3. • GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL (1822-
84)
• AN AUSTRALIAN MONK
• FATHER OF GENETICS
4. EARLY LIFE HISTORY
Born in a peasant family on 20 July 1822
Early education in a monastery
Studied science and mathematics at university of Vienna, from 1851 to 1853.
Returned to monastery in 1853 and there he teaches science and maths
In 1854 he began a series of breeding experiments with garden pea Pisum
satium . To learn about mechanism of heredity
He discovered some fundamental principles of genetics.
His findings are now known as Mendel's law of inheritance
Law of dominance, law of segregation and law of independent assortment.
5. EDUCATION AND EARLY CAREER
Born in a peasant family
his grammer school studies completed in 1840
Entered 2year programme of philosophy at philosophical
institute of university of olmutz
Later joined Altbrin monastery as a novitiate of Augustinian
order
In 1850 went to university of Vienna for 2 years
6. CONT.
He has also studied the anatomy and physiology of plants and
use of microscope under botanist Franz Unger.
1853 he returned to monastery of Brunn
1854 he plan major experimental program in hybridization
He discovered fundamental principles of genetics
7.
8. CONTRIBTIONS
Father of genetics
discovered fundamental laws of inheritance
Mendel tracked the segregation of parent genes and their appearance in
the offspring as dominant or recessive traits
He conducted hybridization experiments on around 29,000 pea plants
He investigated the inheritance pattern of 7 pairs of contrasting
characters
His experiments published in 1866 in “experiments on plant hybrids”
His conclusions are known as Mendelism.
9. MENDELS LAW OF INHERITANCE
His breeding experiments are summarized under 3 laws.
1. LAW OF DOMINANCE
Out of a pair of contrasting characters present together, only
one is able to express itself while the other remain suppressed.
The one that is expressed is dominant and other that is
unexpressed is recessive.
10. 2. LAW OF SEGREGATION
The two members of a pair f factors separate during the
formation of gamates. They donot blend but segregate or
separate into different gamates.
11. 3. LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
When there are two pairs of contrasting characters the
distribution of the members of one pair into the
gamates is independent of the distribution of the other
pair
