1. Design Optimization For Energy-
Efficient Skylit Office Spaces
Amir Rezaei-Bazkiaei
MKK Consulting Engineers Inc. – Innovation Lab
Ladan Ghobad
Interface Engineering
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2. Big Data and Visualization Applications2/16

3. Big Data Examples from Other Industries
• Cancer research (human genome sequencing)
• Targeted advertising
• Precision agriculture
• Financial analysis
• Politics and news
3/16

4. Big Data for AEC Industry
• Rule-of-thumb versus Data-driven Decisions
• Feedback with the Speed of Design
• Targeted and Integrated Approach
• Workflow Optimization
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5. Skylight Optimization Problem5/16

6. Skylight Optimization Problem
• 3 locations (Washington DC, Boston, Miami)
• 16 equally spaced skylights
• Dimensions
• Aperture to Floor Ratio (AFR): 0.1% - 8%
• SHGC: 0.19 to 0.80
• Visible Transmittance: 0.1 to 0.6
• U-value: 1-4 W/m2.k (0.17 - 0.70 Btu/hr.ft2.K )
• Interior Wall Visible Absorptance: 0.10 - 0.90
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7. Analyzing a Large Dataset7/16

8. Performance Maps8/16

9. Multiple Design Options9/16
Design
Alg
Cost Illum L W AFR
SHGC VT ABS
U-Fac
Goals ($) (Lux) (m) (m) (%) (w/m2
.K)
1<AFR<2 &Lux>100 & Min Cost H-J 3066 197 1.5 0.2 1.6 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.73
1<AFR<2 &Lux>100 & Min Cost PSO 3077 169 1 0.4 1.8 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.71
2<AFR<4 &Lux>300 & Min Cost H-J 3128 303 2.4 0.3 2.9 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.7
2<AFR<4 &Lux>300 & Min Cost PSO 4157 348 3.9 0.2 3.7 0.7 0.6 0.2 2.2
4<AFR<5 &Lux>300 & Min Cost H-J 3251 317 0.8 1.1 4.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 1.8
4<AFR<5 &Lux>300 & Min Cost PSO 3303 300 1 1 4.8 0.2 0.6 0.8 2.8
5<AFR<6 &Lux>300 & Min Cost H-J 3327 403 0.4 2.7 5.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 2
5<AFR<6 &Lux>300 & Min Cost PSO 3349 303 1.1 1 5.3 0.2 0.6 0.8 2.8
6<AFR<8 &Lux>300 & Min Cost H-J 3413 446 1.4 0.9 6 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.8
6<AFR<8&Lux>300 & Min Cost PSO 3423 523 1.8 0.7 6 0.2 0.6 0.8 3

10. Radiant Cooling/Heating Optimization10/16

11. 11/16 Radiant Cooling/Heating Optimization
Infiltration is a key item!

12. Form/Shape Optimization12/16

13. 13/16 Form/Shape Optimization

14. 14/16 Form/Shape Optimization

15. 15/16 Off-Grid Building Design
179.5 kW
97.9 kW
0.0 kW
101.9 kW
55.7 kW
0.3 kW
PV Generation [W]
January February March April May December
Building Electricity Demand [W] - Assembly 7, 62.1 OA levels and no-DCV
January February March April May June
Hours
June July August September October November
Hours
July August September October November December

16. Amir Rezaei-Bazkiaei
Innovation Lab
MKK Consulting Engineers Inc.
Denver CO
Arezaei@mkkeng.com
Ladan Ghobad
Interface Engineering
Washington DC
ladan.ghobad@gmail.com
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