Aubrion Piersaw3
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The document discusses research on Alex, a parrot who was able to learn and use English words. Alex could count to six, identify colors, and demonstrate numerical abilities comparable to chimpanzees. The study of Alex suggests that language development is not uniquely human, as he was able to communicate with humans using speech instead of just bird calls. Alex seemed to think and learn like humans in some ways, such as categorizing information using prototypes or exemplars.
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The document discusses research on chimpanzee communication abilities compared to human language. It provides examples of chimpanzees like Kanzi learning lexigrams and gestures to communicate, and evidence they can understand spoken words and follow novel instructions. However, the document also discusses key differences in chimpanzee and human linguistic abilities. Chimpanzees lack full syntax and are unable to learn or create complete sentences. Genetic research on the FOXP2 gene suggests it plays an important role in the development of human language abilities not present in chimpanzees. While chimpanzees show intelligence and can communicate, their linguistic capabilities are inferior to humans and they lack the innate ability to truly learn or acquire language.
Assignment on Sapirz definitaion of language
The document critiques Edward Sapir's definition of language by arguing that language is not purely human, as animals also communicate symbolically through sounds, smells, gestures, and more. It also analyzes whether language is instinctive or learned, presenting arguments on both sides by citing scholars like Chomsky, Darwin, and Sampson. Ultimately, the document concludes that Sapir was incorrect to say language is purely human, and that the nature vs nurture debate around language being instinctive or learned remains unresolved.
animal behaviour topic reasoning.PPTX
This document discusses animal reasoning and problem-solving abilities. It provides definitions of reasoning and discusses topics like cognitive bias, language, insight, numeracy, sapience, theory of mind and consciousness in animals. Examples are given of chimpanzees and crows demonstrating causal reasoning abilities. Studies show animals can understand words and simple sentences, though they cannot generate new sentences. Insightful problem-solving has been seen in chimpanzees and elephants. Some animals can represent small quantities and transmit numerical information. Research suggests certain whales and dolphins exhibit traits of sapience like complex emotions. Studies on ravens provide evidence of theory of mind in non-human species. The mirror test is discussed as a way to study
Case study
The document discusses research on language acquisition in primates. Researchers debate whether language is unique to humans or if it appears in other animals as well. Dr. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh studies chimpanzees and bonobos at the Language Research Center, including a bonobo named Kanzi. Kanzi was raised in an English-speaking environment and can understand and communicate using symbols, demonstrating an ability to acquire human language without direct training. However, some psychologists disagree and believe Kanzi was trained rather than naturally acquiring language.
Animal language
Central University of Ecuador has a Faculty of Philosophy, Literature, and Science. It also has a Language School. The document discusses animal communication systems, including those of bees, dolphins, and monkeys. While bees and dolphins demonstrate communication, it is difficult to say if they have true language. Monkeys' language abilities are more complex and unclear.
Animal communication and human language
This document discusses animal communication and how it compares to human language. It outlines several key properties of human language, including reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, and cultural transmission. While some animals can communicate, their systems have limitations and do not demonstrate true language. Research with great apes that were taught sign language provided some evidence of language abilities, but their communication remained limited. The parrot Alex provided the best evidence that an animal may acquire elements of language, as he learned hundreds of words and could use them productively in novel combinations. However, animal communication systems differ fundamentally from human language.
ANIMALS AND HUMAN LANGUAGE.pptx
The document discusses the differences between human language and animal communication. It outlines six key properties of human language: reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, duality, and cultural transmission. These properties, such as the ability to reflect on language and communicate about things not present, distinguish human language from animal signals and cues. The document also discusses studies that attempted to teach chimpanzees human language through raising them like human children or using sign language, but found chimpanzees still lack the physical ability to articulate human sounds.
Picture of cladogram will help to elaborate better.Albert Einstein.pdf
Picture of cladogram will help to elaborate better.
Albert Einstein – He had a clear logical way of solving problems with great analytical abilities.
Betty the crow – She had humanlike ability to invent/make and use tools. She solved a new
problem with a novel solution.
Cheetah the monkey – He had human like ability to be compassionate. He loved listening to
music and understand human emotions well.
Alex the parrot – He had great cognitive abilities and could identify 50 different objects and
recognize quantities up to six, differentiate between seven colors and five shapes, and understand
the concepts of , same/different, none, bigger-smaller.
Bina48 was humanoid robot with ability to strike a conversation with humans with expressive
facial gestures.
Flipper the dolphin – the dolphin has all humanlike senses of smell, touch, taste, hearing and
vision and can respond to various vocals and music. Also, they can hear sound with much higher
frequency than humans.
Solution
Picture of cladogram will help to elaborate better.
Albert Einstein – He had a clear logical way of solving problems with great analytical abilities.
Betty the crow – She had humanlike ability to invent/make and use tools. She solved a new
problem with a novel solution.
Cheetah the monkey – He had human like ability to be compassionate. He loved listening to
music and understand human emotions well.
Alex the parrot – He had great cognitive abilities and could identify 50 different objects and
recognize quantities up to six, differentiate between seven colors and five shapes, and understand
the concepts of , same/different, none, bigger-smaller.
Bina48 was humanoid robot with ability to strike a conversation with humans with expressive
facial gestures.
Flipper the dolphin – the dolphin has all humanlike senses of smell, touch, taste, hearing and
vision and can respond to various vocals and music. Also, they can hear sound with much higher
frequency than humans..
Recommended
Gg
The document discusses research on chimpanzee communication abilities compared to human language. It provides examples of chimpanzees like Kanzi learning lexigrams and gestures to communicate, and evidence they can understand spoken words and follow novel instructions. However, the document also discusses key differences in chimpanzee and human linguistic abilities. Chimpanzees lack full syntax and are unable to learn or create complete sentences. Genetic research on the FOXP2 gene suggests it plays an important role in the development of human language abilities not present in chimpanzees. While chimpanzees show intelligence and can communicate, their linguistic capabilities are inferior to humans and they lack the innate ability to truly learn or acquire language.
Assignment on Sapirz definitaion of language
The document critiques Edward Sapir's definition of language by arguing that language is not purely human, as animals also communicate symbolically through sounds, smells, gestures, and more. It also analyzes whether language is instinctive or learned, presenting arguments on both sides by citing scholars like Chomsky, Darwin, and Sampson. Ultimately, the document concludes that Sapir was incorrect to say language is purely human, and that the nature vs nurture debate around language being instinctive or learned remains unresolved.
animal behaviour topic reasoning.PPTX
This document discusses animal reasoning and problem-solving abilities. It provides definitions of reasoning and discusses topics like cognitive bias, language, insight, numeracy, sapience, theory of mind and consciousness in animals. Examples are given of chimpanzees and crows demonstrating causal reasoning abilities. Studies show animals can understand words and simple sentences, though they cannot generate new sentences. Insightful problem-solving has been seen in chimpanzees and elephants. Some animals can represent small quantities and transmit numerical information. Research suggests certain whales and dolphins exhibit traits of sapience like complex emotions. Studies on ravens provide evidence of theory of mind in non-human species. The mirror test is discussed as a way to study
Case study
The document discusses research on language acquisition in primates. Researchers debate whether language is unique to humans or if it appears in other animals as well. Dr. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh studies chimpanzees and bonobos at the Language Research Center, including a bonobo named Kanzi. Kanzi was raised in an English-speaking environment and can understand and communicate using symbols, demonstrating an ability to acquire human language without direct training. However, some psychologists disagree and believe Kanzi was trained rather than naturally acquiring language.
Animal language
Central University of Ecuador has a Faculty of Philosophy, Literature, and Science. It also has a Language School. The document discusses animal communication systems, including those of bees, dolphins, and monkeys. While bees and dolphins demonstrate communication, it is difficult to say if they have true language. Monkeys' language abilities are more complex and unclear.
Animal communication and human language
This document discusses animal communication and how it compares to human language. It outlines several key properties of human language, including reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, and cultural transmission. While some animals can communicate, their systems have limitations and do not demonstrate true language. Research with great apes that were taught sign language provided some evidence of language abilities, but their communication remained limited. The parrot Alex provided the best evidence that an animal may acquire elements of language, as he learned hundreds of words and could use them productively in novel combinations. However, animal communication systems differ fundamentally from human language.
ANIMALS AND HUMAN LANGUAGE.pptx
The document discusses the differences between human language and animal communication. It outlines six key properties of human language: reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, duality, and cultural transmission. These properties, such as the ability to reflect on language and communicate about things not present, distinguish human language from animal signals and cues. The document also discusses studies that attempted to teach chimpanzees human language through raising them like human children or using sign language, but found chimpanzees still lack the physical ability to articulate human sounds.
Picture of cladogram will help to elaborate better.Albert Einstein.pdf
Picture of cladogram will help to elaborate better.
Albert Einstein – He had a clear logical way of solving problems with great analytical abilities.
Betty the crow – She had humanlike ability to invent/make and use tools. She solved a new
problem with a novel solution.
Cheetah the monkey – He had human like ability to be compassionate. He loved listening to
music and understand human emotions well.
Alex the parrot – He had great cognitive abilities and could identify 50 different objects and
recognize quantities up to six, differentiate between seven colors and five shapes, and understand
the concepts of , same/different, none, bigger-smaller.
Bina48 was humanoid robot with ability to strike a conversation with humans with expressive
facial gestures.
Flipper the dolphin – the dolphin has all humanlike senses of smell, touch, taste, hearing and
vision and can respond to various vocals and music. Also, they can hear sound with much higher
frequency than humans.
Solution
Picture of cladogram will help to elaborate better.
Albert Einstein – He had a clear logical way of solving problems with great analytical abilities.
Betty the crow – She had humanlike ability to invent/make and use tools. She solved a new
problem with a novel solution.
Cheetah the monkey – He had human like ability to be compassionate. He loved listening to
music and understand human emotions well.
Alex the parrot – He had great cognitive abilities and could identify 50 different objects and
recognize quantities up to six, differentiate between seven colors and five shapes, and understand
the concepts of , same/different, none, bigger-smaller.
Bina48 was humanoid robot with ability to strike a conversation with humans with expressive
facial gestures.
Flipper the dolphin – the dolphin has all humanlike senses of smell, touch, taste, hearing and
vision and can respond to various vocals and music. Also, they can hear sound with much higher
frequency than humans..
Animal and human language
The document discusses differences between human and animal language. While animals can be trained to respond to basic commands or signs, extensive research with chimpanzees and gorillas found they lack the physical ability and cognitive capacity for human speech and language. Experiments with chimpanzees showed they could mimic signs or shapes for rewards but not engage in true linguistic behavior or conversations. The conclusion is that while animals use sounds to communicate, they do not possess human language abilities.
Great Ape Language
Great apes like gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees and bonobos have shown an ability to develop language skills by learning sign language or symbols representing words. Researchers have taught great apes to understand complex sentences, ask questions, and combine words in a grammatically correct way. Some great apes like Koko the gorilla and Kanzi the bonobo even learned language skills spontaneously without formal training.
Non-human communication-a-language society.pptx
Animal languages show some similarities to human language in their use of signs and signals to communicate, though they are generally not as complex or expressive. While animals can convey various messages, such as warnings or the location of food, they lack a key component of human language which is the ability to create novel combinations and patterns. Research on teaching animal sign language has shown some success, with chimpanzees able to learn and combine hundreds of signs, but they have not shown the ability to truly master language structure and syntax in the same way humans can.
Origin of language
The document discusses several hypotheses for the origins of human language:
1) Language may have evolved from early warning signals or instructions used during activities like hunting.
2) Language developed through cooperative efforts like chanting to coordinate tasks like moving stones.
3) Some hypothesize that the need to deceive and lie drove the development of language for selfish purposes.
4) Physical features like teeth, lips, larynx, and tongue evolved in ways that enabled a wide variety of speech sounds. Hand gestures may also have preceded language development.
5) The human brain is lateralized and specialized for language acquisition, supporting the idea that humans have an innate ability for language.
Language evolution: A Brief Survey
This document provides an overview of the evolution of human language based on available research. It discusses several key points:
1) There is no direct evidence of the origins of spoken language in early human ancestors, leading to various theories about how language emerged.
2) Comparisons of human and primate anatomy and brain size indicate that humans have slower development and longer childhood dependency compared to other primates like chimpanzees.
3) Darwin proposed that language origins involved the imitation and modification of natural sounds and gestures between early humans and other animals.
4) Children across cultures acquire language through similar stages from cooing to one-word, two-word, and multiple word sentences, showing language is
Pinker Chapter 3 Presentation
The document discusses Steven Pinker's argument that thought is not dependent on or the same as language. It summarizes Pinker's view that people think in a "language of thought" called mentalese, not in any specific spoken language. Pinker cites examples showing how thoughts can occur without words, such as when people misspeak or babies think before speaking. The document also examines studies that questioned claims that aspects of language shape thought.
Handout animal language
1) Bees communicate the location of food sources to other bees through two types of dances performed inside the hive - a round dance indicates nearby food less than 10 meters away, while a tail-wagging dance provides information on the direction and distance of more distant food sources over 10 meters away.
2) Researchers study animal communication systems to determine if they exhibit features of human language such as being semantic, arbitrary, discrete, displaced, and productive. While animals communicate information, their systems generally lack one or more of these features to be considered a full language.
3) Experiments on animal communication help us better understand animals and may provide insights into the nature and origins of human language. Bees, primates,
Animal alphabet
This lesson plan teaches students about the animal alphabet by having them identify animals that begin with each letter of the alphabet. Students will watch a video that shows animals grouped by their starting letters. They will then be divided into groups to review letter sounds and identify animal names. Each student will select a letter to draw a picture of an animal starting with that letter. The drawings will be compiled into an alphabet book. The lesson aims to help students understand the alphabet, letter sounds, and classify animals by their features.
Bio context language
Language in its biological context. A presentation to the PBET 1101 participants, Semester 1 AY 2010-2011 at the Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
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Animal and human language
The document discusses differences between human and animal language. While animals can be trained to respond to basic commands or signs, extensive research with chimpanzees and gorillas found they lack the physical ability and cognitive capacity for human speech and language. Experiments with chimpanzees showed they could mimic signs or shapes for rewards but not engage in true linguistic behavior or conversations. The conclusion is that while animals use sounds to communicate, they do not possess human language abilities.
Great Ape Language
Great apes like gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees and bonobos have shown an ability to develop language skills by learning sign language or symbols representing words. Researchers have taught great apes to understand complex sentences, ask questions, and combine words in a grammatically correct way. Some great apes like Koko the gorilla and Kanzi the bonobo even learned language skills spontaneously without formal training.
Non-human communication-a-language society.pptx
Animal languages show some similarities to human language in their use of signs and signals to communicate, though they are generally not as complex or expressive. While animals can convey various messages, such as warnings or the location of food, they lack a key component of human language which is the ability to create novel combinations and patterns. Research on teaching animal sign language has shown some success, with chimpanzees able to learn and combine hundreds of signs, but they have not shown the ability to truly master language structure and syntax in the same way humans can.
Origin of language
The document discusses several hypotheses for the origins of human language:
1) Language may have evolved from early warning signals or instructions used during activities like hunting.
2) Language developed through cooperative efforts like chanting to coordinate tasks like moving stones.
3) Some hypothesize that the need to deceive and lie drove the development of language for selfish purposes.
4) Physical features like teeth, lips, larynx, and tongue evolved in ways that enabled a wide variety of speech sounds. Hand gestures may also have preceded language development.
5) The human brain is lateralized and specialized for language acquisition, supporting the idea that humans have an innate ability for language.
Language evolution: A Brief Survey
This document provides an overview of the evolution of human language based on available research. It discusses several key points:
1) There is no direct evidence of the origins of spoken language in early human ancestors, leading to various theories about how language emerged.
2) Comparisons of human and primate anatomy and brain size indicate that humans have slower development and longer childhood dependency compared to other primates like chimpanzees.
3) Darwin proposed that language origins involved the imitation and modification of natural sounds and gestures between early humans and other animals.
4) Children across cultures acquire language through similar stages from cooing to one-word, two-word, and multiple word sentences, showing language is
Pinker Chapter 3 Presentation
The document discusses Steven Pinker's argument that thought is not dependent on or the same as language. It summarizes Pinker's view that people think in a "language of thought" called mentalese, not in any specific spoken language. Pinker cites examples showing how thoughts can occur without words, such as when people misspeak or babies think before speaking. The document also examines studies that questioned claims that aspects of language shape thought.
Handout animal language
1) Bees communicate the location of food sources to other bees through two types of dances performed inside the hive - a round dance indicates nearby food less than 10 meters away, while a tail-wagging dance provides information on the direction and distance of more distant food sources over 10 meters away.
2) Researchers study animal communication systems to determine if they exhibit features of human language such as being semantic, arbitrary, discrete, displaced, and productive. While animals communicate information, their systems generally lack one or more of these features to be considered a full language.
3) Experiments on animal communication help us better understand animals and may provide insights into the nature and origins of human language. Bees, primates,
Animal alphabet
This lesson plan teaches students about the animal alphabet by having them identify animals that begin with each letter of the alphabet. Students will watch a video that shows animals grouped by their starting letters. They will then be divided into groups to review letter sounds and identify animal names. Each student will select a letter to draw a picture of an animal starting with that letter. The drawings will be compiled into an alphabet book. The lesson aims to help students understand the alphabet, letter sounds, and classify animals by their features.
Bio context language
Language in its biological context. A presentation to the PBET 1101 participants, Semester 1 AY 2010-2011 at the Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
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Aubrion Piersaw3
- 1. Aubrion Piersawl November 6, 2014 PSY 100-060 Writing Assignment 2 Alex Based on the study of Alex the parrot, I feel language is normal to human animals. In the study of Alex, Alex was able to speak 150 words, could do math, and recognize colors. For non-human animals that is not normal, he is the only parrot studied that can do that. When the study was conducted they tried testing another parrot the same way and got different results. That’s how they knew that Alex was different and to be classified as a human animal. Language development is a complex cognitive skill and Alex was able to use it to communicate with humans not just other parrots. Granted he wasn’t taught it in the same time frame as humans but he was still able to learn it. He was able to distinguish speech sounds and instead of squawking like a bird he could actually speak and understand what was said to him. Alex was very intelligent for a bird, he was almost functioning like a human, responding to questions, understanding the colors and how to differ them and math. Alex and a chimpanzee are the only non-humans to be able to show the numerical value of a summed set, something that was thought to depend on language. Humans use both prototypes and exemplars when categorizing information and I feel that Alex did that exact thing. Alex used more of prototypes to help him because that involved images. For example, when asked which color had five blocks he answered correctly cause he was able to visual see the different colors and was also able to count.
- 2. Work Cited: Alex the Parrot's Posthumous Paper Shows His Mathematical Genius. (n.d.). Retrieved November 7, 2014. Language, Thought, and Intelligence. (2014). In <i>Introducing Psychology With Dsm5 Update Launchpad 6 Month Access Card</i> (2nd ed., p. 489). Worth Pub.