1. Future City Mega Issues
Environment

2. The environment
will save itself

3. Environment: Greenhouse
Global temperature risen by ~ 0.9 degrees since industrial revolution
Why this
matters?
More extreme
storms
More
droughts
More
heatwaves
Wind & flood
damage
Damage to
vegetation, city
amenity, public health
More blackouts and
deaths amongst
vulnerable

4. Environment: Greenhouse
Global temperature risen by ~ 0.9 degrees since industrial revolution
Why this
matters?
More extreme
storms
More
droughts
More
heatwaves
Wind & flood
damage
Damage to
vegetation, city
amenity, public health
More blackouts and
deaths amongst
vulnerable
It’s Local Government
that wears the cost of
climate change adaptation.

5. Too hot….
Four Degree Increase in 86 Years
- as tracking with Australia’s 5% target
- from 9 to 21 days of over 35 degrees (avge)
- 50% less rainfall. - Sea level up 1.1 metres
-- Zero snow cover - Rapid species loss
-- Refugees up 250m - ‘Harvesting’ of frail - Riots
- Blackouts and high energy costs
– Loss of business revenue City of Melb $9m day
-And more…
Urban Heat Island
– up to 7 degree difference

6. City design to adapt

7. City design to adapt

8. Environment: Greenhouse
Past 5 yrs
Reduced by 31%
16 to 11 tonnes
greenhouse pa
Saving over
$400K pa in
energy costs
1.26m tonnes emitted
collectively by MV
community.
7.3 tonnes per capita
Council
emissions
Community
emissions
It appears we’ve
peaked in MV
Very rare – due to
little industry
World’s largest per
capita emitter .
(28t per person)
15th largest total
emitter in world
Australia total
538m tonnes pa
(103% of 1990)National
emissions

9. Environment: Greenhouse
Past 5 yrs
Reduced by 31%
16 to 11 tonnes
greenhouse pa
Saving over
$400K pa in
energy costs
1.26m tonnes emitted
collectively by MV
community.
7.3 tonnes per capita
Council
emissions
Community
emissions
It appears we’ve
peaked in MV
Very rare – due to
little industry
World’s largest per
capita emitter .
(28t per person)
15th largest total
emitter in world
Australia total
538m tonnes pa
(103% of 1990)National
emissions
However on track for 4 degrees climate change
To keep it to 2 degrees will stunt GDP growth by 1-5% by 2050
(however our global incomes will have doubled by then)

10. Flooding and
waterway damage…

11. City design to adapt

12. Environment: Water
Reduced by 53%
since 2001
(374 ML in 01/02 to
175 ML 11/12)
Reduced
stormwater
pollutants by 10%
(rain gardens &
wetlands)
Reduced by 35%
since 2001
(13,327 ML in 01/02
to 8625 ML 11/12)
Council water
use
Community
Water use
Source 63 ML
from stormwater.
(Up to 7000 ML
available)
12 year millenial drought was “the driest multi-year period on record,
..also by far the hottest” (BOM)

13. Lost…
Efficient Appliances - save A$3.2 billion
(A$2.7b by households).
Saved 13.5m tonnes of greenhouse gases.
Shade Tree– if none, $8000+ less value
Food– throw out $2000yr of edible food

14. City design to adapt

15. Pobblebonk mating call:
from 800m to only 14m…
1 to 2 species extinct each year.
Over 35% threatened.
We only know of 1.5m out of 5m species.
Habitat destruction vast – land use vital
Colony collapse disorder:
impacting food security and species
Brown butterfly emerging 10
days earlier due to higher temps
Species extinction

16. City design to adapt

17. Air pollution
Still so unknown and unregulated
- outdoor air pollution is
carcinogenic to humans
- 2 million premature deaths
worldwide
-pesticides, dry cleaning, diesel,
fire retardants, coolant, etc
- plastics
-autism, developmental delays,
cancer, heart attacks, asthma

18. Trees help
418 street trees in Flemington
- remove 177kg of air pollution
- hold 421 tonnes of carbon
- slow down 122m3 of stormwater

19. City design to adapt

20. Environment: Waste
2012- Moonee Valley households generated 43,000 tonnes of waste
The rest
Recycle (Yellow) & Garden
(Green) bins (23,000 tonnes)46% is diverted from
landfill due to recycling
2003/04
just 15%
diverted
-Landfill levies
-Revenue from selling
recyclables

21. Environment: Waste
2012- Moonee Valley households generated 43,000 tonnes of waste
The rest
Recycle (Yellow) & Garden
(Green) bins (23,000 tonnes)46% is diverted from
landfill due to recycling
2003/04
just 15%
diverted
-Landfill levies
-Revenue from selling
recyclables
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
Tonnes(millions)
Recovered (actual) Landfilled (actual)
Total generated (strategy) Landfilled (strategy)
Total generated (business as usual)

22. Resources are limited (and so is space)

23. City design to adapt

24. City design to adapt

25. Emerging Economy
New types of jobs and business
needing different land uses,
built form, infrastructure,
communication and design

26. Service Plans
Should they also address these gaps?
1. Climate Change
– more extreme storms, more heat waves, more extended droughts
2. Emerging economy and services
- different jobs and industries and supporting needs
3. Emergency Impacts
– more pandemics, flooding, riots
4. Technology advancements
- ‘virtual care’, driverless cars, adaptable homes, crowd-sourcing data
5. Contamination
- Land contamination and air pollution – identification and clean up
6. Community activism
– seeking more knowledge, input, transparency, and urban action