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Routes of Drug Administration

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Dr. Aryan (Anish Dhakal)
Dr. Aryan (Anish Dhakal)

Mostly we know the and injections as the route of administrating a drug. There are much more than that as we will discuss in the presentation from pharmacological point of view.

Health & Medicine
1 of 20
Prepared by: Anish Dhakal (Aryan) MBBS Student Patan Academy of Health Sciences 1
• To describe different routes of drug administration • To list out different forms of drugs 2
 It is the passage by which a drug, poison or any chemical substance is administered to the body either directly at the site of action or in the systemic circulation. 3
Local routes • Topical • Deeper tissue • Arterial supply  Oral  Sublingual  Buccal  Rectal  Cutaneous  Inhalation  Nasal  Parentral (IM, IV,SC,ID…etc) Systemic routes 4
Tropical  External application of the drugs to the surface for localized action  Eg. Lotion ,ointment, spray, cream ,drops…etc Deeper tissues • Certain deep areas can be approached • Eg. syringe , needle …etc Arterial supply • Close intra- arterial injection is used for contrast media in angiography • Eg. Anti -cancerous drug can be infused in femoral ..etc 5
Oral • Oldest and commonest • Non-invasive, painless , safer and convient • Eg. Capsule , tablet , Syrups , elixir …etc Limitations: • Action of drug is slower • May cause nausea and vomiting • Cannot be used for unconscious and uncooperative patient • First pass effect 6
7
• dosage form is placed under the tongue • Rapidly absorbed by sublingual mucosa Buccal  dosage form is placed between gums and inner lining of the cheek (buccal pouch)  Absorbed by buccal mucosa 8
 for Patient who is vomiting or in unconscious state  Absorption is slower  May result in rectal inflamation Cutaneous • Highly lipid soluble drug • Liver is bypassed 9
 Volatile liquid and gases  Absorption from alveoli’s vast surface Nasal • Absorption by nasal mucous membrane • Liver is bypassed 10
 Administration by injection  Faster and surer method in emergency  Can be employed even in unconscious state  No effect of digestive juice Disadvantage • Invasive and painfull • More risky , local tissue injury • Technical person is needed 11
 Subcutaneous  Intramoscular  Intravenous  Intradermal  Intra - artricular 12
1. oral • Tablet • Capsule • Syrup • Suspension 2. Tropical • Cream • Ointment • Lotion • Eye/ear solution , ointment 13
 Aerosol  Inhaler  Nebulizer 4. Parenteral • Vial • Ampule 5. Suppository • Vaginal ( pessary) • rectal 14
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cream 16
nebulization 17
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Routes of Drug Administration

  • 1. Prepared by: Anish Dhakal (Aryan) MBBS Student Patan Academy of Health Sciences 1
  • 2. • To describe different routes of drug administration • To list out different forms of drugs 2
  • 3.  It is the passage by which a drug, poison or any chemical substance is administered to the body either directly at the site of action or in the systemic circulation. 3
  • 4. Local routes • Topical • Deeper tissue • Arterial supply  Oral  Sublingual  Buccal  Rectal  Cutaneous  Inhalation  Nasal  Parentral (IM, IV,SC,ID…etc) Systemic routes 4
  • 5. Tropical  External application of the drugs to the surface for localized action  Eg. Lotion ,ointment, spray, cream ,drops…etc Deeper tissues • Certain deep areas can be approached • Eg. syringe , needle …etc Arterial supply • Close intra- arterial injection is used for contrast media in angiography • Eg. Anti -cancerous drug can be infused in femoral ..etc 5
  • 6. Oral • Oldest and commonest • Non-invasive, painless , safer and convient • Eg. Capsule , tablet , Syrups , elixir …etc Limitations: • Action of drug is slower • May cause nausea and vomiting • Cannot be used for unconscious and uncooperative patient • First pass effect 6
  • 7. 7
  • 8. • dosage form is placed under the tongue • Rapidly absorbed by sublingual mucosa Buccal  dosage form is placed between gums and inner lining of the cheek (buccal pouch)  Absorbed by buccal mucosa 8
  • 9.  for Patient who is vomiting or in unconscious state  Absorption is slower  May result in rectal inflamation Cutaneous • Highly lipid soluble drug • Liver is bypassed 9
  • 10.  Volatile liquid and gases  Absorption from alveoli’s vast surface Nasal • Absorption by nasal mucous membrane • Liver is bypassed 10
  • 11.  Administration by injection  Faster and surer method in emergency  Can be employed even in unconscious state  No effect of digestive juice Disadvantage • Invasive and painfull • More risky , local tissue injury • Technical person is needed 11
  • 12.  Subcutaneous  Intramoscular  Intravenous  Intradermal  Intra - artricular 12
  • 13. 1. oral • Tablet • Capsule • Syrup • Suspension 2. Tropical • Cream • Ointment • Lotion • Eye/ear solution , ointment 13
  • 14.  Aerosol  Inhaler  Nebulizer 4. Parenteral • Vial • Ampule 5. Suppository • Vaginal ( pessary) • rectal 14
  • 15. 15
  • 18. 18
  • 19. 19
  • 20. 20