2. DEFINITION
• Desalination can be defined as the process that removes minerals from
saline water
• Desalination refers to the removal of salts from the seawater.
• Saltwater is desalinated to produce water suitable for human consumption
or irrigation.
3. What is saline water?
• Water that is saline that is contains significant amount of dissolved salts.
• In this case, the concentration is the amount of salt in water and expressed
in ‘part per million’
• Commonly, ocean water contains about 35,000 ppm of salt
Seawater Salt
Saline
water
4. PARAMETERS
FOR SALINE
WATER
Fresh water
- less than
1,000 ppm
Slightly saline
water – from
1,000 to
3,000 ppm
Moderately
saline water –
From 3.000 to
10,000 ppm
Highly saline
water – From
10,000 to
35,000 ppm
5.
6.
7.
8. WORKING PRINCIPLE
Saltwater from the
ocean water is sucked
through the pipeline.
Pre treatment where
filters remove suspended
salts and other particles
that would interfere with
the desalting process.
Reverse osmosis
membranes separate
dissolved minerals
including salts and
other impurities from
the water.
At the same time,
leftover high salinity
water discharged as
brine.
Conditioning and
disinfection where the
minerals and chemicals
are added to ensure
reduce water meets health
aesthetic and anti-
corrosion standards
Drinking water that
can be readily
consumed by human.
9.
10.
11.
12. ADVANTAGES OF DESALINATION
• Clean and fresh drinking water.
• The water quality is safe.
• It provides people with potable water.
• It serves water to agricultural industry.
13. DISADVANTAGES OF
DESALINATION
• The cost is high.
• Chemicals and waste produced in environment.
• Lots of land used.
• It consumes a large amount of energy.
