Use of GIS and Social Media in Knowledge Management System for Ecotourism by Mehmet Secilmis

1. Mehmet Secilmis

2.  Goal of our Project
 Tourism and Ecotourism
 Knowledge Management, GIS and Social Media
 Examples of GIS and Social Media Use
 Development of a KMS for Ecotourism Using GIS and Social
Media
 Conclusions and Recommendations

3.  Investigate, learn and develop a KMS for ecotourism using
GIS and social media that would provide an advantage for
ecotourism travel agencies
 Such KMS would include:
 Database with knowledge capture, creation, codification
capability using social media, Google Earth, NGOs,
government, private industry etc. as a source
 Analysis and mapping (GIS) capability that provides
knowledge access, application, sharing
 Tourism marketing materials like brochures, posters,
presentations, videos, maps that could be publicized
through social media, Google Earth and other internet
platform to generate revenue

4.  It is the largest business sector in the world economy,
the Travel & Tourism
 Industry is responsible for over 230 million jobs and
over 10% of the gross domestic product worldwide.
 In 2012, Travel & Tourism (consumption, investment,
government spending and exports) is expected to
grow 8% and total US$9 trillion.
 If tourism were a country, it would have the 2nd
largest economy, surpassed only by U.S.
 In over 150 countries (four out of five), tourism is
one of five top export earners. In 60 countries, tourism is
the number one export.

5. International
Tourist Arrivals
 1950: 25 M
 1990: 250 M
 2005: 800 M
 2010: 940 M
 2020: 1.56 B
(estimated)

6. Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the
environment and improves the well-being of local
people.
Ecotourism is one of the fastest growing segments of
tourism worldwide, and is growing at a pace of more
than 20 percent annually - two to three times faster
than the tourism industry overall.

7. Knowledge Management is the systematically and
organizationally specified process for acquiring,
organizing, and communicating knowledge of employees
so that other employees may make use of it to be more
effective and productive in their work.
There are Two types of knowledge
Explicit Knowledge (Objective) Tacit Knowledge (Subjective)
Knowledge of rationality(mind) Knowledge of experiences(body)
Sequential knowledge (there and
then)
Simultaneous knowledge(here and
now)
Digital knowledge (theory) Analog knowledge (practice)
Source: IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.9 No.2, February 2009

8. Learning
Organization
Intellectual
Assets
Business
Transformation
Knowledge
Based
Information
Management
Innovation
Knowledge Management
Source: IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.9 No.2, February 2009

9. GIS integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing,
analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced
information. GIS allows us to view, understand, question, interpret,
and visualize data in many ways that reveal relationships, patterns,
and trends in the form of maps, globes, reports, and charts.

12.  Geo-demographics and lifestyle analysis which can be
performed by a GIS could have a significant
contribution in the needs of post-modern tourism
marketing.
 There is a growing trend, which indicates smaller,
and more personalized or specific types of tourism.
 Therefore, managers or stakeholders responsible for
tourism marketing could be benefited from GIS in
order to locate and analyze the characteristics of
potential customers.

13. Illinois, USA: A GIS-based recreational facility inventory
was conducted in Illinois.
The database contained 17 layers of spatial themes
including 3 layers with data on 2,523 recreational sites
with associated attributes. This comprehensive database
allowed several types of analyses including facility supply
analysis, equity analysis, site suitability analysis, and
connectivity analysis.

14. Nepal : Identifying and mapping effects of visitor use on
trails. GIS was used in mapping trail impacts and in
determining the relationship between impacts and
environmental features.
Trail-specific information such as soil erosion, vegetation
loss along trail transects, trail braiding, bedrock exposure,
trail displacement, muddy and wet trails were mapped and
integrated with visitor use data such as visitor density
along different sections of trail, pack stock density, and
density of lodge accommodation.

15. Cumberland County Ecotourism Plan:
County started using GIS, building an inventory of tourist
attractions focusing on the ecological and historical treasures,
producing maps and posters for final marketing materials.
 The ecotourism campaign has paid off as Cumberland
County experienced the second highest tourism
growth in NJ in 2006.
 Cumberland and Cape May counties generate 14
percent, or $4.9 billion, of the States revenue for
tourism, state’s second largest industry.
 Ecotourism is a major part of Cumberland County’s
economic future.

17.  Social media is the collaboration and engagement of
people local or global sharing information back and forth
across different mediums.
 Social media is like a networking event except it’s
online. It connects people with people, media,
businesses, helps small businesses promote
themselves without having to use a big budget, old
colleagues, careers, helps you find family members
you haven’t seen in a while, a high school reunion
and much more.
 The best part of social media is you don’t have to
look for it, all you need to do is start engaging by
continuing the conversation.

18.  25% of time spent on the Internet.
 Four out of five active internet users visit social
networks.
 In 10 major global markets, social networks and
blogs reach over 75% of active Internet users.
 60% of people learned about a specific brand or
retailer from a social networking site. And, 48% of
these consumers responded to a retailer's offer
posted on Facebook or Twitter.
 70% of active online adult social networkers
shop online.
 53% of active adult social networkers follow a
brand.

19. Source: 2011 Social Media Marketing Industry Report, April 2011, by Michael A. Stelzner

20. Source: 2011 Social Media Marketing Industry Report, April 2011, by Michael A. Stelzner

21. Australia: Nothinglikeaustralia.com site uses maps, photos, videos (similar to Google
Earth) and more to promote travel to Australia.

22. Japan Facebook Page: Visit Japan 2010 has a Facebook page that aggregates all the travel
info and links. The layout is clean and information is organized. It’s the first place (not
Google!) many people would go to when planning for a Japan trip.

23. New Zealand has a YouTube channel that not only shows you great videos, it helps you
plan your trip as well. The channel links you to information about New Zealand, getting to
New Zealand, places to stay, and a map.

24. Vegas Chicago
Vancouver

25. Data Knowledge
Information
Processed Relevant & Actionable
Actionable Data
Relationship between Data, Information and Knowledge
Findings and Analysis
Source: IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.9 No.2, February 2009

26. Source: IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.9 No.2,
February 2009
Web Client
Interface Layer
Application Layer
Business Intelligence System, Executive Information System, Corporate Portal,
SMS and security, Data warehousing and Data Mining
Enterprise Application Integration Layer
Middle ware Layer
Repositories
Oracle
database
Lotus Notes
Database
Others
Hotels
Travel Agencies
Governemnt
Tourists
Societies
NGO’s
Ecotourism Knowledge Management
Infrastructure
• Organizations with multiple clients
and multiple servers or called as
LAN (Local area network) the
model of infrastructure of
ecotourism knowledge
management in Collaborative
Environment is given in the
Diagram.
• Stakeholders of ecotourism may
have multiple clients and servers
that are linked up to each other
using wireless or wired cabling
with high bandwidth.
• They are not only working with
LAN but they are also working
WAN network too.

27. • For the purpose of implementing the ecotourism KMS in term of
acquiring knowledge in collaborative environment, these are some
involved processes and enablers are given below:
• Identify Knowledge (Determine sources and type of knowledge)
• Collect Knowledge (Gather and transform knowledge according to
the specifications)
• Adapt Knowledge (Categories the knowledge)
• Organize Knowledge (Prepare and mapping knowledge into the
specific requirements.)
• Store Knowledge (Keep and indexing the knowledge dynamically)
These processes are involved the technical aspects like Application of
Intranets, Electronic Document Management System (EDMS),
Information Retrieval (IR), Relational and Object Database, Electronic
Publishing System, Groupware and Workflow Management System,
Agent Based Technology, and Data Mining Tools.
Ecotourism Knowledge Acquisition Technology

28. Techniques Applications Mode of
Involvement
Synchronous
Technique(ST)
• Meeting room
• Discussion
• Forum
Same Time & Place
Asynchronous
Technique(AT)
• Bulletin Board
system
• Notice Board
Different time
same place
Distributed
Synchronous
Collaboration
(DSC)
• Videos
Conferencing
• Tele-
Conferencing
• Chatting
Same time
Different place
Distributed
Asynchronous
Collaboration
(DAC)
• Email
• Short
Messaging
System (SMS)
• Voice Mail
• Fax Machine
Different time and
places
In the process of disseminating
knowledge of KMS in
collaboration environment,
there are four types of
technique that could be
considered. These techniques
consists of Synchronous
Technique (ST), Asynchronous
Technique (AT) Distributed
Synchronous Collaboration
(DSC) and Distributed
Asynchronous Collaboration
(DAC
Ecotourism Knowledge Dissemination
Technology

29. Work Flow
Project
Management
Transparent
Capture Tools
Groupware Data
Warehouse
Web
Conferencing
Ecotourism
Knowledge Management
Technologies
Document
Management
Decision
Support
Systems

30. Transparent
Capture Tools
Groupware
Ecotourism
Knowledge Management
Technologies
Work Flow
Project
Management
Document
Management
Data
Warehouse
Web
Conferencing
Decision
Support
Systems
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS

31. Internet
Social Media
Google Earth
Surveys
Government
NGOs
Private Industry
GIS
Database
Analysis
Identify, Collect
Knowledge
Adapt , Organize,
Store
Knowledge
Sharing, Application, Dissemination
Knowledge
KMS for Ecotourism
Meeting room
Discussion
Forum Bulletin
Board system
Notice Board
Videos
Conferencing
Tele-Conferencing
Chatting Email
Short Messaging
System (SMS)
Voice Mail
Fax Machine
Presentations
Brochures
Posters
Videos
Static Maps
Internet Mapping
Social Media
Google Earth
Internal External
(Marketing)

32. Saklikent%20Gorge%20-%20YouTube.mht

34. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPNNoQK-c-w

40. • Ecotourism is one of the fastest growing
segments of tourism worldwide.
• Geo-demographics and lifestyle analysis which can
be performed by a GIS could have a significant
contribution in the needs of post-modern tourism
marketing. There is a growing trend, which indicates
smaller, and more personalized or specific types of
tourism.
• Tourism marketing could benefit from GIS in order to
locate and analyze the characteristics of potential
customers.

41. • Social media becomes important connection
between community and enterprise, which helps
people to share and contribute their thoughts and
information.
• GIS and social media could be utilized for
ecotourism KMS especially in term of the
framework to acquiring and disseminating as
well as managing of ecotourism knowledge in
order to keep and share the best practice and
achieve good of quality of services,
productivity and to gain return of investment
(ROI) in ecotourism sector.

42. Questions?
Mehmet Secilmis