I recently had the pleasure of giving a lecture at the Hochschule für Musik Franz Liszt in Weimar, Germany, on the subject of the current state of, and challenges faced by the British music industry in the twenty-first century. This presentation accompanied the lecture and tackles issues including the change in media formats, the rise of the MP3, illegal downloads and the live music scene.

1. The British Music Industry Adaption to the challenges of the twenty-first century Stuart Moss Leeds Metropolitan University [email_address] @ents_leeds_met

2. Some facts The UK Music Industry was worth £3.9bn in 2009, up 4.7% on 2008. (PRS, 2010) The UK is the second largest (behind the USA) source of repertoire in the world. The UK is the world’s fourth-largest music market, accounting for 9.2% of global sales in 2009. The biggest selling album in the world in 2007, 2008 and 2009 was by a British artist (Coldplay / Amy Winehouse / Susan Boyle). UK artists accounted for 48.8% of album sales in the UK. Rock was the biggest genre in 2009’s albums market, but Pop closed the gap to just two percentage points (29% of sales compared to Rock's 31%). (BPI, 2010a)

3. Henderson (2009) Creative destruction

4. Genre development Moss and Henderson (2009)

5. Traditional music supply chain (for purchased music) Moss and Henderson (2009)

6. The labels The 'big four' Independent music labels also feature heavily in the UK In order to remain viable many use the 'big four' to distribute their products, particularly Sony Music.

7. The MP3 Supply Chain (for purchased music) Moss and Henderson (2009)

8. Music doesn't HAVE to be bought to be legally consumed, but do the artists benefit? SPOTIFY : With Spotify, we’ll get 0.003 EUR/play. If you listen to the album all the way through, we’ll get 0.029 EUR. If you listen to the album 10 times on Spotify, we’ll get 0.29 EUR If you listen to it a hundred times, we’ll get 2.94 EUR If you listen to the album 1,000 times (once a day for 3 years!) we’ll get 29.47 EUR! If you use the free version of Spotify, it won’t cost you anything. Spotify will make money from ads. DEEZER : (A Spotify like service in UK and France) Deezer seems to pay a little more. We’ve been getting 0.006 EUR/play from them. That’s 0.052 EUR/album play. If you listen to the album 10 times on Deezer, we’ll get 0.52 EUR. If you listen to it a hundred times, we’ll get 5.2 EUR. If you listen to the album 1,000 times (once a day for 3 years!) we’ll get a whopping 52 EUR! If you use the free version of Deezer, it won’t cost you anything and Deezer will make money from the ads. eMUSIC: eMusic is a subscription service. The cost of the album will depend on the plan you have. We get roughly $0.29/song or $2.60/album (9 songs). Hypebot (2011)

10. Some facts about UK downloading BPI (2010b) 152,700,000 - sales of singles in 2009, 98% of which were digital 500,000,000 - digital singles sold to date in UK by Sept 2010 50,000,000 - digital albums sold to date in UK by Sept 2010 1,200,000,000 - single music tracks illegally downloaded in 2010 from unauthorised sources £280.5m - retail value of digital music market in 2009, 20% of overall £1.4bn recorded music market £984,000,000 - retail value of single tracks downloaded in 2010 from unauthorised sources 82p – average retail price of single digital track

13. Live Music Continued growth area. Large-scale live music across all the UK attracts at least 7.7m attendances by domestic and overseas (5%) music tourists. 'Music tourists' contribute £864m per year to the UK economy (equivalent to 19,700 full-time jobs). Legislation and bureaucracy governing live music events has been reduced. (UK Music, 2011)

17. References (1) BBC. (2011a) London riots: Enfield fire hits Machester's music scene . [Internet] BBC, London. Available at: < http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-14541764 > BBC. (2011b) Jeremy Hunt urges web firms to join anti-piracy drive . [Internet] BBC, London. Available at: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14916484> BBC Newsbeat. (2011a) Traffic light plan for online music search results . [Internet] London, BBC. Available at: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/14219733> BBC Newsbeat. (2011b) Music festivals struggling due to overcrowded market . [Internet] London, BBC. Available at: < http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/14446562 > British Phonographic Institute. (2010a) The market . [Internet] London, BPI. Available at: < https://bpi.co.uk/music-business/article/the-market.aspx >