2. INTRODUCTION
Food - the basic necessity of mankind.
Among the Astanga of Ayurveda, Shalakya tantra holds an important
role.
Dentistry and oral surgery forms a subsection of Shalakya Tantra.
3. • It was Susrutha who could, for the first time
differentiated between the various diseases of oral
cavity in general and of gums and teeth in particular.
• In Ayurvedic Samhitas emphasized on oral hygienic
measures like दन्तधावन , जिह्वा ननर्लेखन, गण्डूष, कवर्ल,
ताम्बूर्ल सेवन and other oral hygienic measures.
HISTORICAL REVIEW
4. Vedic period
• In Rig Veda the word “Danta” is used.
• Ashwini Kumaras the God physicians and
surgeons given a new teeth to pushanva is
mentioned by the author of Shatapatha
Brahmana
(a commentary on Shukla Yajurveda).
• In Atharva Veda also we will find the
references of danta rogas
5. The procedures for controlling gingival diseases
are as old as recorded history. In 3000 B.C. itself
gold and silver toothpicks were buried by the
Sumerians with their dead bodies.
• By the 18th century, modern dentistry developed
but 19th century witnessed several developments
that revolutionized the field.
6. • Mukha roga prakaran
– Dantamula rogas (gingival and periodontal diseases)
– Danta rogas (dental diseases)
• The seven subsites of mukha according to Susrutha are
(1) Oshta(Lips)
(2) Dantamula (Gums)
(3) Danta (Teeth)
(4) Jihva (Tongue)
(5) Talu (Palate)
(6) Kantha (Throat)
(7) Sarvani (Entire oral cavity mucosa).
7. THE ORIGIN AND NATURE OF DANTA
• The origin of teeth is from Pitrujabhava since it is
Composing of Asthi and Majja.
• Acharya Susrutha has defined the teeth as ‘Ruchakasthi’
• Teeth - Asthi and Majja dhatu
• Synonyms - dashana, Radana, Rada, Dwija
8. • According to ancient Acharyas, the
humans have 32 teeth.
permanent - (Sakrijjata)
deciduous - (Dwija).
11. DANTAMOOLA
Acharya Kashyapa in the Kashyapa Samhita
has mentioned, Dantamula are developed from
Rakta Dhatu in the womb of mother and later
grow in shape and becomes firm.
Synonyms -
दन्तमांस, दन्तवेष्ट्टका,
दन्तावेष्ट्ट, दन्तबन्दन
12. In Ayurvedic Classical texts the term
Dantaveshta posses two meanings:
- A structure in mukha refers to the tissue
surrounding the danta.
- As a disease > Dantaveshtaka is one among the
Dantamula roga’s.
The Sandhi between the Danta and
Dantamula is called the उल्र्लुकर्ल सजन्ध.
18. Definition : Pain arising from exposed dentin typically in
response to thermal, chemical stimuli, osmotic etc…
C/F : Sudden pain
Generalized hypersensitivity
Diagnosis : Measuring of sensitivity-
Stimulate the area with compressed air
Hypersensitivity
19. Attrition :
Loss of dental tissue caused by tooth to tooth
contact during mastication.
Tooth Wear
Abrasion :
Loss of dental tissue caused from abrasion
by a foreign substance.
Erosion
Progressive loss of hard dental tissue by chemical
processes
Eg: Tooth contact with acids
Regurgitation of HCl
20. Management of vÉÏiÉSliÉ
• xuÉåSlÉand sÉåZÉlÉ of SliÉmÉÉÍsÉ
• SWûlÉwith iÉæsÉ
• mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉwith SÉÌQûqÉiuÉMç,त्रिफर्ल, vÉÑÇÌP
• aÉhQÕûwÉwith ¤ÉÏUÏवृक्ष MüwÉÉrÉ
40. Pit and fissure caries Buccal and lingual surface caries
Occlusal surface
caries
Hidden caries Root surface caries
41. Types
1. Intra oral-X-ray film is inside the mouth.
Bite-wing
Periapical
Occlusal
2. Extra oral- film is outside the mouth.
Radiographs
42. » Highlight the crown of the teeth.
» Reduction in radiopacity of the enamel.
Indication:
» To find cavities between the teeth
» To see tartar on the root.
Bitewing X-rays
Periapical X-ray
The teeth from either the upper or lower jaw
in one portion of the mouth are shown.
43. Occlusal X-ray
» Larger
» Full arch of the teeth in either the upper or
lower jaw is shown.
» Highlight tooth development and placement
Panaromic x-ray (OPG)
Show the entire mouth area-all teeth on
the upper and lower jaws-on a single X-
rays.
44. » x-ray of the entire side of the
head.
» Used to look at the teeth in
relation to the jaw for teeth
alignment.
Cephalometric projections
45. » Removing the caries and replacing the lost
substance of the tooth with a filling.
Types of restoration:
» Direct restorations: Filling is placed directly into
the prepared cavity.
» Requires a single visit
Materials used
Dental amalgam, GIC ,composite fillings.
Treatment of caries
48. Crowns
» These are the coverings that fit over teeth.
» Made of porcelain.
Indications:Broken down old fillings.
Sensitive tooth
Malformed or discolored teeth.
Extensive damage by decay
58. » Loss of tooth support
» Inflammation
Class O Complete tooth stability.
Class I Tooth moves 1/2 mm buccally and 1/2 mm
lingually.
Class II All degrees between Class I and Class III
mobility of up to 1mm in any direction.
Class III Tooth is terminally mobile. Greater than 1 mm
in any direction and is depressible in the socket.
Tooth Mobility
59. Jalandharabandham
A position of the body maintained, which constricts the nerve plexuses
situated in the kantha , thereby blocking the impulses carried in them
from reaching their destined centres of perception and transiently/
temporarily controlling the sensation of pain.
70. Chronic periodontitis
• Chronic periodontitis is a common disease of the oral
cavity consisting of chronic inflammation of the
periodontal tissues that is caused by accumulation of
profuse amounts of dental plaque.
77. Gangrenous stomatitis
• Gangrenous stomatitis (cancrum oris) is a lesion involving the
orofacial structures that is primarily seen in areas where the
socioeconomic standards are low and there is poor hygiene
78. उपकु श
Vitiation of षपत्त, रक्त
वेष्ट्टेषु दाह पाकश्च
दन्त चर्ला
प्रस्रावजन्त शोणणतं
मन्द वेदनं
मुखं पूनत च िायते
उपकु श
79. Stomatitis
• Stomatitis is inflammation of the mucosa. The term
refers to any inflammatory process affecting the
mucous membranes of the mouth and lips, with or
without oral ulceration
80. • Shodana
• Raktamokshana – Rubbing with leaves of Gojiwaha.
• Pratisarana – madhu, Panchalavana, Trikatu.
• Kavala – Pippali, Sarshapa, nagara.
• Nasya - Kakolyadi gana siddha gritha.
86. Perichoronitis
• Also known as operculitis, is inflammation of
the soft tissues surrounding the crown of a
partially erupted tooth, including the gingiva
(gums) and the dental follicle.
• Caused by an accumulation of bacteria and
debris beneath the operculum, or by mechanical
trauma (e.g. biting the operculum with the
opposing tooth)
87. • Chedhana of Adhimamsa
• Lepa – Vacha, Tejovati, Patha, Sarjikshara, yavakshara and
madhu.
• Kavala – Pippali and madhu
• Vrana dhavana – Patola,
Triphala, Nimba Kashaya
• Shirovirechana and Dhooma
Apamarga
90. Conclusion
• Ethics of ideal dentistry is to prevent the dental
disorders and restore the dentures in its native form.
• The proper application of Dincharya explained in
Ayurvedic classics plays a major role in preventing
oral cavity diseases.
• Lack of anesthetic agents is a major lacuna in
executing surgical procedures in danta and danta
moolagata rogas explained in classics.