This document provides an overview of driverless cars, including their history, how they work, reasons for their development, current challenges, and future outlook. It discusses that driverless cars use sensors like lidar and radar along with computer vision and machine learning software to navigate without human input. While they could help reduce accidents and traffic, issues around jobs, security, ethics, and liability must still be addressed. Fully autonomous vehicles are expected to become widespread within the next couple decades.

1. BY:
AISHA KHALID

2. CONTENT:
• WHAT ARE DRIVERLESS CARS?
• HISTORY
• HOW IT WORKS?
• WHY DO WE NEED DRIVERLESS CARS?
• PROBLEMS WITH DRIVERLESS CARS
• CURRENT AND FUTURE SCENARIO
• CONCLUSION

3. WHAT ARE DRIVER-LESS
CARS?
 A car that is fully capable to drive
without the human input
 These cars have an auto-pilot ability
 These cars can
• Accelerate
• Apply breaks
• Detect obstacles
• Change lanes

4. HISTORY
• In GM’s 1939 exhibit, Norman Bel Geddes
created the first self-driving car, which was
an electric vehicle guided by radio-
controlled electromagnetic fields generated
with magnetized metal spikes embedded in
the roadway. By 1958, General Motors had
made this concept a reality.
• In 1977, the Japanese improved upon this
idea, using a camera system that relayed
data to a computer to process images of the
road.
• Improvement came from the Germans a
decade later in the form of the VaMoRs, a
vehicle outfitted with cameras that could

5. How do driverless cars work?
Self-driving cars use advanced technologies to be able to drive fully
autonomously. The main parts are
1. SENSOR
 Lidar
 Cameras
 Radar
2. SEMICONDUCTORS
3. SOFTWARE
 Data processing
 Mapping
 Machine learning

7. WHY DO WE NEED DRIVER-LESS
CARS?
The idea behind self-driving cars is
that they
 Avoid accidents
 Ensure smooth traffic flow
 Save time
 Easier parking
 Decrease harmful emissions
 Ease road congestion

8. Problems with driverless cars
• Negative impact on the workforce
• Vulnerable to hacking
• Safety issues
• Ethical dilemma
• Liability issues

9. CURRENT AND FUTURE
SCENARIO
There are six levels of automation:
 Currently, we have level 2 and level 3 automated cars available
 We are expected to reach level 5 in the next decade or two.

10. CONCLUSION
• Need widespread adaptation
• Requires proper planning
• Future of cars
• Change transportation forever
• Game changer

11. Thank you!