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1. Computer-Based
Information System
( CBIS )

2. Why ?
Advancement in the principles and
functional areas of business
Increasing sophistication and speed of
response through strategic planning and
balanced control for managerial decision-
making
A constant demand for information which
should be provided to the right person at
the right time and in right quantity

3. Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)
System Analyst
Database Administrator
Network Specialist
Programmers
Information
Management
Management of
Resources
Information
Personnel
Machines
Materials
Money
Physical Resources Conceptual Resources
requires Information Specialist
• Acquiring information
• Processing information in efficient manner
• Discarding information with relevant and recent
information

4. What are mangers concerned about ?
Global economic influence
Worldwide competitive environment
Increasing complexity of technology
Revised focus on DSS
Changing nature of OAS
Application of artificial intelligence
Shrinking time frames
Social constraints

5. Model of a Computer-based Information System
Accounting information system
Management information system
Decision-support system
The virtual office
Knowledge-based system
Computer-based information system
( CBIS )Problem
InformationDecision
Problem
solution

6. Circular CBIS Life Cycle
1. Planning phase
2. Analysis phase
3. Design phase
4. Implementation
phase
5. Use phase

7. Evolution of IT
Robert L. Nolan presents a
framework on evolution of IT
• Data processing era
• Information Technology era
• Network era

8. Evolution of IT
Data Processing
era
Net working era
Information
technology era
1960 1980 1995 2010

9. Evolution of IT
Organisations were functional
hierarchies
Work methods and procedures were
well defined
TPSs were given preferences for
better allocation and control of
resources
Between 1960-1980

10. Evolution of IT
Refocused the use of IT on
knowledge-workers
MIS with IT
OAS, micro computing, CAD, CAM,
robotics emerged
Between 1980-1995

11. Evolution of IT
IT combined with network to leverage
business results
A particular system of IT sometimes
found inadequate
IT combined with new organisational
form will bring about dramatic change
and productivity improvements
Between 1995-2010
Nolan predicted that IT combined with network would help
Organisation to create 10-fold productivity

12. Organisational changed process with IT
Phase I
Investment /
Project
Management
Phase III
Management
Control
Phase IV
Wide spread
Technology
transfer
Phase II
Technology
Learning and
Adaptation
Implementing the
technology
Trying the
Technology
Managing the
technology

13. How does IT help ?
Individual
Functional unit
Organisation
as a whole
Improving
efficiency
Improving
effectiveness
Facilitating
transformation
Impact on: through:

14. What is efficiency ?
It can be defined as ‘doing
things right’.

15. What is effectiveness ?
It can be defined as ‘doing
the right things’ or doing
the things that need to be
done to achieve the
desired result

16. Transformation
Change in the way of doing business
Change in the nature of the product
and / or service
An entire transformation in the
operation of a functional unit or
organisation as a whole

17. Effect of IT on Individual, functional unit
and organisation
Individual Functional
unit
Organisation
Efficiency Task
mechanisation
Process
automation
Boundary
extension
Effectiveness Work
improvement
Functional
enhancement
Service
enhancement
Trasformation Role expansion Functional
redefinition
Product
innovation

18. Effect of IT on Individual, functional unit
and organisation
Individual Functional unit Organisation
Efficiency Task
mechanisation
 word processing
Spreadsheet for
budget
Process
automation
Automated word
processing and inventory
control
Boundary extension
On-line order entry linking
customers and suppliers
Effectiveness Work improvement
Using prospective
database to generate
sales letters
Functional
Enhancement
Computer aided design
Computer aided
management
Service enhancement
Hotels can introduce video-
conferencing
Trasformation Role expansion
Using laptop to do
‘what … if’ questions
Functional
Redefinition
Book with CD-ROM by
publishing company
Product innovation
To go for diversification and
open-up new business
opportunities

19. Problem solving through IT
External environment
Internal environment
Present
State
Desired
State
System
action