Memory is stored information that can be impacted by brain injury or diseases like Alzheimer's. There are three types of memory: sensory, short-term, and long-term. Effective memory techniques include encoding information in multiple ways, reviewing information continually, and learning in the same state as recall. However, false memories of events that never happened can also be implanted.

2. Information that has
been stored for later
recall.

4. • Sensory Memory – recognition of information received by
any of the senses.
• Short Term Memory – Also called Working Memory.
Temporarily holds between 5 and 7 “chunks” of information.
• Long Term Memory – Allows the storage of virtually an
unlimited amount of information.

5. • Visual Memory – This type of memory holds an
impression of everything we look at for a brief moment.
Stare at something for a long period of time and then look
away and the object is still viewable.
• Echoic Memory – Sounds may seem to linger in our mind
even after it has ceased.

7. That is exactly what happened to
British Conductor and musician
Clive Wearing.
A brain infection left him with a
memory of only 10 seconds.
He still plays the piano very well but
does not remember ever playing in
the past.
You would have to introduce
yourself to him every 10 seconds.
He still remembers his wife, but
every 10 seconds he thinks she just

8. Memory loss can occur from many things.
Two of the most common are:
• Brain Injury – In some cases reversible.
• Alzheimer's – No cure yet. Although
caffeine is showing some promising
results with rats.

10. Stage 1 – Encoding
Perceiving and categorizing information received from
sensory memory.
Stage 2 – Storing
Moving information from sensory to short term memory and to
long term memory if needed.
Stage 3 – Retrieval
Accessing information that has been stored.

11. Memory is still a
mystery to psychology.
Many Psychologist
theorize that a
physiological change
takes place within the
synaptic areas to
create a memory.
Although Psychologist
do not fully understand
the changes that take
place they do
understand how to
enhance memory.

13. Pros Cons
• Usually Effective • Not everyone can master
it.
• Quick.
• Information is not retained
• Great for numbers and long term.
small bits of information. • Cannot be used when
dealing with large
amounts of information.

14. Pros Cons
• Can be effective once • Travel route needed.
mastered.
• Only takes a short time to • Associated objects must
form associations. be recalled also.
• Great for lists. • Cannot be used when
dealing with large
amounts of information.

15. Pros Cons
• Has proven very effective. • Imagination needed.
• Makes information • The whole narrative story
interesting. must be remembered.
• Great for lists and • Makes recalling more time
numbers. consuming.

16. The method of relearning only seems to have cons.
• It is very time consuming.
• Information is learned and once forgotten it is relearned.
• Less than 50% effective.

17. This theory states that an individual will recall information
more effectively if he or she is in the same state as when
the information was first encoded.
Some examples would be:
• Taking a test in the same room where the lecture was
given.
• Studying without music if the same music will not be
available during the test.

18. Information is understood and studied continually after
learning.
• Extremely effective because information is always being
reintroduced to the mind.
• Can be used when learning small or large amounts of
information.
• Has a very high likelihood of permanent memory
retention.

20. • False and implanted memories are memories of events
that never occurred.
• These memories can be implanted by other people.
• Dreams from childhood may seem to be a memory now
and not a dream.
• Many innocent people have been incarcerated due to
false memories.

21. • Memory is stored information.
• Damage to the brain can cause various memory
problems.
• Most effective ways to memory retention are:
• Writing what we hear and reading aloud what we write.
• Continually reviewing the information. (Overlearning)
• Have an understanding and interest in what is being learned.
• It is possible to have memories of events that never
occurred.