development of the primary ossification center. D) Development of the medullary (marrow) cavity. 49- Which of the following endochondral ossification are suitable for this picture: A) Formation of articular cartilage. B) Formation of medullary cavity. C) Development of primary ossification center. D) Development of Secondary ossification center. 50- A nutrient artery penetrates the perichondrium stimulating osteogenic cells in the perichondrium to differentiate into osteoblasts: A) Development of the cartilage model. B) Growth of the cartilage model. C) Development of primary ossification center. D) Development of Secondary ossification center. 51- Osteoclasts break down some of the newly formed spongy bone trabeculae in the primary ossification center leaves a cavity, the medullary (marrow) cavity, in the diaphysis (shaft): A) Formation of articular cartilage. B) Formation of medullary cavity. C) Development of primary ossification center.
  • 16. 7 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i D) Development of Secondary ossification center. 52- The boxes 1 in the picture indicated: A) Formation of articular cartilage. B) Formation of medullary cavity. C) Development of primary ossification center. D) Development of Secondary ossification center. 53- The primary and secondary ossification center are same steps except: A) Nutrient artery penetrate the perichondrium and stimulate the osteoblast. B) The perichondrium starts to form bone, it is known as the periosteum. C) Only Spongy bone trabecular remain in both ossification. D) Osteoblast secretes a bone extracellular matrix that replaces the calcified cartilage. 54- This is true in formation of articular cartilage and the epiphyseal (growth) plate: A) The last step of endochondral ossification. B) Both of them consist of hyaline cartilage. C) Articular cartilage is seen at the epiphysis, epiphyseal plate are seen at the metaphysis. D) All of them. 55- Growth of the long bone: A) They grow at the epiphyseal plate. B) Also called interstitial growth. C) Is a type of endochondral ossification. D) All of them. 56- This zone consist of small, scattered chondrocytes that anchor the epiphysis and diaphysis: A) Zone of proliferating cartilage. B) Zone of resting cartilage. C) Zone of hypertrophy cartilage. D) Zone of calcified cartilage. 57- This layer consists of large, maturing chondrocytes arranged in columns: A) Zone of calcified cartilage. B) Zone of hypertrophic cartilage. C) Zone of resting cartilage. D) Zone of proliferating cartilage. 58- Which of the following zone is not true in proliferative cartilage: A) Stack of coins. B) Larger chondrocyte. C) Divide and secretes extracellular matrix. D) Mostly of chondrocytes that are dead because the extracellular matrix around them has calcified.
  • 17. 8 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i 59- By looking this picture which of the following is appropriate description of it: A) Ridges in periosteum creates groove for periosteal blood vessels. B) Periosteal ridge fuse, forming an endosteum -lined tunnel. C) Osteoblast in endosteum build new concentric lamella inward toward center of tunnel, forming new osteon. D) Bone grows outward as osteoblast in periosteum build new circumferential lamella. 60- Which of the following is true in growing diameter of the bone: A) Activity in the periosteal. B) Building of concentric lamella by osteoblast in the endosteum increase the diameter of the bone, at this point the medullary cavity is small. C) Osteoclast in the endosteal site cause to dissolve the newly formed bone by increasing the medullary cavity, so there is a direct proportional between increasing the diameter and medullary cavity. D) All of them. 61- These are true in bone remodeling except: A) Ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue. B) Bone resoption and deposition are example of bone remodeling. C) There are multiple factors that affect bone remodeling such as exercise, diet. D) Only this processes of remodeling is seen on short bone. 62- Which of the following is not true in bone deposition: A) Addition of minerals and collagen fibers to bone. B) Osteoclast perform this function. C) Formation of bone extracellular matrix. D) None of them. 63- The importance of bone Remodeling is: A) To destroy old bone by replacing a new bone. B) To remove injured bone cells. C) To strength the bone related to the degree to which it is stressed. D) All of them. 64- Bone resoption and deposition are true except: A) The shape of a bone can be altered for proper support based on the stress patterns experienced during the remodeling process. B) During the bone resoption osteoclast release digestive enzymes for breaking bone collagen fiber and acids for dissolving bone minerals. C) The rate of bone remodeling is equal in both compact and spongy bone. D) New bones are resistant to fracture compared to old bone. 65- Which of the following factors is essential for bone remodeling: A) Vitamins. B) Minerals. C) Hormones.
  • 18. 9 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i D) All of them. 66- Which of the following is essential for the synthesis of collagen fibers in the bone: A) Vitamin B. B) Vitamin D. C) Vitamin C. D) Vitamin A. 67- The most abundant and important mineral that we need a large amount to consume is: A) Sodium. B) Magnesium. C) Calcium. D) Potassium. 68- Which of the following is true in Vitamin A acting on bone: A) They synthetize collaging. B) They activate the osteoblast activity. C) They dissolve bone minerals. D) They directly increase the absorption of calcium. 69- Which of the following vitamins increases the reabsorption of Calcium: A) Vitamin B. B) Vitamin D. C) Vitamin C. D) Vitamin A. 70- Which of the following hormones is responsible for bone growth and remodeling: A) Insulin like growth factor. B) Sex hormones. C) Thyroid hormone. D) All of them. 71- Which of the following hormones causes sudden growth spurt during the teenage and later causes growth stop at the epiphyseal plate: A) Insulin like growth factor. B) Sex hormones. C) Thyroid hormone. D) Insulin from pancreases. 72- As we know most females are shorter than male due to early closure of epiphyseal plate, the hormone responsible for this effect is: A) Thyroid hormone. B) Estrogen. C) Growth hormone. D) None of them. 73- Broken bone is called: A) Dislocation. B) Osteotitis. C) Fracture.
  • 19. 10 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i D) None of them. 74- Fracture is named based on their: A) Severity of the fracture. B) Shape and position of the fracture. C) Physician who first described them. D) All of them. 75- Which of the following is not true about fracture that causes release of fat globule into the blood stream: A) Fat globule can cause fat embolism. B) The long bone is the major source of releasing fat globule. C) The fracture of the epiphysis of long bone can release the fat globule. D) The fracture of the diaphysis of long bone can release the fat globule. 76- Which of the following complication is true in fat embolism: A) Hypoxemia. B) Respiratory distress and neurological abnormalities. C) Petechial skin. D) All of them. 77- These are true in stress fracture except: A) Microscopic fracture of bone that forms without any evidence of injury to other tissues. B) Quite painful. C) Mostly involved bone is tibia. D) X-ray images often can show the presence of stress fractures. 78- This fracture is a type of: A) Open transverse fracture. B) Closed spiral fracture. C) Closed transverse fracture. D) Closed comminute fracture. 79- Which of the following is greenstick fracture: A) 1. B) 2. C) 3. D) 4. 80- Which of the following is not true in bony callus formation: A) Is a type of bone repairing. B) Osteogenic cells develop into osteoblasts, which begin to produce spongy bone trabeculae. C) The fibrocartilage is converted to spongy bone. D) The bony callus lasts about 2 weeks. 81- A thickened area on the surface of the bone remains as evidence of a healed fracture is a type of: A) Fracture hematoma.
  • 20. 11 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i B) Bone remodeling. C) Fibrocartilagenous callus formation. D) Bony callus formation. 82- Which of the following is suitable for this picture: A) Fracture hematoma. B) Bone remodeling. C) Fibrocartilagenous callus formation. D) Bony callus formation. 83- Relation between exercise and bone tissue: A) Lack of mechanical stress causes bones to lose mineral salts and collagen fibers B) As stress increases or decreases will change the internal and external structure of a bone. C) People who exercise regularly have thicker bones. D) All of them. 84- Which of the following mineral causes displacement of hydroxyapatite to fluorapatite: A) Magnesium. B) Calcium. C) Fluoride. D) None of them. 85- Which of the following substance reduce inflammation and stimulated osteoblast for production of new bone tissue: A) Vitamin D. B) Omega 3 fatty acid. C) Calcium. D) All of them. 86- Which of the following is true in synthesis and activation of vitamin D: A) 7-dehydrocholestrol in the skin are converted into Cholecalciferol (pre- vitamin D3) by the action of the ultraviolet sun. B) Transportation of pre- vitamin D3 in the liver and converted into 25- hydroxyl vit D3 (calcidiol). C) Transportation and activation of 25- hydroxy vit D3 (calcidiol) in the kidney and formation of 1,25- dihydroxy vit D3 (calcitriol). D) All of them. 87- Which of the following functions of growth hormone are true in acting osteoblast: A) They controls bone growth in several ways. B) Triggers chondrocyte proliferation in epiphyseal plate. C) Increases calcium retention, which enhances mineralization. D) All of them. 88- which of the following hormones it’s function is to proliferation and activation of osteoclast, reabsorption of calcium from kidney, and increases calcium level in the blood:
  • 21. 12 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i A) Growth hormone. B) Estrogen. C) Thyroxine. D) Parathormone PTH. 89- Estrogen causes apoptosis (programmed cell death) on this cell: A) Osteocyte. B) Osteoblast. C) Osteoclast. D) None of them. 90- Which is not true about calcitonin: A) Its function is opposite to parathormone. B) Inhibits osteoclast activity. C) Secreted by the thyroid gland. D) Increases blood calcium level. 91- This is true in bone and aging: A) Loss of both minerals and collagen of the bone. B) Women are higher loss of bone mass comparing to male. C) In older people bone resorption is higher than bone deposition. D) All of them. 92- Location where two bone become together is called: A) Ligament. B) Bone. C) Muscle. D) Joint. 93- Which of the following is not structural classification of joint: A) Synovial. B) Amphiarthrosis. C) Fibrous. D) Cartilaginous. 94- The bones are joined by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage: A) Synovial. B) Carilagenous. C) Fibrous. D) All of them. 95- A freely moveable joint is called: A) Diarthrosis. B) Synarthrosis. C) Amphiarthrosis. D) None of them.
  • 22. 13 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i 96- This image is an example of: A) Suture. B) Gomphosis. C) Syndesmosis. D) All of them. 97- Which of the following is true in fibrous joint: A) Bones are directly connected to each other. B) Do not have a joint cavity. C) Narrow or wide. D) All of them. 98- Where the bones are joined by hyaline cartilage is know: A) Symphysis. B) Synchondrosis. C) Sydesmosis. D) None of them. 99- The following are type of symphysis except: A) Symphysis pubic. B) Intervertabral disc. C) Manubriosternal joint. D) Suture. 100- Movement in all three anatomical planes: A) Multiaxial join. B) Biaxial joint. C) Uniaxial joint. D) All of them. 101- This an elbow joint and this type of axes is: A) Uniaxial joint. B) Multiaxial join. C) Biaxial joint. A) None of them. 102- A thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the entire articulating surface of each bone: A) Articular capsule. B) Articular cartilage. C) Synovial cavity. D) Synovial membrane. 103- A thick, slimy fluid that provides lubrication to further reduce friction between the bones of the joint: A) Synovial cavity. B) Synovial fluid. C) Synovial membrane. D) None of them. 104- Consists of cells that secrete synovial fluid:
  • 23. 14 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i A) Articular capsule. B) Articular cartilage. C) Synovial cavity. D) Synovial membrane. 105- What is the name of structure in the box numbering 1: A) Ligament. B) Tendon. C) Bursa. D) Meniscus. 106- Is a thin connective tissue sac filled with lubricating liquid: A) Synovial membrane. B) Bursa. C) Ligament. D) None of them. 107- Bone to bone are attached by: A) Tendon. B) Ligament. C) Bursa. D) Adipose fat. 108- Which of the following is true in ligament: A) Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue. B) Strengthen and support the joint. C) Limit the range of these motions. D) All of them. 109- Is located inside of the articular capsule: A) Extrinsic ligament. B) Intrinsic ligament. C) Intracapsular ligament. D) None of them. 110- Generally small and oval-shaped, or a meniscus, which is larger and C- shaped: A) Bursa. B) Tendon. C) Articular disc. D) Articular cartilage.
  • 24. 15 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i ANSWERS 1- D 2- D 3- B 4- C 5- D 6- A 7- D 8- D 9- B 10- B 11- C 12- B 13- D 14- C 15- D 16- A 17- B 18- C 19- C 20- A 21- C 22- B 23- A 24- D 25- D 26- D 27- A 28- B 29- C 30- B 31- B 32- A 33- B 34- C 35- D 36- A 37- D 38- C 39- D 40- A 41- A 42- D 43- C 44- B 45- D 46- C 47- D 48- B 49- C 50- C 51- B 52- D 53- C 54- D 55- D 56- B 57- B 58- D 59- C 60- D 61- D 62- B 63- D 64- C 65- D 66- C 67- C 68- B 69- B 70- D 71- B 72- B 73- C 74- D 75- C 76- D 77- D 78- C 79- C 80- D 81- B 82- A 83- D 84- C 85- B 86- D 87- D 88- D 89- C 90- D 91- D 92- D 93- B 94- B 95- A 96- B 97- D 98- B 99- D 100- A 101- A 102- B 103- B 104- D 105- B 106- B 107- B 108- D 109- C 110- C
  • 25. 16 | P a g e D r . A y u b A b d u l k a d i r A b d i Pages contain MCQs Images o Page 1 o Page 2 o Page 4 o Page 6 o Page 7 o Page 8 o Page 10 o Page 11 o Page 13 o Page 14