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立体構造モデルの作成と動的耐震検討
  ー法政大学市ヶ谷田町校舎ー
 Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
            -Ichigaya-Tamachi Campus of Hosei University-

                法政大学デザイン工学部建築学科
                          吉田研究室

                       09N1075    下平    弥生
                       09N1114    福田     唯
                       09N1120    程島    遥平
目次


 1,   研究目的・背景

 2,   フローチャート

 3,   対象建物解説

 4,   モデル作成

 5,   動的応答解析

 6,   動的応答解析 結果・考察

 7,   今後の展望

              Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
研究背景・目的
‐Background and purpose‐




         Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
研究背景・目的


●背景
 建築基準法の性能規定化により,建物の構造性能
・地震時応答をより明確にすることが重要であり,
建物に作用する外力性状や建物特性をより精度良く
捉える必要がある.




●目的
 本研究では,法政大学市ヶ谷田町校舎を対象に,
時刻歴応答解析を行い,その結果建物の地震時にお
ける基本性状を把握することを目的としている.



          Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
フローチャート

 ‐flow chart‐




    Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
フローチャート



              構造モデル作成




  静的地震力の算定


必要保有水平耐力の算定


              静的耐震検討



              動的耐震検討




                Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
フローチャート



              構造モデル作成




  静的地震力の算定


必要保有水平耐力の算定


              静的耐震検討



              動的耐震検討
                                         静的耐震判断基準


                                                     :保有水平耐力

                Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
フローチャート



              構造モデル作成




  静的地震力の算定


必要保有水平耐力の算定


              静的耐震検討
                                         動的震判定
                                         応答塑性率≦許容塑性率                      
              動的耐震検討                                          2.5
                                                                   
                                          構造特性係数 Ds 
                                                                 2  1
                                                       1.5
                                                             h : 減衰定数
                                                     1  10h
                Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
対象建物解説
‐Description of object building ‐




             Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
研究対象建物概要

法政大学市ヶ谷田町校舎   図面




              B1階      平面図                              3階     平面図




              1階    平面図




               2階     平面図
              Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
モデル作成
‐created model‐




     Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
立体構造骨組モデル

要素剛性マトリクスの作成
        y-z 平面内の曲げ剛性                                                                         x-y 平面内の曲げ剛性
  12                                                                                      12           6                 12          6        
                6
                              
                                  12          6
                                                                                            l 3 EI z        EI z             EI z         EI z 
  l 3 EI y     l2
                   EI y
                                  l3
                                     EI y      2
                                                  EI y                                                   l2                l3         l 2

 
                                             l
                                                                                                                                               
  6            4                 6           2                                            6            4                 6           2        
                                                                                           l 2 EI z       EI z              EI z        EI z 
  l 2 EI y       EI y
                                  l2
                                     EI y        EI y 
                                                                                                          l                 l2          l
 
                l                             l
                                                                                                                                               
  12               6         12                6                                          12               6         12                6      
   l 3 EI y         EI y      EI y        2 EI y                                        l 3 EI z   
                                                                                                              l2
                                                                                                                 EI z
                                                                                                                        l3
                                                                                                                           EI z        2 EI z 
                                                                                                                                         l
                   l2        l3               l                                                                                               
  6            2                 6           4                                            6            2                 6           4        
  2 EI y         EI y              EI y        EI y                                      2 EI z         EI z              EI z        EI z 
  l            l                 l2          l                                            l            l                 l2          l        




          k  
           



                                                           ねじり剛性
                                                            𝐺 𝐾 𝑙    −𝐺 𝐾 𝑙
                                                           −𝐺 𝐾 𝑙     𝐺 𝐾 𝑙
                                                              Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
立体構造骨組モデル

全体座標系のへの変換                                                                 T 
                                                                           
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                   Tg   
                                                                                   T                           lx   mx   nx 
                                                                                        T           T   l y        ny 


            k 
                                                                                                                       my      
                                                                                                     
                                       T                                                          T 
                          Tg   k  Tg 
                                                                           
                                                                                                                lz
                                                                                                                       mz   nz 
                                                                                                                                

                               

                 k11                                                                                    
                k        k22                                                               SYM .        
                 21                                                                                     
                 k31     k32   k33                                                                      
                                                                                                        
                 k41     k42   k43    k44                                                               
                 k51                                                                                    

     k 
                          k52   k53    k54    k55

            
                                                                                                        
                 k61     k62   k63    k64    k65    k66                                                 
                k        k72   k73    k74    k75    k76    k77                                          
                 71                                                                                     
                 k81     k82   k83    k84    k85    k86    k87    k88                                   
                k        k92   k93    k94    k95    k96    k97    k98    k99                            
                 91                                                                                     
                 k101   k102   k103   k104   k105   k106   k107   k108   k109     k1010                 
                                                                                                        
                 k111   k112   k113   k114   k115   k116   k117   k118   k119     k1110     k1111       
                 k121
                        k122   k123   k124   k125   k126   k127   k128   k129     k1210     k1211 k1212 
                                                                                                         




                                       Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
立体構造骨組モデル

全体剛性マトリクスへの組み込み
                                                    u1
                                                              f
                                                    v1        f
                                                    w1
                                                              f
                                                    x1       M
                                                    y1       M
                                                    z1       M
                                                    u2
                                                              f
                                                    v2        f
                                                    w2        f
                                                   x2        M
                                                    y2       M
                                                    z2       M




                                                          =


                                                    un
                                                              f
                                                   vn
                                                              f
                                                    wn        f
                                                    xn       M
                                                    yn       M
                                                    zn       M




            Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
立体構造モデルからせん断質点系モデルへの縮約

                                           1
       54     53        52     51

  4層                                                                                  k4
       44      43       42     41

  3層                                                                                  k3
       34      33       32     31

  2層                                                                                  k2
       24      23       22     21

  1層                                                                                  k1
       14      13       12     11

                図1                                    図2                            図3

                                                 u5    1 
              K u   p                     
                                                  u4  2
                                                         
                                           u  u3  3 
                                                 
             u  p  k3                                
                    T
                                                 u  4
                                                  2   
                                                 u1  5 
                                                         
             K  :全体剛性マトリクス               ui   ui1 , ui 2 , ui 3 , ui 4 
                                                 T                           T


            u  :節点変位                     1  1 , 1 , 1 , 1
                                               T                 T


             p  :復元力
                                           0  0 , 0 , 0 , 0
                                                T                    T


                                    Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
質量の算出

読み取った面積・体積に各材料ごとに
比重をかけ,質量を求める


以下のように算出した

使用材料         比重          躯体質量        質量[t]
鉄筋コンクリート           2.4
                         6層           412.73
コンクリート             2.3
                         5層           1107.47
石膏ボード             0.75
                         4層           1109.52
ステンレス             7.82

ガラス               2.48   3層           1103.65

                         2層           1303.96

                         1層           1564.79

                         合計           6602.13




                          Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
常時微動観測
地盤や構造物は地震時でなくても常に人
間の感覚では感じ取れないほど微小に
揺れている.これは「常時微動」と呼ばれ,
風や火山活動などの自然現象や,車や
電車,工場などの人間活動により生じる
ものである.
■高速フーリエ変換
  時刻歴応答        周波数応答




          m
周期 T  2
          nk             n : 剛性補正係数
                Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
解析モデル


        m6
                            ~剛性~                            ~階高~
               𝑘6
𝑙6                          𝒌 𝟔 = 21322[kN/cm]              𝒍 𝟔 = 390[cm]
             𝐿6𝑚𝑎𝑥          𝒌 𝟓 = 26584 [kN/cm]             𝒍 𝟓 = 350[cm]
                            𝒌 𝟒 = 22882 [kN/cm]             𝒍 𝟒 = 350[cm]
        m5
                            𝒌 𝟑 = 21477 [kN/cm]             𝒍 𝟑 = 350[cm]
              𝑘5
𝑙5                          𝒌 𝟐 = 9478 [kN/cm]              𝒍 𝟐 = 460[cm]
             𝐿5𝑚𝑎𝑥                                          𝒍 𝟏 = 350[cm]
                            𝒌 𝟏 = 40774 [kN/cm]
        m4
𝑙4             𝑘4
             𝐿4𝑚𝑎𝑥          ~質量~                            ~弾性限界時の変位~
                            𝒎 𝟔 = 412.72[t]                 𝑳 𝟔𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 8.63 [cm]
        m3
               𝑘3           𝒎 𝟓 = 1107.47[t]                𝑳 𝟓𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 8.41 [cm]
𝑙3                          𝒎 𝟒 = 1109.52[t]                𝑳 𝟒𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 7.95 [cm]
             𝐿3𝑚𝑎𝑥          𝒎 𝟑 = 1103.65[t]                𝑳 𝟑𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 7.15 [cm]
        m2                  𝒎 𝟐 = 1303.96[t]                𝑳 𝟐𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 5.72 [cm]
               𝑘2           𝒎 𝟏 = 1564.79[t]                𝑳 𝟏𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 1.38 [cm]
 𝑙2          𝐿2𝑚𝑎𝑥
                                                                      𝑦0𝑛 :入力地震波
        m1
               𝑘1
𝑙1
             𝐿1𝑚𝑎𝑥   𝑦 𝑜𝑛


                            Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
動的応答解析
Dynamic response analysis



          Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
解析フローチャート




   1) Main



   2) Rayleigh                        3) Jacobi



   5) Matin                           4) Areigen



   6) Runge Kutta



   7) Bilinear model




                       Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
層せん断力𝑄と層間変位𝑥の関係(バイリニアモデル)
                                                                       𝑄𝑖

                                                                                                         1) main
                                                                                    𝑥   𝑚
                                                         𝑥   𝑚
                                                                                                        2) rayleigh      3) jacobi


  ~塑性後の剛性~                       𝑥0                                                                      5) matin        4) areigen
𝑘1𝑖 = γ𝑘0𝑖                                                                                      𝑥0

𝛾 = 0.1                                                                                               6) runge kutta

                                                                            𝑥   𝑚
                                                 𝑥   𝑚                                               7) bilinear model



    𝑄𝑖                                       𝑥




                                      𝑥 𝑖𝑏

                                                                                            𝑡
                                                                                                      𝑄 𝑖 :せん断力
                                                                                                     𝑘0𝑖 :弾性剛性
                             𝑥        𝑥𝑖
         𝑥 𝑖𝑏   𝑥   𝑚   𝑥𝑖                                                                           𝑘1𝑖 :塑性剛性
                                                         𝑡   𝑚    𝑡0                                 𝑥 𝑚 :弾性限界時の変位
~履歴におけるせん断力の評価法~                                                                                     𝑥 𝑖 :現ステップの変位
                                                                                                     𝑥 𝑖𝑏 :前ステップの変位
弾性域→塑性域
                                                                                                     𝑥 𝑖 :現ステップの変位
   ∆𝑄 𝑖 = 𝑘0𝑖 𝑥 𝑚 − 𝑥 𝑖𝑏 + 𝑘1𝑖 𝑥 𝑖 − 𝑥 𝑚                                                             𝑥 𝑖𝑏 :前ステップの変位
塑性域→弾性域                                                                                              𝑡0 : 𝑥 = 0の時の時間
   ∆𝑄 𝑖 = 𝑘1𝑖 𝑥0 − 𝑥 𝑖𝑏 + 𝑘0𝑖 (𝑥 𝑖 − 𝑥0 )                                                            𝑡 𝑚 :弾性限界時の時間
                                                             Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
入力地震波の解説
地震名:エルセントロ地震
年代: 1940年
最大加速度発生時刻:          =2.12[s]
最大加速度:    =340 .0[gal]
マグニチュード:6.7




       [gal]




                               Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
入力地震波の解説
地震名:兵庫県南部地震
年代:1995年
最大加速度発生時刻:         =8.52[s]
最大加速度:   =817.8[gal]
マグニチュード:7.3
以下のような地震波を入力した


  [gal]




                                                                                         [s]




                              Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
動的応答解析
  結果・考察
‐Analysis result and consideration‐


              Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
固有値解析
 K u    M u                                       固有周期

               角速度                              1次           0.593 s
   T  2 /      固有周期                             2次           0.180 s
   f   / 2     固有振動数                            3次           0.112 s


                8.31      -3.16                                              0.60


               8.13       -2.38                                             0.24

               7.61          -0.58                               -0.36

           6.59                                 1.86            -0.51

        5.12                                        3.29                    0.15

  1.0                                        1.0                              1.0

1次モード                               2次モード                            3次モード
                                  Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
せん断力-層間変位の履歴
           [N]
2層(1階)


                              ・弾塑性応答(剛性小)
                  [cm]

                              ・初回降伏時の層間変形角:1/77

                              ・塑性率:1.237




           [N]
1層(地下1階)


                              ・弾塑性応答(剛性大)
                  [cm]

                              ・初回降伏時の層間変形角:1/240

                              ・塑性率:1.561


                   Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
せん断力-層間変位の履歴
          [N]                                                 [N]
6層(5階)                            4層(3階)



                        [cm]                                                          [cm]




                ・弾性応答

                ・層間変位角:1/40~1/50
5層(4階)    [N]                                                  [N]
                                  3層(2階)



                        [cm]                                                           [cm]




                         Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
層間変位-時間応答
6層(5階)                    3層(2階)




5層(4階)                    2層(1階)




4層(3階)                   1層(地下1階)




                                                          :最大加速度発生時刻
               Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
今後の展望
 ‐ future view ‐




     Three-Dimensional Structural Model and Earthquake Resistance Analysis
今後の展望
・三次元立体構造モデルの固有値解析

・三次元立体構造モデルにおける動的応答解析

・より正確な観測データの収集
END

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2012卒業研究_09N1120_程島遥平_立体構造モデルの作成と動的耐震検討