2. What is Marketing?
What does the term marketing mean? Marketing
must be understood not in the
old sense of making a sale - 'selling'
'selling' - but in the
new sense of satisfying customer
needs.
3.
4. Needs. Wants and Demands
The most basic concept underlying
marketing is that of human needs. A
human need is a state of felt
deprivation. Humans have many
complex needs. These include basic
physical needs for food, clothing,
warmth and safety; social needs for
belonging and affection; and
individual needs for knowledge and
self-expression.
5. Products and Services
People satisfy their needs and wants
with products
products. A product is anything
that can he offered to a market to
satisfy a need or want. Usually, the
word product suggests a physical
physical
object,
object, such as a car, a television set
or a bar of soap. However, the
concept of product is not limited to
physical objects - anything capable of
satisfying a need can be called a
6. Value, Satisfaction and Quality
Consumers usually face a broad array
of products
products and services
services that might
satisfy a given need. How do they
choose among these many products?
Consumers make buying choices
based on their perceptions of the
value that various products and
sendees deliver.
13. FUNCTIONS
In order for the marketing bridge to work
correctly -- providing consumers with
opportunities to purchase the products
and services they need -- the marketing
process must accomplish nine important
functions
18. Financing
banks and other financial institutions provide
money for the production and marketing of
products.
19. Storage
products must be stored and protect ed until
they are needed. This function is especially
important for perishable products such as fruits
and vegetables.
20. Transportation
products must be physically relocated to the
locations where consumers can buy them. This
is a very important function. Transportation
includes rail road, ship, airplane, truck, and
telecommunications for non-tangible products
such as market information.
24. Market Information
Information from around the world
about market conditions
market conditions, weather,
price movements, and political
changes, can affect the marketing
process. Market information is
provided by all forms of
telecommunication
telecommunication, such as
television, the internet, and phone.
25. Grading and Standardizing
Many products are graded in order to conform to
previously determined standards of quality. For
example, when you purchase US No. 1
Potatoes, you know you are buying the best
best
potatoes
potatoes on the market.