1. National climate pledges submitted for COP21 and
coverage in terms of energy-related CO2 emissions in 2013
2. Analytical question: what does the COP21 tell us about
the world economy and governance today ?
I. Analyze what is at stakes
II. Who are the main actors of the negotiation and their powers?
But also the actors of the actions afterwards?
III. A new world? Did COP21 open a new way of fighting climate
change or is it just another something.
4. I.Analyze what is at stakes
The 21st Conference of the Parties is held
in Paris from Nov. 30 till Dec.11.
195 nations signed the Paris Agreement
to limit nations’ greenhouse gas
emissions to pre-industrial levels.
to strengthen the ability to deal with the
impact of a changing climate
5. What happened? What were the axes of the
discussion?
• UN said the goal of COP21 is:
• ...for the first time in over 20 years of
UN negociation, aim to achieve a
legally binding and universal
agreement on climate, with the aim of
keeping global warming below 2
degree Celsius.
6. The Paris Agreement and the outcoms of the COP21 cover all the crucial
areas identified as essential for a landmark conclusion:
• Mitigation-reducing emissions fast enough to achieve the temperature goal
• A transparency system and global stock-take-according for climate action
• Adaption-strengthening ability of countries to deal with climate impacts
• Loss and damage-strengthing ability to recover from climate impacts
What was decided and why is it depicted as such
a success?
7. What was decided and why is it depicted as such
a success?
French President Francois Hollande told the assembled
delegates:
“You’ve done it, reached an ambitious agrement, a
binding agreement, a universal agreement. Never will I
able to express more gratitude to a conference. You can
be proud to stand before your children and
grandchildren.”
8. Who signed it and how to ensure everything?
• 195 countries signed the Paris Agreement
• Countries were taking to COP21 the emission pledges
• Developed countries would face “consequences for compliance”, for
example, if they failed to live up to their pledges.
• Developing countries would be reviewed in a manner “according to the
level of support received from developed country parties“
9. II. Who are the main actors
of the negotiation?
And the actors of the action afterwards
11. Who decide now? Who get the real power?
• The case of countries of Golf
• Saudi Arabia and the
“sustainable energies”
• Multinational firms lobbies
and “net-zero emissions”
False solution and
greenwashing
Air transport industry
Is the world really ready to give up on fossil fuels?
12. Who decide now? Who get the real
power?
COP of
Multinational?
13. A new place for civilians
• A chance for them to be a part of it and check if the governments will really
hold their promises
“Our job is to make viable the alternative and have It ready. If we’ve really
done our homework, we could scale this thing in a flash” Andy Lipkis
14. “It’s true that it is on a small scale, but from the time when the
governments do not really implement the agreements in which they
participate in major conferences, finally isn’t it more interesting to
work on smaller actions that could spread?”
A new place for civilians
Rima Tarabay
15. The place of new technologies
• Technologies innovation is now a part
of the world evolution
• New technologies can make the
difference
• Critical in moving forward towards
achieving the 2°C target
• People are waiting for them, asking
for them to do new things
“In the long run the solution to global warming
will have to be found in new technologies”
John FITZGERALD
16. “We must make big bets on new clean-energy technologies”
Bill Gates
The place of new technologies
17. III. A new world ? Innovation and Set Backs of
the COP21
From The new status of Nature to the non revolution of
Capitalism
18. The new Status of Nature, Bruno Latour’s
concept
• Placing Nature as an “Actant” in Politics
• Re integrate questions we used to leave to scientist
• Impossible now more than ever to think without
Nature
“A world in which the possibility of a war is utterly
eliminated, a completely pacified gobs, would be a
world without the distinction of friend and enemy and
hence a world without politics” . Bruno Latour
19. International agreement ? A Picture of how
the world sees itself
The World is grouped in 3 categories:
• Small Island Developing Countries
• Least Developed countries and Developing Countries (happy to know
Qatar is there)
• Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD+
European Union/Eu Countries+ Unofficial Umbrella Group/Non-EU
Countries+ Environmental Integrity Group/EIG+Brics)
21. The problem of non compensation
• The small cannot force the biggest
• Cooperation alone, should not
wipe out obligation
• Regarding issues like:
displacement, loss of land… they
are alone
23. Capitalism, the real actor of global warming ?
Capitalism a twofold concept:
• Needs stability
• But it is to its core instable and volatile
• The “creative destruction” Joseph Schumpeter
It also always carries the same actors…
24. Conclusion
The COP21:
• Shows the real actors of our world
economy
• Private sector has an important place
• A new place for scientists
Acclaimed or Booed:
• COP summits have the decency to exit
• To the view of everyone
• Citizen can watch their government and
make sure they stand by their decisions
Editor's Notes
Countries across the globe committed to create a new international climate agreement by the conclusion of the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris in December 2015. In preparation, countries have agreed to publicly outline what post-2020 climate actions they intend to take under a new international agreement, known as their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). The INDCs will largely determine whether the world achieves an ambitious 2015 agreement and is put on a path toward a low-carbon, climate-resilient future. As can be seen above, the number of countries that have submitted INDCs is impressive. All of North America has submitted INDCs, almost all of Europe, approximately 90% of Africa, two-thirds of Asia, 60% of Latin America, and one-third of the Middle East.
The reality hidden behind those group, reprensents the one that really suffer form climate chamge, the one who caused in the first place, and wish to still be alce to enjoy ut a little bit more and finally the one, that cannot really say anything in the matter, but that are still invited anyway.
