Volcanic eruptions occur when pressure from magma and gases below the Earth's surface becomes too great. There are several types of eruptions that vary in intensity from gentle to explosive. Eruptions can endanger nearby populations by emitting ash, lava, mudflows and toxic gases which require evacuations. Additional effects include damage to property, landscapes, and negative impacts to the atmosphere like ozone depletion from high-altitude ash. Safety tips for those living near active volcanoes include being prepared to quickly evacuate if instructed, having emergency supplies, and protecting indoor air quality from ash during a non-evacuation.

1. VOLCANIC
ERUPTION
(PROCESS, TYPES,
EFFECTS. AND
SAFETY TIPS)
TYPES OF VOLCANIC
ERUPTION
STROMBOLIAN ERUPTION
VULCANIAN ERUPTION
PLINIAN ERUPTION
PELEAN ERUPTION
A VOLCANO IS A MOUNTAIN
WHERE LAVA (HOT, LIQUID
ROCK) COMES FROM A MAGMA
CHAMBER UNDER THE
GROUND. MOST VOLCANOSE
HAVE A VOLCANIC CRATER AT
THE TOP.THE MATERIALS
INCLUDE LAVA, STEAM,
GASEOUS SULFUR COMPOUNDS
ASH AND BROKEN ROCK
PIECES.
WHEN THERE IS ENOUGH
PRESSURE IT CAUSES THE
VOLCANO TO ERUPT. THE
PRESSURE BLOWS OFF THE
TOP OF THE VOLCANO. THE
MAGMA COMES OUT
SOMETIMES QUICKLY AND
SOMETIMES SLOWLY.

2. EFFECTS
ERUPTIONS OCCURRING CLOSE
TO HUMAN SETTLEMENTS MAY
DESTROY LIVES AND PROPERTY.
PEOPLE OFTEN HAVE TO BE
EVACUATED.
EXAMPLE; CHAPARRASTIQUE
VOLCANO IN EL SALVADOR
STARTED ERUPTING ON 9
DEC.2013. ANYONE LIVING
WITHIN 2 MILES OF THE
VOLCANO IS EVACUATED.
ASH DISCHARGED VERY HIGH IN
THE STRATOSPHERE CAN HAVE
NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES ON
THE OZONE LAYER.
ASH AND MUD CAN MIX WITH
RAIN AND MELTING
SNOW,FORMING LAHARS ARE
MUDFLOWS FLOWING AT VERY
FAST VELOCITY.
LANDSCAPES AND NATURAL
SCENERIES CAN BE DESTROYED.
SAFETY TIPS
STAY AWAY FROM ACTIVE
VOLCANOES
IF YOU LIVE NEAR AN ACTIVE
VOLCANO KEEP GOOGLES AND
A MASK IN AN EMERGENCY KIT
ALONG WITH A FLASHLIGTH.
KNOW YOUR EVACUATION
ROUTE. KEEP GAS IN YOUR CAR.
BEFORE YOU LEAVE THE HOUSE
CHANGE INTO LONG SLEEVED
SHIRTS AND LONG PANTS.
IF YOU ARE NOT EVACUATING
CLOSE WINDOWS AND DOORS
AND BLOCK CHIMNEYS AND
OTHER VENTS TO PREVENT ASH
FROM COMING INTO THE
HOUSE.
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS ARE
VERY LOCAL
PHENOMENA. AT
ANY GIVEN EPOCH
THEY ARE CONFINED
TO A FEW
LOCALITIES OF VERY
SMALL RELATIVE
EXTENT.