These slides had been used for Introduction to Business Law class at Westminster International University in Tashkent by Senior Lecturer in Law Ammar Younas.

1. BUSINESS AND LAW
INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS LAW
AMMAR YOUNAS

2. Zheng He’s “Treasure Fleet”

3. • The fleet included at least sixty-
two massive trading galleons, any
of which could have held
Columbus's three small ships on its
decks. The largest galleons were
more than 400 feet long and 150
feet wide (the Santa Maria,
Columbus's largest vessel, was
about 90 by 30 feet), and each
could carry about 1,500 tons
(Columbus's ship combined could
carry about 400 tons). More than
one hundred smaller vessels
accompanied the galleons. All told,
30,000 people went on the
voyage, compared with
Columbus's crew of 90- some.
http://jjcweb.jjay.cuny.edu/history/worldspri
ng09/giraffe.html

4. Trade Deficit
• Balance of trade, Commercial
Balance, Net Exports
• The difference between the
monetary value of a nation's
exports and imports over a certain
time period

6. Poor China
• It was estimated that by the
end of the century, 30–40
million Chinese were addicted
to opium. Starvation, poverty
and social decay followed
starting a 60-year period of
slow and painful death for the
entire nation.

8. Modern
China

9. Former US president Gerald Ford and his wife met former Chinese
vice-premier Deng Xiaoping in Beijing in 1975.

10. 40 YEARS OF REFORMS AND OPENING UP

15. China used
52% of
world’s
Cement in
2017

16. Zaha
Hadid

19. Chinese Expeditions
in Land and Sea

24. Chinese
Company Law
• After the Opium War of 1840 until the
1920s, foreign companies and some
Chinese companies issued shares that
were traded on exchanges in Beijing
and Shanghai. In 1929, the Kuomintang
government promulgated a company
law (modified in 1946 and still applied
in Taiwan).

27. Once China was ruled by UK

28. How this Happened?
Opening Up
&
Business Law (China Centric)

29. Factors contributing to Chinese Success
• Structure of Chinese Business
• Incorporation of Company, Shares
• Liability
• Management of Organisation in Chinese Style
• Labor Law and Chinese Skilled Labor
• Chinese Sales
• Dispute Resolution and Strong Judicial System

30. Course Content
• Company
• Incorporation of Company
• Personality and Liability
• Management of Organisation
• Labor Law
• Sales
• Arbitration
• Future of Law

31. What is Law?
• Rule and Regulations made and enforced by sovereign that regulate
the conduct of people within a society.
• “ Law is the command of the Sovereign” Austinein’s definition of Law
• Command is an order given by a political superior to a political inferior.

32. Types of Legal Systems
•Civil Law
•Common Law

33. Chinese
Law
Codified
Inquisitorial
Flexibility
Experts
make
law
No Binding
Precedents
Law and
Politics
are Same

35. History of Company Law in England
• History of Modern Company Law: The history of modern company
law in England began in 1844 when the Joint Stock Companies Act
was passed. ... The English Parliament in 1855 passed the Limited
Liability Act providing for limited liability to the members of a
registered company.

36. Nature of English Law
• Legislation which is created through Parliament
• Common law
• Directly enforceable EU law.

37. Discussion Question for Tutorial
• The Historical Development of Common Law
• How common is Common Law?