Presentation by M. Shamsuzzaman, Architect-Urban Planner intern in CRAterre-Ensag, Grenoble, France in 2012

1. A Methodology of
Coordinated Low-Cost
Housing for Disaster Prone
Rural Areas of Bangladesh
M. Shamsuzzaman, Architect-Urban Planner
Intern, CRATerre-ENSAG, Grenoble, France

2. Table of Contents
• Concept
• Developing Design Criteria
• Design Development/
Local Application of Design Criteria
• Implementation/ Construction
• Crosscutting Issues

3. Concept of Coordinated Low-Cost Housing for
Disaster Prone Rural Areas of Bangladesh
Design Criteria+
Prototypes
Design
Implementation
Feedback
Design
Development
National Level
Coordinating
Body
Users/
Beneficiaries
Int./ National /
Local Level
Organizations/
Users

4. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Studying the Existing Efforts:
• Analyzing stakeholders and organizations involved in
low-cost housing for disaster prone rural areas
• Studying existing practices on low-cost housing for
disaster prone rural areas by various organizations
HBRI
UN-HABITAT LGED
BRAC
BUET
CARITAS-BD
RED-CRESCENT
GRAMEEN
BANK
ADPCBDPC
ITDG
CARE

5. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Regional Identity and Variations Aspects:
• Mapping vernacular house patterns
• Mapping local building materials, construction practices
and technologies
• Mapping natural hazards
• Mapping regional climate and geography
• Mapping settlement morphologies

6. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Vernacular House Patterns:
Regional
Identity
1

7. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Vernacular House Patterns:
Regional
Identity
1

8. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Vernacular House Patterns:
Regional
Identity
1

9. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Vernacular House Patterns:
Regional
Identity
1

10. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Mapping Natural Hazards:
Regional
Identity
3 2

11. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Mapping Natural Hazards:
Regional
Identity
2
2

12. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Overlaying Layers: Vernacular vs. Hazards:
Regional
Identity
High concentration
of Mud House in
Highest Seismic
Zone
Highest
concentration of Mud
House in Medium
Seismic Zone
Low concentration
of Mud House in
Highest Seismic
Zone
Midium
concentration of
Mud House in
Medium Seismic
Zone

13. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Adaptation Strategies with Natural Hazards:
• Mapping house damage patterns
• Acceptable limit of damage by natural hazards
• Risk reduction; Damage reduction
• Selection of building materials
• Selection of structural systems
• Appropriate construction techniques: Iindigenous and
improvisations
• Selection of house forms
• House position and orientation
• Rural spatial planning/ neighbourhood planning
• Emergency shelters and disaster management plan
• Tree plantation

14. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Mapping House Damage Patterns:
Adaptation
Strategies

15. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Acceptable Limit of House Damage:
• Total hazard-proof is costly
• Retaining skeleton
• Reusing building materials
Adaptation
Strategies

16. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Building Materials and Techniques:
• Using local materials
• Durability enhancement of
local materials
• Introducing appropriate
new materials and techniques
• Reusing traditional materials &
techniques
Adaptation
Strategies
Imrul Kayes Architect
77

17. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
House Form, Orientation, Spatial Planning
and Disaster Management Planning:
• Using stable roof form
• Orientation not facing wind
& water surge direction
• Compact settlements
• Rural spatial plans
• Integration with disaster
management plans
Adaptation
Strategies
4
5

18. Methodology for
Developing Design Criteria
Cost Minimization and Local Employment:
• Minimizing cost by design coordination; Group of NGOs may
have same design
• Minimizing cost by design, building material, house forms,
facility sharing
• Using local materials/ production on site
• Engaging local labours
• Enhancing Durability and recycling possibilities of building
materials
• Incremental development and future extension possibilities

19. Methodology for
Design Development
Placing Design Criteria in Local Context
Physical Aspects:
• Analysis of site and soil
• Local building materials and technologies
• Local climate and topography
• Neighborhood morphology/ clustering
6
6

20. Methodology for
Design Development
Placing Design Criteria in Local Context
Socio-Economic Aspects:
• Income of the users/ budget
• Profession/ way of living of the users
• Household size and structure
• Social/ neighborhood structure
6
6

21. Methodology for
Design Development
Placing Design Criteria in Local Context
User’s Need Identification:
• Identification of space requirements of the users
• Identify facility requirements of the user
• Financial needs
• Building maintenance training needs
6

22. Methodology for
Implementation
• Partnership of international and national
organizations
• Partnership of national and local organizations
• Building up local capacities for construction and
for quality control
• Quality assurance mechanism

23. Crosscutting
Issues
• Actors in Low-Cost Rural Housing for
Disaster Prone Areas
• Institutional Set-Up
• Quality Assurance
• Dissemination of Knowledge
• Spatial Planning/ Land-Use Planning,
Environmental Aspects and Integration
• Financing

24. Bibliography & Webography
1. Banglapedia, National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, 2006
2. Draft National Plan for Disaster Management, 2007-1015,
Govt. of Bangladesh, May 2007
3. Bangladesh Water Development Board Website,
http://www.bwdb.gov.bd/
4. How to Build a Safer Shelter, UN-HABITAT
5. Integrating Disaster Mitigation into Urban Planning
Practices in India, RiskRed 2007
6. Unpublished B. Arch Thesis on ‘Designed a fishermen village
at Shitakundu, Chittagong, M. Shamsuzzaman, BUET 1992
7. Handbook on Design and Construction of Housing for Flood
Prone Rural Areas of Bangladesh, ADPC, January 2005

25. Bibliography & Webography
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:House_of_Khasia_Tribe_in_Jaflong
_Sylhet_Bangladesh_06.JPG
http://southasiaspeaks.wordpress.com/2009/09/19/conflicts-people-of-
chittagong-hill-tracts-cht-of-bangladesh/
www.flickr.com/photos/trustedsign/3638457059/
http://www.tslr.net/2007/07/mud-houses-of-bangladesh.html
www.globalwelfare.net/housing-rural.htm
www.bbc.co.uk/.../science/connect_20021113.shtml
www.galenfrysinger.com/chakma.htm
http://www.redcross.org.uk/uploads/images/bangladesh%20house%232%23.jpg
http://crs-blog.org/bangladesh-cyclone-searching-through-rubble/
http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/44279000/jpg/_44279786_5.jpg
http://www.bustler.net/images/uploads/waca_2008_02.jpg
http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4256093,00.html

26. Profile
Muhammad Shamsuzzaman
Education:
• Masters Student, International
Cooperation and Urban Development,
TU Darmstadt, Germany &
UPMF, France, 2008-2010
• M Sc., Urban Development Planning
and Environmental Management,
AIT, Thailald, 1995
•B. Arch, Dept. of Architecture,
BUET, Dhaka, 1992
Trainings & Study Visits:
• Internship, CRATerre-Superior School
of Architecture, Grenoble, France, 2010
• ‘Sustainable Communities Course’
Nairobi, Kenya, 2009
• ‘Project Management Training’ Ohrid,
FYRO Macedonia, 2006
• ‘Residential Course, IMAGE Branding’
The Netherlands, 2006
• Spatial Planning Study Visit, Slovenia,
2006
• ‘Certificate Course on GIS’, Dhaka, 2000
Employments:
• 2006-2008, Municipal Spatial Planning Advisor,
UN-HABITAT, Kosovo
• 2001-2006, Urban Planning & Management Specialist,
Municipal Services Project, LGED, Dhaka
• 1999-2001, Environmental Specialist, Institutional Capacity
Building Project, LGED, Dhaka
• 1998-1999, Urban Planner, Secondary Towns Infrastructure
Development Project, LGED, Dhaka
• 1996-1998, Architect, Evan Lim & Co. Ltd, Singapore
• 1995-1996, Architect, Syphya Construction Co. Ltd.
Bangkok, Thailand
• 1992-1993, Architect, Vastukalabid Ltd., Dhaka
Professional Affiliations:
• Member, Institute of Architects Bangladesh (IAB)
• Member, Bangladesh Institute of Planners (BIP)
• Member, Asian Institute of Technology Alumni Association
Contact:
shams_zaman67@yahoo.com