BIG UPDATE FROM THE ARABIC CASH TEAMS Dear our investors! We together with you have successfully and loudly made a listing on CoinTiger, more and more large exchanges offer us cooperation and we are already negotiating with them 🔋🌎 Massive expensive marketing has been launched and it has already started working and paying off! More ads on prestigious channels including high-profile reviews on YouTube are waiting for you soon!🔥 We showed that Arabic Cash has great potential when we are together🙌👍🔥 Arabic Cash is rushing upwards gathering more and more investors and friends on its way🛫🚀 there are only big wins and new horizons ahead of us and as a result - a sharp vertical growth🤩🛫 It's about to get wild hurry up buy and hodl.. massive gains

2. “People gotta have complete control over their investments”
According to the OECD, financial services typically account for 20-30% of total service
market revenue and about 20% of total gross domestic product in developed countries.
It's a huge industry dedicated to one thing: ensuring trust in financial transactions. With
the advent of blockchain, trustless systems and smart contracts can be used to replace
much of the functionality of this industry, dramatically increasing ROI for the individual
investor.
Financial services provide important services today, but they are very expensive, and
despite many developments in financial technology, the following major challenges
remain:
Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is among the most promising markets in blockchain
technology. The demand for financial services on decentralized technology is high. The
optimistic expectations for the potential of this technology has been evident in the
appreciating valuations of tokens native to DeFi protocols.
Since the start of 2020, the value locked into DeFi has risen roughly 400%. After two
years of conservative risk-taking, crypto investors have demonstrated that they’re willing
to allocate capital to the most exciting use case of blockchain technology. Billions of
people and institutions suffer from restricted or nonexistent access to financial services.
But blockchain has extended beyond simply “banking the unbanked”. Innovators are
developing protocols on the Ethereum network that allow users to loan, borrow, and
easily transfer and trade value.
High transaction costs. Due to regulatory requirements, legacy systems with
complex interoperability and control issues from large organizations, transaction
fees are high for the average user of banking and financial services. Services that
require a broker are even more expensive as agents and other types of
intermediaries are involved.
Slow transactions, especially international transactions. While in theory computer
operations should take only a few minutes, transferring money from one institution
to another can take hours within a country and between countries it can take
several days.
Lack of transparency and unfair benefits for big players. Financial instruments are
complex and most people do not have access to information to enable them to
make the best decisions. Lack of transparency is one of the main factors that led to
the 2008 financial crisis, and in the short term it always puts small investors at a
disadvantage compared to institutional investors.
Inaccessibility and higher cost for people with low incomes. Financial services are
simply not available in many regions, and when they are available, low-income
people receive even higher fees than average.
Despite legislation aimed at reducing money laundering and related crime, there is
little evidence that the current system or AML actually curtails money laundering.
ABSTRACT:
2

3. 4 Introduction
6 Features
8 Crypto Farming & Staking
9 Liquidity Pools
11 Marketing Tools & Strategy
12 Tokenomics
13 Road Map
14 Network
21 Conclusion
Table of Contents:
3

4. WEB 3.0 ECONOMICS
In April 2018, the UAE Government launched the Emirates Blockchain Strategy 2021.
Blockchain technology is already helping the government save time, effort and
resources:
$3 billion in transactions and documents processed routinely;
398 million printed documents annually;
77 million work hours annually.
In support of the Blockchain Emirates 2021 strategy, in March 2021, separate from the
state the community of Arab developers announced the creation of the DeFi project that
allows faster and more profitable investment in the Arab World thanks to innovative
blockchain-based smart contracts.
This project was named Arabic Cash.
GLOBAL SOLUTIONS
Arabic Cash is the world's first decentralized financial instrument that works on the
principle of loans and deposits, backed by Arab capital. It aims to attract new
investments in the digital economy development of the Emirates.
More recently, excessive bureaucracy and complicated financial monitoring of the UAE,
like a giant dam, blocked investment flows from all over the world. Arabic Cash is now
ready to change this situation. Now any inhabitant of the planet can invest in the
development of the Emirates. All investments are accumulated in the decentralized
Binance Smart Chain — the most reliable and most profitable e-commerce platform
for today.
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
To invest in Arabic Cash, it is enough to purchase an ABIC token — this is a kind of
stock in the world of cryptocurrencies. The only difference is that they cannot be faked
or destroyed. That is why progressive companies and even states are already
developing tokenization of their assets.
Like any securities, tokens rise in price due to increased demand. As Arabic Cash offers
revolutionary opportunities for investing in the Arab World, financial experts predict a
sharp rise in the price of ABIC token already at the stage of Public Sales, which starts in
June 2021. And the peak performance this year, the Arabic Cash coin will reach with
access to one of the largest crypto exchanges in the world, Binance. In addition to
organic growth, investors can be guaranteed to expect 35.6% per annum for staking,
that is, for keeping the tokens in the account. These crypto dividends are available
thanks to the features of DeFi technology.
INTRODUCTION:
4

5. TECHNOLOGY
DeFi - Decentralized Finance is a new standard in the e-commerce world that is evolving
in the Web 3.0 concept. In April 2021, the capitalization of DeFi projects reached an
incredible $60 billion.
The Arabic Cash technology is based on the DeFi principle. It creates a competitive
alternative to traditional banking services. Now, in order to access your finances, you do
not need to contact the bank, pay huge service fees and waste a lot of time processing
transactions. Your assets belong only to you. In addition, blockchain technology is
capable of storing your data forever and it is not possible to falsify it.
The most important argument in favor of Arabic Cash is that the smart-contracts were
created in the most current programming language Solidity of the BEP20 protocol on
the Binance blockchain. This indicates the maximum protection against hacking, as
well as the minimum fees for transferring funds. For example, transferring $1,000,000 to
another account will take less than a minute, and the commission will be only $0.2
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
The Arabic Cash strategy is growing rapidly in a vertical direction. Already in 2021, the
project will open up additional opportunities that will make it possible to use the new
investment instrument as widely as possible:
Start of Public Sales;
Listing on DeFi exchanges; Launch of NFT token;
Listing on Binance;
Creation of own DEX ArabicSwap;
Launch of the Arabic App mobile application.
Each of these development steps makes Arabic Cash more practical in the e-commerce
sector, and therefore more attractive to investors from all over the world.
5

6. TRADE / EXCHANGE
The exchange platform is an automated market maker ("AMM") that enables two tokens
to be exchanged on the Binance Smart Chain. Different tokens are traded on our
platform.
The automated Market Maker (AMM) model means that while you can trade digital
assets on the platform, there isn't an order book where you're matched with someone
else. Instead, you trade against a liquidity pool. Those pools are filled with funds from
other users. They deposit into the pool, receiving liquidity provider (or LP) tokens in
return. They can also use those tokens to reclaim their share of funds, with a portion of
the trading fees.
EARN
Users can earn ABIC with yield farms, with Staking, and earn even more tokens with
ABIC pools.
VOTING
Voting in Arabic Cash is determined by these two parties:
Core - proposals posted by the Arabic Cash team. The results will be determined and
announced by the core team.
FEATURES:
6

7. Community - proposals posted by the Arabic Cash community that are reviewed by the
core. These are used to propose ideas and show the communities' point of view and
majority take on ideas. The Arabic Cash team reviews every community vote and will
often move any vote with strong community support up to the CORE proposal level.
EXCHANGE
Token swaps on Arabic Cash Swap are a simple way to trade one BEP-20 token for
another via automated liquidity pools.
Users can exchange tokens so quickly with just a few clicks, paying so small trading
fees.
7

8. On the farm, LP tokens can be deposited, locking them in a process that rewards you
with ABIC. You can as well earn even more by staking your ABIC in Crypto pools. The
biggest Crypto pool is simply for ABIC, where you can stake your ABIC to earn even
more ABIC. There are many more tokens one can earn by staking ABIC, so be sure to
keep an eye on the Crypto pool page.
SIMPLE SWAP UI
The liquidity available to the exchange comes from Liquidity Providers ("LPs") who stake
their tokens in "Pools." In exchange, they get ACLP (Arabic Cash Liquidity Provider)
tokens, which can be staked to earn ABIC tokens in the "farm."
CRYPTO FARMING & STAKING:
Once you've got ABIC, you can stake it in Crypto pools. You will be presented
with the pools where you can stake your ABIC.
Once that the ABIC has been staked, the staker will be earning the reward token
of the pool passively. If you like to cash out your rewards, simply click on Harvest.
When you make a token swap (trade) on the exchange, you will have to pay a
0.3% trading fee, which is broken down as follows:
0.25% - Returned to liquidity pools in the form of a fee reward for liquidity
providers.
0.05% - Sent to the Arabic Cash Treasury.
8

9. Arabic Cash pools allow users to provide liquidity by adding their tokens to the liquidity
pools or "LPs." When users add their tokens to a liquidity pool (LP), they will receive
ACLP( tokens (Arabic Cash version of liquidity provider tokens).
As an example, if you deposited ABIC and BNB into a liquidity pool, you would receive
ABIC-BNB tokens. The number of tokens you receive represents your portion of the
ABIC-BNB liquidity pool. You can as well redeem your funds at any time by removing
your liquidity.
Providing liquidity is not without risk, as you may be exposed to impermanent loss.
Simply put, impermanent loss is the difference between holding tokens in an AMM and
holding them in your wallet.
It's not all bad for liquidity providers as you will also be given a reward in the form of
trading fees. Whenever someone trades Arabic Cash, the trader pays a 0.3% fee, of
which O,25% is added to the liquidity pool of the swap pair they traded on.
LIQUIDITY POOLS AND ADDING LIQUIDITY:
FARMS
Initial Liquidity Pools (LPs) for farming ABIC tokens:
REWARD MULTIPLIERS:
BEP20 ABIC-BNB, 10x ABIC rewards
BEP20 BUSD-BNB, 3x ABIC rewards
BEP20 ETH-BNB, 1x ABIC rewards
BEP20 BTC-BNB, 1x ABIC rewards
BEP20 DOT-BNB, 1x ABIC rewards
BEP20 LINK-BNB, 1x ABIC rewards
CRYPTO POOLS
Crypto Pools allows Binance Smart Chain projects to bootstrap adoption through
distributing some portion of their tokens to ABIC token holders.
INITIAL LPS FOR FARMING ABIC:
9

10. Crypto Pool is divided into two sections: Core and Community.
The core will be initially selected by the CryptoSwap team. The community will be the
projects that pass the community vote on the governance portal where community
members can add their opinion to selected topics.
Note that any project can be able to distribute tokens via Crypto Pool, but only projects
that win a vote would be listed on the swap interface as a default option (in order to
discourage scams).
Crypto Pool projects will allow projects to receive market attention through giving tokens
to the biggest (and most active) BSC communities. These projects will also receive an
immediate default listing on the Arabic Cash interface, obtaining priority promotion on
the exchange (by ranking temporarily first in selecting tokens on the website).
10

11. TOOLS
Twitter
Blog (Medium)
Telegram groups, channels and Advert
Distributorship
YouTube Channel and crypto influencer
Crypto influencer sites
Celebrity influencers
Crypto website influencers
MARKETING STRATEGY
Partnerships:
Arabic Cash will partner with several financial institutions and blockchain companies to
promote its exchange globally.
Social Media Marketing:
Social media today is an efficient marketing strategy for every industry. Arabic Cash will
adopt all social media marketing strategies to help market its exchange and services
carried out. The platforms that will be used for paid ads include Bing, Google,
Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Telegram, etc.
Blockchain Events:
As a global exchange, Arabic Cash will host several blockchain summits in various
continents of the world. These events will bring various crypto influencers together and
thereby promoting our exchange.
Listing on Exchanges:
Arabic Cash will be listed on major top volume exchanges. Our token and exchange will
be listed on coinmarketcap, this is to enable our users to check on a regular price on
exchanges, trade our tokensг, and as well know our rar on coinmarketcap.
Word-of-Mouth:
In today's businesses, word of mouth is the most efficient marketing strategy. We will
ensure our support offers 24/7 support to our customers and users of our exchange.
This is to help us maintain good client-customer relations.
MARKETING:
11

12. Token Name: Arabic Cash
Token Symbol: ABIC
Network: Binance Smart Chain
Token Standard: BEP20
Contract: 0x4823a096382f4fa583b55d563afb9f9a58c72fc0
Total Volume: 170,000,000
Private Sale: 4,400,000
Team Tokens: 1,600,000
TOKENOMIC:
60% - Public Sale
20% - Exchange Listing
16,5% - Marketing
2.55% - Private Sale
0,95% - Team
12

13. ROAD MAP:
13

14. BINANCE SMART CHAIN
MOTIVATION
After its mainnet community launch in April 2019, Binance Chain has exhibited its high
speed and large throughput design. Binance Chain’s primary focus, its native
decentralized application (“dApp”) Binance DEX, has demonstrated its low-latency
matching with large capacity headroom by handling millions of trading volume in a short
time.
Flexibility and usability are often in an inverse relationship with performance. The
concentration on providing a convenient digital asset issuing and trading venue also
brings limitations. Binance Chain's most requested feature is the programmable
extendibility, or simply the Smart Contract and Virtual Machine functions. Digital asset
issuers and owners struggle to add new decentralized features for their assets or
introduce any sort of community governance and activities.
Despite this high demand for adding the Smart Contract feature onto Binance Chain, it
is a hard decision to make. The execution of a Smart Contract may slow down the
exchange function and add non-deterministic factors to trading. If that compromise
could be tolerated, it might be a straightforward idea to introduce a new Virtual Machine
specification based on Tendermint, based on the current underlying consensus protocol
and major RPC implementation of Binance Chain. But all these will increase the learning
requirements for all existing dApp communities, and will not be very welcomed.
We propose a parallel blockchain of the current Binance Chain to retain the high
performance of the native DEX blockchain and to support a friendly Smart Contract
function at the same time.
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
After the creation of the parallel blockchain into the Binance Chain ecosystem, two
blockchains will run side by side to provide different services. The new parallel chain will
be called “Binance Smart Chain” (short as “BSC” for the below sections), while the
existing mainnet remains named “Binance Chain” (short as “BC” for the below sections).
Here are the design principles of BSC:
NETWORK:
1.
2.
Standalone Blockchain: technically, BSC is a standalone blockchain, instead of a
layer-2 solution. Most BSC fundamental technical and business functions should
be self-contained so that it can run well even if the BC stopped for a short period.
Ethereum Compatibility: The first practical and widely-used Smart Contract
platform is Ethereum. To take advantage of the relatively mature applications and
community, BSC chooses to be compatible with the existing Ethereum mainnet.
This means most of the dApps, ecosystem components, and toolings will work
14

15. CONSENSUS AND VALIDATOR QUORUM
Based on the above design principles, the consensus protocol of BSC is to fulfill the
following goals:
PROOF OF STAKED AUTHORITY
Although Proof-of-Work (PoW) has been recognized as a practical mechanism to
implement a decentralized network, it is not friendly to the environment and also requires
a large size of participants to maintain the security.
Ethereum and some other blockchain networks, such as MATIC Bor, TOMOChain,
GoChain, xDAI, do use Proof-of-Authority(PoA) or its variants in different scenarios,
including both testnet and mainnet. PoA provides some defense to 51% attack, with
improved efficiency and tolerance to certain levels of Byzantine players (malicious or
hacked). It serves as an easy choice to pick as the fundamentals.
Meanwhile, the PoA protocol is most criticized for being not as decentralized as PoW,
as the validators, i.e. the nodes that take turns to produce blocks, have all the
authorities and are prone to corruption and security attacks. Other blockchains, such as
EOS and Lisk both, introduce different types of Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) to
allow the token holders to vote and elect the validator set. It increases the
decentralization and favors community governance.
with BSC and require zero or minimum changes; BSC node will require similar (or
a bit higher) hardware specification and skills to run and operate. The
implementation should leave room for BSC to catch up with further Ethereum
upgrades.
Staking Involved Consensus and Governance: Staking-based consensus is more
environmentally friendly and leaves more flexible option to the community
governance. Expectedly, this consensus should enable better network
performance over proof-of-work blockchain system, i.e., faster blocking time and
higher transaction capacity.
Native Cross-Chain Communication: both BC and BSC will be implemented with
native support for cross-chain communication among the two blockchains. The
communication protocol should be bi-directional, decentralized, and trustless. It
will concentrate on moving digital assets between BC and BSC, i.e., BEP2
tokens, and eventually, other BEP tokens introduced later. The protocol should
care for the minimum of other items stored in the state of the blockchains, with
only a few exceptions.
Blocking time should be shorter than Ethereum network, e.g. 5 seconds or even
shorter.
It requires limited time to confirm the finality of transactions, e.g. around 1-min
level or shorter.
There is no inflation of native token: BNB, the block reward is collected from
transaction fees, and it will be paid in BNB.
It is compatible with Ethereum system as much as possible.
It allows modern proof-of-stake blockchain network governance.
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4.
15

16. VALIDATOR QUORUM
In the genesis stage, a few trusted nodes will run as the initial Validator Set. After the
blocking starts, anyone can compete to join as candidates to elect as a validator. The
staking status decides the top 21 most staked nodes to be the next validator set, and
such an election will repeat every 24 hours.
BNB is the token used to stake for BSC.
In order to remain as compatible as Ethereum and upgradeable to future consensus
protocols to be developed, BSC chooses to rely on the BC for staking management
(Please refer to the below “Staking and Governance” section). There is a dedicated
staking module for BSC on BC. It will accept BSC staking from BNB holders and
calculate the highest staked node set. Upon every UTC midnight, BC will issue a
verifiable ValidatorSetUpdate cross-chain message to notify BSC to update its validator
set.
While producing further blocks, the existing BSC validators check whether there is a
ValidatorSetUpdate message relayed onto BSC periodically. If there is, they will update
the validator set after an epoch period, i.e. a predefined number of blocking time. For
example, if BSC produces a block every 5 seconds, and the epoch period is 240
blocks, then the current validator set will check and update the validator set for the next
epoch in 1200 seconds (20 minutes).
SECURITY AND FINALITY
Given there are more than ½*N+1 validators are honest, PoA based networks usually
work securely and properly. However, there are still cases where certain amount
Byzantine validators may still manage to attack the network, e.g. through the “Clone
Attack”. To secure as much as BC, BSC users are encouraged to wait until receiving
blocks sealed by more than *N+1 different validators. In that way, the BSC can be
trusted at a similar security level to BC and can tolerate less than *N Byzantine
validators.
With 21 validators, if the block time is 5 seconds, the *N+1 different validator seals will
need a time period of ( *21+1)*5 = 75 seconds. Any critical applications for BSC may
have to wait for *N+1 to ensure a relatively secure finality. However, besides such
arrangement, BSC does introduce Slashing logic to penalize Byzantine validators for
double signing or inavailability, which will be covered in the “Staking and Governance”
section later. This Slashing logic will expose the malicious validators in a very short time
and make the “Clone Attack” very hard or extremely non-beneficial to execute. With this
enhancement, ½*N+1 or even fewer blocks are enough as confirmation for most
transactions.
BSC here proposes to combine DPoS and PoA for consensus, so that:
Blocks are produced by a limited set of validators
Validators take turns to produce blocks in a PoA manner, similar to Ethereum’s
Clique consensus design
Validator set are elected in and out based on a staking based governance
1.
2.
3.
16

17. REWARD
All the BSC validators in the current validator set will be rewarded with transaction fees
in BNB. As BNB is not an inflationary token, there will be no mining rewards as what
Bitcoin and Ethereum network generate, and the gas fee is the major reward for
validators. As BNB is also utility tokens with other use cases, delegators and validators
will still enjoy other benefits of holding BNB.
The reward for validators is the fees collected from transactions in each block. Validators
can decide how much to give back to the delegators who stake their BNB to them, in
order to attract more staking. Every validator will take turns to produce the blocks in the
same probability (if they stick to 100% liveness), thus, in the long run, all the stable
validators may get a similar size of the reward. Meanwhile, the stakes on each validator
may be different, so this brings a counter-intuitive situation that more users trust and
delegate to one validator, they potentially get less reward. So rational delegators will
tend to delegate to the one with fewer stakes as long as the validator is still trustful
(insecure validator may bring slashable risk). In the end, the stakes on all the validators
will have less variation. This will actually prevent the stake concentration and “winner
wins forever” problem seen on some other networks.
Some parts of the gas fee will also be rewarded to relayers for Cross-Chain
communication. Please refer to the “Relayers” section below.
TOKEN ECONOMY
BC and BSC share the same token universe for ABIC and BEP2 tokens. This defines:
NATIVE TOKEN
ABIC will run on BSC in the same way as ETH runs on Ethereum so that it remains as
“native token” for both BSC and BC. This means, in addition to BNB is used to pay
most of the fees on Binance Chain and Binance DEX, BNB will be also used to:
OTHER TOKENS
BC supports BEP2 tokens and upcoming BEP8 tokens, which are native assets
transferrable and tradable (if listed) via fast transactions and sub-second finality.
The same token can circulate on both networks, and flow between them
bi-directionally via a cross-chain communication mechanism.
The total circulation of the same token should be managed across the two
networks, i.e. the total effective supply of a token should be the sum of the
token’s total effective supply on both BSC and BC.
The tokens can be initially created on BSC in a similar format as ERC20 token
standard, or on BC as a BEP2, then created on the other. There are native ways
on both networks to link the two and secure the total supply of the token.
1.
2.
3.
pay “fees“ to deploy smart contracts on BSC
stake on selected BSC validators, and get corresponding rewards
perform cross-chain operations, such as transfer token assets across BC and
BSC
1.
2.
3.
17

18. Meanwhile, as BSC is Ethereum compatible, it is natural to support ERC20 tokens on
BSC, which here is called “BEP2E” (with the real name to be introduced by the future
BEPs,it potentially covers BEP8 as well). BEP2E may be “Enhanced” by adding a few
more methods to expose more information, such as token denomination, decimal
precision definition and the owner address who can decide the Token Binding across
the chains. BSC and BC work together to ensure that one token can circulate in both
formats with confirmed total supply and be used in different use cases.
CROSS-CHAIN TRANSFER AND COMMUNICATION
Cross-chain communication is the key foundation to allow the community to take
advantage of the dual chain structure:
CROSS-CHAIN TRANSFER
The cross-chain transfer is the key communication between the two blockchains.
Essentially the logic is:
the transfer-out blockchain will lock the amount from source owner addresses
into a system controlled address/contracts;
the transfer-in blockchain will unlock the amount from the system controlled
address/contracts and send it to target addresses.
1.
2.
The cross-chain transfer package message should allow the BSC Relayers and BC
Oracle Relayers to verify:
Enough amount of token assets are removed from the source address and
locked into a system controlled addresses/contracts on the source blockchain.
And this can be confirmed on the target blockchain.
Proper amounts of token assets are released from a system controlled
addresses/contracts and allocated into target addresses on the target
blockchain. If this fails, it can be confirmed on source blockchain, so that the
locked token can be released back (may deduct fees).
The sum of the total circulation of the token assets across the 2 blockchains are
not changed after this transfer action completes, no matter if the transfer
succeeds or not.
1.
2.
2.
users are free to create any tokenization, financial products, and digital assets on
BSC or BC as they wish
the items on BSC can be manually and programmingly traded and circulated in a
stable, high throughput, lighting fast and friendly environment of BC
users can operate these in one UI and tooling ecosystem.
18

19. The architecture of cross-chain communication is as in the above diagram. To
accommodate the 2 heteroid systems, communication handling is different in each
direction.
CROSS-CHAIN USER EXPERIENCE
Ideally, users expect to use two parallel chains in the same way as they use one single
chain. It requires more aggregated transaction types to be added onto the cross-chain
communication to enable this, which will add great complexity, tight coupling, and
maintenance burden. Here BC and BSC only implement the basic operations to enable
the value flow in the initial launch and leave most of the user experience work to client
side UI, such as wallets. E.g. a great wallet may allow users to sell a token directly from
BSC onto BC’s DEX order book, in a secure way.
STAKING AND GOVERNANCE
Proof of Staked Authority brings in decentralization and community involvement. Its core
logic can be summarized as the below. You may see similar ideas from other networks,
especially Cosmos and EOS.
SLASHING
Slashing is part of the on-chain governance, to ensure the malicious or negative
behaviors are punished. BSC slash can be submitted by anyone. The transaction
submission requires slash evidence and cost fees but also brings a larger reward when it
is successful. So far there are two slashable cases.
DOUBLE SIGN
It is quite a serious error and very likely deliberate offense when a validator signs more
than one block with the same height and parent block. The reference protocol
implementation should already have logic to prevent this, so only the malicious code can
trigger this. When Double Sign happens, the validator should be removed from the
Validator Set right away.
Anyone can submit a slash request on BC with the evidence of Double Sign of BSC,
which should contain the 2 block headers with the same height and parent block,
sealed by the offending validator. Upon receiving the evidence, if the BC verifies it to be
valid:
Token holders, including the validators, can put their tokens “bonded” into the
stake. Token holders can delegate their tokens onto any validator or validator
candidate, to expect it can become an actual validator, and later they can choose
a different validator or candidate to re-delegate their tokens1.
All validator candidates will be ranked by the number of bonded tokens on them,
and the top ones will become the real validators.
Validators can share (part of) their blocking reward with their delegators.
Validators can suffer from “Slashing”, a punishment for their bad behaviors, such
as double sign and/or instability.
There is an “unbonding period” for validators and delegators so that the system
makes sure the tokens remain bonded when bad behaviors are caught, the
responsible will get slashed during this period.
1.
2.
4.
5.
3.
19

20. INAVAILABILITY
The liveness of BSC relies on everyone in the Proof of Staked Authority validator set can
produce blocks timely when it is their turn. Validators can miss their turn due to any
reason, especially problems in their hardware, software, configuration or network. This
instability of the operation will hurt the performance and introduce more indeterministic
into the system.
There can be an internal smart contract responsible for recording the missed blocking
metrics of each validator. Once the metrics are above the predefined threshold, the
blocking reward for validator will not be relayed to BC for distribution but shared with
other better validators. In such a way, the poorly-operating validator should be gradually
voted out of the validator set as their delegators will receive less or none reward. If the
metrics remain above another higher level of threshold, the validator will be dropped
from the rotation, and this will be propagated back to BC, then a predefined amount of
BNB would be slashed from the self-delegated BNB of the validator. Both validators and
delegators will not receive their staking rewards.
GOVERNANCE PARAMETERS
There are many system parameters to control the behavior of the BSC, e.g. slash
amount, cross-chain transfer fees. All these parameters will be determined by BSC
Validator Set together through a proposal-vote process based on their staking. Such the
process will be carried on BC, and the new parameter values will be picked up by
corresponding system contracts via a cross-chain communication.
RELAYERS
Relayers are responsible to submit Cross-Chain Communication Packages between the
two blockchains. Due to the heterogeneous parallel chain structure, two different types
of Relayers are created.
OUTLOOK
It is hard to conclude for Binance Chain, as it has never stopped evolving. The
dual-chain strategy is to open the gate for users to take advantage of the fast
transferring and trading on one side, and flexible and extendable programming on the
other side, but it will be one stop along the development of Binance Chain. Here below
are the topics to look into so as to facilitate the community better for more usability and
extensibility:
The validator will be removed from validator set by an instance BSC validator set
update Cross-Chain update;
A predefined amount of BNB would be slashed from the self-delegated BNB of the
validator; Both validator and its delegators will not receive the staking rewards.
Part of the slashed BNB will allocate to the submitter’s address, which is a reward
and larger than the cost of submitting slash request transaction
The rest of the slashed BNB will allocate to the other validators’ custody
addresses, and distributed to all delegators in the same way as blocking reward.
1.
2.
4.
3.
20

21. CONCLUSION:
Add different digital asset model for different business use cases
Enable more data feed, especially DEX market data, to be communicated from
Binance DEX to BSC
Provide interface and compatibility to integrate with Ethereum, including its further
upgrade, and other blockchain
Improve client side experience to manage wallets and use blockchain more
conveniently
1.
2.
4.
3.
On the technical side, the DeFi project Arabic Cash is based on the most advanced
crypto technology of 2021 - Binance Smart Chain of the BEP20 protocol in the Solidity
programming language. This provides the ABIC token with the most reliable protection,
the highest transaction speed and the lowest fees for it. This allows investors to be calm
about their assets in any quantity, and also promises them a guaranteed profit of 35.6%
per annum for keeping tokens in the liquidity pool.
In terms of concept, Arabic Cash aims to develop e-commerce for the entire Arab
World, which is the most promising and ambitious vision for the entire region and even
the planet for the coming decades. The United Arab Emirates has taken a direct course
towards building the strongest core of the crypto industry in the world. Blockchain
Strategy 2021 already operates here, as well as Crypto Valley. Since the technology of
decentralized finance does not depend on the intervention of traditional regulators,
Arabic Cash can become a powerful auxiliary tool for the implementation of the Emirates
Crypto Strategy.
21