This document discusses numeracy concepts including the base-ten system, fractions, decimals, and percentages. It explains that the base-ten system uses the numerals 0-9 and that their value is determined by their place - ones, tens, and hundreds. For example, in the number 25, the 2 represents a group of 10 (tens place) and the 5 represents the ones place. It also mentions decimal fractions as another numeracy concept covered.