This document provides an overview of systemic functional linguistics, focusing on text and context. It defines text as something written, such as books, newspapers, or magazines, while context refers to background information that helps readers interpret the meaning of a text. Context includes the immediate social and situational environment (field, mode, and tenor) as well as the broader cultural context surrounding a text. Linguistic choices in a text are influenced by these contexts of situation and culture. The document also discusses registers, the relationship between language and context, and how context is revealed through linguistic features including terminology, grammar, pronouns, and text structure.

1. SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL
LINGUISTICS
PRESENTED BY : AYESHA JAVAID(21)
INSTRUCTOR :. DR MUHAMMAD ASIF (HOD)

2. CONTENT
TEXT IN CONTEXT OF SITUATION
WHAT IS TEXT?
WHAT IS CONTEXT?
COMPARISON BETWEEN TEXT AND CONTEXT
CONTEXT OF SITUATION( FIELD,MODE,TENOR)
CONTEXT OF CULTURE
RHETORICAL SITUATION

3. WHAT IS TEXT?
• TEXT IS SOMETHING WRITTEN.

4. TEXT IN COMPARISON WITH CONTEXT
• TEXT :
A COHERENT STRETCH OF LANGUAGE THAT MAY BE REGARDED AS AN OBJECT OF CRITICAL ANALYSIS.
TEXT ARE THE BOOKS ,NEWSPAER , MAGZINE ETC.
CONTEXT:
IN WRITING, CONTEXT REFERS TO INFORMATION THAT HELPS READERS ACCURATELY INTERPRET THE
MEANING OF A TEXT. CONTEXT CAN TAKE MANY FORMS, INCLUDING BACKGROUND INFORMATION OR
DETAILS ABOUT THE CIRCUMSTANCES, ENVIRONMENT, OR TIMEFRAME IN WHICH A WORK TAKES PLACE.
• CONTEXT IS THE HIDDEN MEANING BEHIND THE TEXT
• EVERY TEXT FOLLOWS CONTEXT AND EVERY CONTEXT EXPLAINS TEXT.

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TYPES OF CONTEXT
EPISTEMIC CONTEXT
: IT REFERS TO WHAT SPEAKER KNOW ABOUT THE WORLD.
SOCIAL CONTEXT:
THE SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE HEARER AND SPEAKER.
LINGUISTICS CONTEXT (CO-TEXT) :
THE LINGUISTIC CONTEXT REFERS TO WHAT HAS BEEN SAID ALREADY IN THE UTTERA
PHYSICAL CONTEXT ( SITUATIONAL CONTEXT) :
.THE SITUATION , TIME OR PLACE IN WHICH THE WORDS ARE USED . •
THIS COVER WHAT IS PHYSICALLY PRESENT AROUND THE SPEAKERS / HEARERS
AT THE TIME OF COMMUNICATION , WHAT OBJECTS ARE VISIBLE AND
WHERE THE COMMUNICATION IS TAKEN PLACE .

7. CONTEXT
CONTEXT OF SITUATION
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CONTEXT OF SITUATION WHICH IS
DEFINED AS THE IMMEDIATE SOCIAL
AND SITUATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN
WHICH A TEXT IS BEING REALIZED.
FIELD,TENOR, MODE
CONTEXT OF CULTURE
• CONTEXT OF CULTURE WHICH IS THE
OUTER MORE EXTERNAL ,ORHIGHER
ORDER CONTEXT SURROUNDING
BOTH THE TEXT AND ITS SPECIFIC
CONTEXT OF SITUATION.

8. RHETORICAL SITUATION
UNDERSTANDING THE RHETORICAL SITUATION
• IT IS COMMON KNOWLEDGE IN THE WORKPLACE THAT NO ONE REALLY WANTS TO
READ WHAT YOU WRITE, AND EVEN IF THEY WANT TO OR HAVE TO READ IT, THEY WILL
LIKELY NOT READ ALL OF IT. SO HOW DO YOU GET YOUR READER TO UNDERSTAND
WHAT YOU NEED QUICKLY AND EFFICIENTLY? START BY DOING A DETAILED TASK AND
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS… MAKE SURE YOU UNDERSTAND “ RHETORIC SITUATION” BEFORE
YOU BEGIN DRAFTING A DOCUMENT ….

9. PURPOSE
PURPOSE
• REFERS TO WHY YOU ARE WRITING . DETERMINE WHAT YOU HOPE TO ACCOMPLISH B
WRITING THIS DOCUMENT. ASK YOURSELF WHAT YOU HOPE THE READER WILL DO/
THINK/ DECIDE AS A RESULT OF READING THE TEXT.
• TO CREATE A RECORD
• TO GIVE INFORMATION
• TO PERSUADE

10. WRITER AND AUDIANCE
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WRITER
• REFERS TO YOU, THE WRITER/CREATOR/DESIGNER/OF THE COMMUNICATION.
IT IS IMPORTANT TO EXAMINE YOUR OWN MOTIVATION FOR WRITING & ANY
BIASES, PAST EXPERIENCES, AND KNOWLEDGE YOU BRING TO THE WRITING
SITUATION.
• AUDIENCE: REFERS TO YOUR READERS/LISTENERS / VIEWERS/USERS.
ARE THEY LATERAL TO YOU AT SAME POSITION , UPSTREAM, DOWNSTREAM TO
YOU.

12. MESSAGE
MESSAGE
• REFERS TO THE INFORMATION YOU WANT TO COMMUNICATE. THIS IS THE
CONTENT OF YOUR DOCUMENT. IT SHOULD BE TARGETED TO YOUR AUDIENCE.
• CAREFULLY CHOSE WHAT CONTENT UR AUDIENCE NEEDS
• CONTEXT: REFERS TO THE SITUATION THAT CREATES THE NEED FOR WRITING .
CONTEXT INFLUENCED BY TIMING, LOCATION, CURRENT EVENTS, AND CULTURE.

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WHAT IS TEXTAN CONTEXT
IS SOMETHING WRITTEN
PRINTED WORDS MAY ALSO FALL INTO THE CATEGORY OF TEXT
LITERARY TEXT : BOOK, POEM ,NOVELS, ANY PLAY ETC
NON-LITERARY: ADVERTISEMENT ,NEWS PAPER ETC
CONTEXT: IS HIDDEN MEANING BEHIND THE TEXT
EVERY TEXT FOLLOWS CONTEXT AND EVERY CONTEXT EXPLAINS TEXT

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IS A COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE TO USE LAGUAGE APPROPRIATELY LEXICON ,
GRAMAR , SOUND
IT TELLS THE RELATIONSHIP B/W LANGUAGE & CONTEXT
WITH THE HELP OF REGISTER CONTEXT IS KNOWN
FROZEN: IS FIXED OR UNCHAGEABLE REGISTER LIKE LAWS, HOLLY QURAN , BIBLE ,
GITA .
FORMAL : SCHOOLS RELATED DISCUSSION
CONSULTATIVE: TWO WAY PARTICIPATION , DOCTOR & PATIENT , TEACHER AND
STUDENT DISCUSSION
CASUAL : COMMON LANGUAGE SLANG ‘ OYE ‘ YAR ‘
INTIMATE : NON-PUBLIC LANGUAGE , LOVERS , COUPLES LANGUAGE, PRIVATE

17. WHAT IS BEING WRITTEN ABOUT FOR EXAMPLE AN ESSAY ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING OR BIOLOGY
OR CRICKET IN A TEST (STRAND OF MEANING:IDEATIONAL)
EXAMINER , ROOM , PAPER ARE IDEATIONAL.
WHAT IS TOPIC, THERE WE EXPLORE LEXICAL ITEMS
FOR INSTANCE : TOPIC ANIVERSARY FIELD RELATED WORDS WILL BE USED WHICH INDICATE
TOPIC OR FIELD. COUPLE , MARRIAGE , HAPPY FAMILY
RELATIONSHIP B/W LANGUAGE USERS. SPEAKER LISTENER, WRITER AND READER. STRAND OF
MEANING WILL BE INTERPERSONAL
WHAT ARE PARTICIPANTS ,
3 VARIABLES TO INVESTIGATE TENOR
A ) POWER RELATIONS (EQUAL & UNEQUAL)
B) FORMALITY (FORMAL & INFORMAL)

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ROLE OF LANGUAGE , HOW TEXT IS ORGANISED,
IS MODE SPOKEN OR WRITTEN , ONLINE OR INPERSON
STRAND OF MEANING IS TEXTUAL, COHERENT , TELEPHONIC OR EMAIL ETC ARE THE
CHANNELS
TEXT IS WRITTEN OR SPOKEN
DECLARATIVE , IMPERATIVE , NEGATIVE ETC

19. STRAN OF MEANING
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FIELD: WHAT THE TEXT IS IDEATIONAL & HOW
THE EXPERIENCE IS REPRESENTED
TENOR: RELATIONSHIP INTERPERSONAL B/W
PARTICIPANTS
MODE: FORM OF TEXTUAL COMMUNICATION
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LINGUISTIC CHOICES:
SUBJECT SPECIFIC TERMINOLGY
ASTRONOMY , BIOLOGY , HISTORY ,
VERB TYPES, SUBJECTS , NOMINALIZATIN
INSTEAD OF VERBS , ACTIVE VOICE, PASSIVE VOICE,
PRONOUN: I/WE USE , MODALITY IS USED OR NOT , EVALUATIVE:
BEAUTIFUL, HOPEFULLY, VERBS , ADVERBS
COHESION, COHERENT , TEXT HOLDS TOGETHER LEXICALLY, USE
OF PROUNS IN THE PLACE OF NOUNS , THEMATIC AND
INFORMATION STRUCTURES THEME RHEME

23. CONCLUSION
IN OUR PRESENTATION WE DISCUSSED ABOUT THE TEXT IN CONTEXTOF SITUATION
TEXT MAYBE LITERARY AND NON- LITERARY LITERARY MEAN BOOKS ,SKIT ANY PLAY
AND ON OTHER HAND NON LITERARY MEAN ADVERTISEMENT,NEWSPAER.
CONTEXT OF AN UTTERANCE CONSIST OF SPEAKER THE SENTENCE WHICH IS
UTTERED THE ACT PERFORMED IN UTTERING OF SENTENCE. CONTEXT HAS ALSO
DIFFERENT TYPES EPISTEMIC,SOCIAL,PHYSICAL,LINGUISTIC CONTEXT ALSO
INCLUDED. SITUATIONAL CONTEXT CONSIST OF FIELD ,MODE AND TENOR.

24. Thank you