What is identity ? Determination of individuality of a person. Identification of a person or a dead body means recognition of that person or dead body. It is very important to establish identity of a person especially in forensic cases

1. IDENTIFICATION

2. Identification
Determination of individuality
of a person.
–Complete Identification
–Partial Identification
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

3. TYPES
COMPLETE
–Exact identity known
PARTIAL
–Only some facts known
–Other facts unknown

4. CASES
CIVIL –
Insurance –
Pension –
Marriage –
Inheritence –
Disputed sex
–Missing person
CRIMINAL
–Murder –
Assault –
Rape

5. Corpus Delecti
Body of offence or essence of crime
Facts of a crime having being actually
committed
e.g. In homicide
- Positive identification of the dead body
- Proof of its death by criminal act of
accused
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

6. Corpus Delecti
May includes
–Body of victim
–Bullet
–Clothing marks of weapon –
Photographs showing fatal injuries
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

7. PROBLEMS
LIVING –
Unsound mind
–Deaf & dumb –
Disputed sex –
Impersonation –
Babies change

8. PROBLEMS
DEAD –
Incomplete body
–Without head –
Unknown place –
Unaccompanied –
Only skeleton –
Badly mutilated
–Badly burnt –
Explosions –
Mass disasters
–Crushed –
Decomposed

9. IDENTITY
?

10. Identification of Living
Identification parade Handwriting
Gait
Speech
Fingerprints, Footprints
Photography
DNAfingerprinting
Identification Marks
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

11. Identification of dead
Fresh body with features, clothes and
fingers clothes – easy to identify
Problem arises in cases like
– Naked bodies
– Decomposed bodies
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

12. Points for identification
Primary characteristics
Secondary characteristics
Comparative data/ Technique
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

13. Primary characteristics
Age
Sex
Stature
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor

14. Secondary Characterstics
Race, Religion, Nationality
Features
Personal effects (pocket contents, clothes,
jewellery, etc)
Hair
Scars
Tattoos
External pecularities
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor
Occupational stigmata

15. Comparative Data
Personal appearance
Fingerprints
Footprints
Congenital malformations
Anthropometry
Dr Amandeep Singh, Asstt Professor