1. KEY TO KEY WORD TRANSFORMATION CAMBRIDGECPE
Exercise 1
1. Despite (our) occasional arguments,Iusuallygetonwell withhim.
2. My friendsmeanmore tome than anythingelse. (NOTanyone else)
3. I wonthe race,but itwas a close thing.
4. Hanna´s relationship withhersisterhasimprovedbyleapsandbounds.
5. I´ve neverheardsuchan outrageoussuggestioninmylife!
6. He wasthe undisputedchampionof the world.
7. She couldn´tmake out whathe wassayingabove the loudmusic.
8. As childrengrowolder,parental influence tendstodecline.(NOTtheirparental
influence)
Exercise 2
1. If he had beenputincharge,there wouldhave beenseriousconsequences.(NOT…put
ina responsible positionasthisdoesnotmeanhe is the one responsible)
2. I´d preferusto make as much progressas we can.
3. It´s hightime he learnedtomake breakfastforhimself.(NOTprepare breakfast- thisis
an unnecessarychange)
4. I wishI hadtakenthe chance to travel more widely.(NOTtakenmychance)
5. I wishto expressmyconcernoverthe proposedchanges.(tovoice myconcerncan
alsobe accepted)
6. She´dpreferitif he foundthe answerfor himself.(NOTfoundout)
7. I´d rather youdidn´ttell anyone.
8. I thinkitwouldbe betterif I were/wasallowedtoworkina team.
Exercise 3
1. I´d be grateful if you couldhelpme (to) deal withthisproblem.
2. If onlymy educationhadpreparedme (better) forreal life.
3. To the bestof my knowledge(,) she hasnopaperqualifications.
4. He shouldputall thoughtsof getting/beingpromotedoutof hismind.
5. What isall thisresearchinaidof?
6. The scriptwritersaidthatshe´dthoughtup the whole plotwithoutany/anyone´shelp.
7. Yesterday´stestcame out of the blue for usall.
8. Puttingtheirfeelingsintowordsisdifficultforsome people.
Exercise 4
1. Before makinguse of this appliance,please readthe instructionscarefully.
2. On lookingthroughthe scriptagain,Iwas impressedbyitsquality.
3. Despite havingset/startedoff early-setting/startingoff early,he still arrivedlate.
4. He wasfinallyadmittedafterhavingbeenkept waitingforthree hours.
5. Nothavingexpectedtowin/getanOscarfor the film, we were completelybowled
overby the news.
6. Properlylookedafter,thiscarwill give youyearsof service.

2. Exercise 5
1. How muchof a handicapwill herinabilitytodrive be for thisjob?
2. It was essentialtolearnFrenchquickly,giventhe circumstances.
3. It isthe ultimate aimof the companytobe marketleader.
4. It goeswithoutsayingthatthe price has to be right.
5. Marketingexecutivesare highlypaidingeneral.
6. Childrenare easytargetsforadvertisers.
7. Your apologywastotallyunnecessaryreally.
8. The fact that we arrivedlate was unimportantasthe concertdidn´tstart on time.
Exercise 6
1. I recommend(that) youfollow hisadvice without(any) argument.
2. Didall the guestsactuallyhave/needtowearformal clothing?
3. You didn´thave to do militaryserviceinthatcountry.
4. She isbannedfromplayinginanyfurthermatchesthisseason.
5. He´s alreadyprovedhimself capableof managingwithout(any)help.
6. You don´t have to make up your mindnow.
7. I don´t thinkstudentsshouldhave totake/do/sitexams.
8. He onlymanaged/wasonlyable toescape fromthembecause he ran so fast.
Exercise 7
1. My grandfatherisalwaysfindingfaultwithTombecause of hisuntidiness.
2. I wishhe didn´thave to /hadn´tgot to/ wasn´tobligedtosetoff before the arrival of
hisfriends.
3. No soonerhadthe witnessbeguntospeakthanthe lawyerinterruptedher.
4. There wasno needforyou to paythe/aregistrationfee.
5. Nothavingany ideaaboutcomputers,I can´t/cannot advise youwhethertobuyit or
not.
6. He saidthere waseverylikelihoodthatthe trial wouldcontinue foranotherweek.
(NOTthat there waseverylikelihood….Asthisbringsthe answerovereightwords)
7. There has beenasharp fall in(the) demandforthisproduct.
8. It nevercrossedhermindthatshe couldlive/tolive onherown.
Exercise 8
1. Theyhave neverlethergo there onher own.
2. In Singapore anyone caughtdroppinglitterisfinedonthe spot.(NOTisimmediately
fined)
3. No decisionhasyet beenreached/madeonthe locationof the concerthall.
4. Young people will be helpedtogainadditional qualificationsthroughthisscheme.
5. I couldsee (that) the man´s bootswere cakedwith/inmud.
6. People shouldhave beenconsultedbefore actionwastaken.
7. The thievesmusthave beenseenmakingoff withthe jewels.
8. The club´s reputationwouldhave beenboostedbythe buildingof the new stadium.

3. Exercise 9
1. My little tentwasdwarfedbythe mountainssurroundingthe campsite.
2. The studentsdemanded(that) the regulations(should)be abolishedimmediately.
3. He wantedtobuy the oldhouse anddo it upso he borrowedthe moneyformhis
father.
4. The newone-waysystemhas(only) beenapartial successsofar.
5. Independentshopsare underthreatfromthe growthof supermarkets
Exercise 10
1. It shouldonlytake (us) anhour to getthere,provided(that) the trafficisn´ttooheavy.
2. Investinour newsolar-poweredsystem, and(youcan) lookforwardtoyearsof low-
cost heatingforyourhouse.
3. We´d have made a lotmore profititnot beenforthe bad weather.
4. You´d betterkeepthatinformationtoyourself,orthere mightbe trouble.
5. He´d neverhave managedwithoutthe helpof hisfriends.
Exercise 11
1. In Britainpeople don´tcome of age until theyare eighteen.
2. It all came outall right inthe end.
3. Despite hisconcern,he finallycame totermswiththe situation.
4. The game didn´tcome to life until the secondhalf.
5. He advisedustocome cleanaboutthe incident.
6. Whatevercomestohand will be OK.
7. Afterrollingdownhillthe ball came torestbehindthe tree.
8. His planscame to nothingalthough/eventhoughhe triedhard.
Exercise 12
1. These gadgetsare widelyavailablenowadays.
2. Justas she wason the pointof settingoff,herfriendfinallyarrived.
3. It was suchappallingweatherthatwe cut our holidayshort.
4. All youhave to do isjust(to) signa few papers.
5. Our victoryinthe tournamentis/wasentirelydue/is/wasdue entirelytothe coach.
6. What ishappeningisthatthe sea level isbeginningtorise noticeably.
7. Anystudentswho wishtotake part should/mustletme know immediately.
8. On arrivinghome,he (immediately) made forthe fridge.
Exercise 13
1. She saidwe could/shouldhelpourselvestoanything/whateverwe likedfromthe
fridge.
2. Theydon´t needtocommitthemselves(toafinal decision) until later.
3. You shouldn´tblame yourself forlosingorhavinglostthe game.
4. The politicianwantedtodistance himselffrom/tokeephimselfata distance fromthe
scandal.

4. 5. If you don´t assertyourself youwilljustbe exploited.
6. You can suityourself whetheryoucome ornot.
Exercise 14
1. The government´spolicyhasundergone acompletechange since the election.
2. There have beenfloodsof complaintsaboutlastnight´sprogramme.
3. You shouldlose notime ingettingthischecked./Youshouldnotlose anytime in
gettingthischecked.
4. There wasno reference (made)to(any) extrachargesinthe brochure.
5. It was the inventionof the printingpressthat/whichstartedthe information
revolution.
6. It´s hightime (that) the authoritiesdidsomethingabout reducingtrafficcongestion.
7. No-one couldshedanylightonthe matter.
8. Anychangesmade in the shortterm shouldonlybe minor.
Exercise 15
1. It (was/wouldbe)inadvisable tocancel
2. Pridedhimself on
3. No account(shouldyou) tell anyone
4. To be introduced graduallythere wouldbe less
5. Stopthe researchdue to cutbacks
6. Regardcloningas a dangerous
7. Put myfingeronwhy/the reasonbut
8. Impossibletopinhimdown
Exercise 16
1. I can´t affordthat leatherjacket,muchas I like it.
2. Howeverhardhe tried,he always lostthe game.
3. Theywere incrediblynervous,andyetthey(still) gave abrilliantperformance.
4. She didn´tmanage to pass the tests,eventhoughshe triedveryhard.
5. The casting directorpointedoutthatwhile she coulddance,hersingingwasnotgood
enough.
6. To me you´ll alwaysbe asuccess,no matterwhatyou do.
7. She was appointedinspite of/despitebeingunqualified/nobeingqualifiedforthe job.
8. I understandhisposition,butall the same he mustapologise inwriting.
Exercise 17
1. The newversionof the filmis/wasnothinglike asgoodas the original version.
2. I didn´thave such a goodtime/have asgooda time on the secondvisitasI had done
on the first.
3. The musical wasn´tas biga hitas/much of a hit as the criticshad predicteditwould
be.
4. She thoughtthe sculpture impressive,asdidmanyotherpeople..
5. She didnot give himas warma greetingashe had expected.

5. 6. The newsmade lessof an impressiononthe publicthanthe Presidenthadexpected.
7. At present,fewcomputerscanbe carriedaround as easilyasbooks.
8. Fortunately,notsomanyworkerswere laidoff ashad beenfeared.
Exercise 18
1. The job shouldnotbe anythinglike ascomplicatedastheysay.
2. She didn´tturn a hair whenshe heardthe news.
3. The newrecordingof the songbears(NOThas/shows) littleresemblance to/doesnot
bearmuch resemblance tothe original version.
4. She foundherself movedtotears/(that) she wasmovedtotears bythe storyof his
final journey.
5. It´s secondnature to mostpeople nowadaystolocktheirdoorsat night.
6. She alwaysinsistedonustellingherthe exacttimesof ourarrival and departure.
7. Theykepton complaininginspite of beinggiven/havingbeengivenafull refund.
8. She was wearingherself outtryingtocope withthe demandsof herlarge family.
Takenfrom:NewProficiencyGoldTeacher´sBookbyJackyNewbrookandJudithWilson
PearsonLongman