Numerical simulation in the field of petroleum science is becoming vital these days. Pipelining of crude oil from offshore locations, harnessing of geothermal energy in the form of steam and hot water and mining are the areas which involve the flow of two phase flow in a pipe. Problems related to two phase flow of crude oil in extraction pipe has always been very crucial area of research in order to minimise cost and expenses involved in extraction process. As , physical studies for every reservoir are not possible at every point, various numerical simulations tools are used to understand the fluid flow in order to increase feasibility of design before implementing it. This research presents the simulations of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using FLUENT- a fluid modelling platform to study the crude oil flow in extraction pipe in petroleum well and to find out various parameters such as turbulence, velocity, temperature gradient, composition of the petroleum mixture. For accomplishing an impeccable simulation with respect to real model, simulation at every discretization of volume is necessary and moreover as it involves multi phase flow due to both oil and gas phase. Results obtained from computation fluid dynamics simulations are used to perform static analysis of the extraction pipe in order to find out stress generated and deformation occurred. These results could be used to optimise design parameters such as weight and to find suitable material properties of the extraction pipe.

1. `
Aman Agarwal1
, Ankit Aggarwal2
Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering Department
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA, SURATHKAL
Tubing
modelled in
Catia V5
imported in
Design
Modeler
CFD analysis of
crude oil for
flow in tubing
using Fluent
Wall meshed in
ANSYS
Workbench
Static
structural
analysis of
tubing using
ANSYS
Volumetric
meshing in
GAMBIT
 Effects of porosity and gas cavities in rocks on petroleum
reservoir are considered
 Multiphase simulations are carried out for fluid while
impending from tubing.
 Problems related to multiphase flow of crude oil in
extraction pipe has always been very crucial area of
research in order to minimise cost and expenses
involved in extraction process
INTRODUCTION
 Modelling includes design of geometry, appropriate
meshing, smoothening of face nodes and their
projections, and building of grids.
 Inner diameter 1m;Thickness .02 m , Length 3000m
 Boundary conditions :
CFD Analysis: Velocity inlet, Pressure outlet & Wall.
Structural Analysis: Fixed inlet & outlet, Radial pressure
i
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
 Aqueous complexation , natural diffusion,
heat transfer are involved in multiphase
flow.
 Gas cavities merged together significantly
alter flow pattern and affect
hydrodynamic parameters of flow.
 Pressure exerted by crude oil on tubing
cause radial deformation and static stress
 Our model of crude oil flow in consists of mainly two components and
they are natural gas, and crude oil.
3-D model of drill pipe
Drilling rig
GEOMETRICAL MODELLING AND MESHING
CFD ANALYSIS
 Behaviour of Dynamic Pressure, Velocity
and Turbulent Kinetic Energy is studied.
 This computes the explicit interface
relationship of fluid parameters with
respect to Multiphase flow
a) Dynamic Pressure Contours b) Velocity Vectors
(a)
(b)
STRUCTURAL NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
 Dynamic pressure and shear stress values
from CFD simulations are used to perform
structural simulations extraction pipe.
 Total Deformation, Von-Mises stress is
calculated.
 Results obtained are compared with Ultimate
strength of tubing material.
RESULTS
 Loss due to turbulent kinetic
energy is also significant.
 Major component of velocity
contibuting towards velocity
magnitude is componnet
parallel to flow.
 There is no significant change in
physical properties of crude oil.
(a)
(b)
(a) Turbulent Kinetic Energy (b) Velocity
Magnitude
 Maximum deformation of 0.6µm occurs almost at the middle
of pipe.
 Maximum stress is calculated to be 2.5MPa
Static equivalent
(Von-Mises)
Stress
CONCLUSION
 Value of equivalent stress due to fluid flow on pipe walls is very
significant and need to be taken into account before design of
column.
 Calculated Factor of Safety for design comes out to be around
90.Thus design is safe within permissible limits.
 These computational simulations can be used for a close study
of the flow type, hydrodynamics parameters failure of such
huge structures. Nevertheless, these simulations need further
refinement for more accuracy.
Deformation contour
Tetrahedral meshed