Business Innovation of Grid Connection & Power Quality in Renewable Energies

Maxwell Venture Service LLC All Rights Reserved & Confidential
Business Innovation of Grid
Connection & Power Quality in
Renewable Energies
Maxwell Chen
2019/11/26

Maxwell Venture Service LLC All Rights Reserved & Confidential, 2019
智慧電網、電力輔助服務與需量反應之研討會
2
Date：2019/11/26

Disclaimer and Cautionary Note
 You are about to review presentations, pictures, graphics, tables, comments, filings and/or
other materials of Maxwell Venture Service LLC. The information contained therein is accurate
as of the date thereof. However, that information may be updated, amended, supplemented or
otherwise modified by subsequent presentations, pictures, graphics, tables, comments, filings,
events and/or other materials.
 In addition to the historical information contained therein, these materials contain forward-
looking statements that are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, including but not
limited to statements regarding company, industry, geographic, product, technology or
demand projections, estimates, forecasts, trends, growth or opportunities, or our positioning or
ability to capitalize thereon; target business or financial outlook, projections, estimates,
guidance, forecasts, trends or growth; target business or growth initiatives or strategies;
projections, estimates, forecasts, trends or growth in shipments, sales or average selling prices;
product roadmap; devices which may contain products; or future products, solutions,
technologies, innovations, features or functionality. Forward-looking statements are generally
identified by words such as "expects," "believes," "anticipates," "projects," "estimates,"
"guidance" and similar expressions. Actual results may differ materially from those referred to
in the forward-looking statements due to a number of important factors, including but not
limited to risks associated with the commercial deployment of technologies and sales of
equipment, products and services based on these technologies; competition; our dependence
on a small number of customers and industry players; our dependence on third-party suppliers;
the enforcement and protection of our intellectual property rights; claims by third parties that
we infringe their intellectual property; global economic conditions that impact the industry and
the potential impact on demand for our analysis and forecast. We undertake no obligation to
update any forward-looking statements.
 Content in this presentation is for reference only and should not be a basis for any investment
or business decision making. Maxwell Venture Service LLC assumes no liability.

陳世芳簡介
 學歷：
2002~2004：(新竹)交通大學科技管理研究所碩士，93級。
1996~2000： (新竹)交通大學電子工程學系學士，89級。
 創業投資經驗 (始於2004年9月)：
(1) 華陽創業投資集團；(2) 新加坡祥峰投資(淡馬錫控股子公司)；(3)創義管理顧問/獨立
型創投；(4)國票創業投資(國票金控子公司)；(5) 維揚國際(台揚科技集團)
評估過約2,000個投資案。
 董監事經驗：
2015/02~現在：佑勝光電公司監察人、董事（現任）。
2016/05~2018/03：美學經濟國際股份有限公司執行董事。
海峽數碼公司監察人：2014/05~2016/11, 2011/05~2013/05 (鴻海集團併購之後，更名
為樺緯物聯公司)
2012/01~2013/05：台灣超微光學公司監察人法人代表。
累積數百次參加董事會經驗。
 創業經驗：
2013/06～現在：麥斯管理顧問有限公司創辦人。
 專欄作家：
2017/08～現在：數位時代專欄作家。
2014/09～2017/07：科技新報專欄作家。
2019/02~現在：華城電機專欄作家。
2019/06~現在：WIND.Taiwan 離岸風電。
完整履歷(LinkedIn)：maxwellsfchen
4

本公司經營理念
我們計算與前瞻產業/公司/經營團隊的命運
哲學待人
科學處事
乾
坤
巽
兌
坎
震
艮
離

產業前瞻分析的重要性
 如果看錯趨勢，就算強大如GE這種主權國家企業，也會損失慘重。
 IEEFA, 2019：
GE destroyed an almost unprecedented US$193 billion (bn)1 or 74% of
its market capitalization over 2016-2018.
GE has lost more than a half-trillion dollars in market value since its
all-time high of $600bn, back in 2000.
Much of GE’s precipitous drop came in 2016-2018, when it badly
misjudged the acceleration of the energy transition post-Paris
Agreement.
GE assumed wrongly that demand for natural gas and coal would
continue to track global economic growth.

Maxwell Venture Service（Digital Twin）
Maxwell Industry Foresight
&
Maxwel IoT Investment
Physical Industry
&
Physical Corporate
Maxwell Proactive Consulting
Maxwell Adaptive Alliance
Maxwell Social Groups/Columns
Design for Implementation（可實現性）
Design for Assembly（可組合性-組織+人）
Design for Testing（可測試性）
Design for Adaptation（可適應性）
Validation(確認符合客人需求)
Verification(驗證效果達到規格)
Analysis：Static/Dynamic/Interactive(Runtime)
產業發展是一種資訊傳遞，資料可以被竄改，所以必有資安問題！

From Forecast to Foresight
 foresight = f(forecast, insight, design, verification)
Foresight
Insight
(IP)
Forecast

Architecture of Maxwell Industry Foresight
Source：Michael Porter, Ghemawa, Hill & Jones, Data Compilation ：MVS LLC , 2017
Bargaining
Power
of Suppliers
Industry Rivalry
Threat of
New Entrants
Threat of Substitutes
Bargaining
Power of
Buyers
Complementary
Factors
Political and
Legal Environment
Demographic
Environment
Social
Environment
Macro-economic
Environment
Technology Environment
Surrounding
Industries
Surroundings
Target Industry
Target Company

Power Quality：from Generation to Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Transmission
Distribution
Source: ABB, 2019
Power Quality：Everyone’s Responsibilities, but Nobody Wants Undertaking Cost.
Blackout or shorter equipment lifetime
Business Innovation
or Regulations
10

Eliminating Harmonic Distortion + Surge Protection
Source: ABB, 2019
THD<2.5%
11

30-40% Reactive Power of the Rated Apparent Power is Needed
12

Low Voltage Ride Through
13
HVRT, 110%

Key Localization Topic- STATCOM(<50MVAr)
Source: Taipower, 2018
Voltage Sourced Converter
14

Difference between SVC & STATCOM
Larger Size Smaller Size
Si/SiC IGBT/IGCT
Thyristor
Static VAR Compensators STATic synchronous COMpensator
Response 20~30ms Response <10ms
Cheaper than SVC below 50MVAr
15
Cost Reduction ：
8” SiC

Localization：Hybrid STATCOM
Type 1：SVC+STATCOM for Wilden Voltage Type 2：SC+STATCOM for Inertia
TSC
TSR
Response <10ms
High OPEX
Response <10ms
Response 20~30ms
Precision Simulation is very important!
Flywheel
16

共同廊道設置共同的SVC/STATCOM系統（右邊）
17
集中式STATCOM如果集中故障怎麼辦？
Possible Solution：台灣海峽電網

Difference between Inertia & Fast Frequency Response
18
Source:"Battery Energy Storage Systems as an alternative to gas turbines for the fast active disturbance reserve", Ludvig Wingren & Jonas Johnsson, LUND UNIVERSITY, Master Thesis,
2018
Fast Frequency Response(Irish Grid) = Fast Response Resource(Taipower)
Source:"Beyond The Spin of Green Energy Storage", Euan Mearns, http://euanmearns.com/beyond-the-spin-of-green-energy-storage/
Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF or df/dt), 0.125~2Hz/s

RoCoF – Ratio of Change of Frequency
19
Source：ABB
Robust Power Grid = RoCoF < 1Hz/s

Stabilizing Our Power Grid
20
Source:"Beyond The Spin of Green Energy Storage", Euan Mearns, http://euanmearns.com/beyond-the-spin-of-green-energy-storage/
NGCC or Renewable Hydrogen Power

Pumping a lot of Energy into the Grid to Increase Frequency
21
Source:"Demonstration of Essential Reliability Services by a 300-MW Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant", Technical Report NREL/TP-5D00-
67799, March 2017
Power

Power System Inertia Problem
Introducing Renewable Hydrogen Power
Gas Turbine Technologies
25%
10%
Synchronous Machines Provide Reserve
Converters Provide Reserve
Source:"Penetration of renewables and reduction of synchronous inertia in the European power system – Analysis and solutions", The ASSET project is funded by the
European Commission, 2018
22

Possible Solutions to Increase Inertia
We need to build Renewable Hydrogen/Natural Gas Hybrid Power Plant.
Inverter
Energy Stored in DC Link Capacitors
Source:"Penetration of renewables and reduction of synchronous inertia in the European power system – Analysis and solutions", The ASSET project is funded by the
European Commission, 2018
23

Energy Buffers (DC Link Capacitors), H=0.015~0.12s
Combined-Cycle Renewable
Hydrogen/Gas Hybrid Power
H = 4.3s
Source："Evaluating rotational inertia as a component of grid
reliability with high penetrations of variable renewable energy",
Journal of Energy, 180(2019)258-271
Source:"Penetration of renewables and reduction of synchronous inertia in the
European power system – Analysis and solutions", The ASSET project is funded by
the European Commission, 2018
Source: "Penetration of renewables and reduction of synchronous inertia in the
European power system – Analysis and solutions", The ASSET project is funded by
the European Commission, 2018
24

44% Penetration of Renewable Power with Enough System Inertia
Source："Evaluating rotational inertia as a component of grid reliability with high penetrations of variable renewable energy", Journal of
Energy, 180(2019)258-271
Zero Nuclear
This is the reason why Taipower provides 50% NGCC@2025
NGCC will be replace by Renewable Hydrogen Combined Cycle(RHCC) after 2025
25
44% Renewables

Short-term Balancing & Long-term Backup
Lithium Battery + Renewable Hydrogen Power increase Power Quality.
Zero Abandons of Solar and Wind Power
Power homes when no winds and solar in 7 days
26

Excess Renewable Power to Hydrogen to Power
Source: DNV GL, 2019
Renewable Hydrogen Power is a green
flexible operating reserve to replace
oil power & OCGT, and to be
complementary with CCGT ＆ Demand
Response.
27

Large-scale Commercial Renewable Hydrogen is Competitive
28

Excess Renewable Power Makes Low Cost Hydrogen
$2
29

Siemens Hydrogen/Gas Turbines(Hybrid)
Power Sector
Industry Sector
60~70% Capacity Factor; Recycle & Reuse CO2
30

MHPS’s Hydrogen Power Experience
No CO2 & SOx
Having NOx similar with
CCGT
31

Equinor/Stateoil Shows up
32

Renewable Hydrogen Power(7-37%@2050, EU-28)
37%
7%
Providing enough “inertia” with
small generators for faster on-grid
33

Very Poor Transportation Use
34

Right Markets and Wrong Markets
35

Shell’s Ambitious
36

Why Shell Bought EOLFI(Floating Offshore Wind Developer)
37

Electrification Potential(5-35%)
38

Shell’s Actions
39

Absolute Competitive Advantages of Shell’s New Energy BU
40

Right Timing for Shell to Attack Power Industries
Source: "The History and Evolution of the U.S. Electricity
Industry", The University of Texas at Austin, 2016
Destroy one by one
41

Hydrogen Production from Renewable Energies
Before 2030, more hydrogen means more CO2
CCU：Carbon Capture and Utilization
42

Renewable Hydrogen/Methane(CH4) Grid
 Taipower may be a producer of renewable hydrogen/methane and
sell products to gas grid operator.
Out of Market
43

Avoid Disputes over Natural Gas Receiving Station
Source：”Power-to-gas for injection into the gas grid: What can we learn from real-life projects, economic assessments and systems
modelling?”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 98(2018)302-316
Limited
Known Projects
Historical Projects
Germany
USA
UK
France
Natural Gas Importing War between Taipower & CPC
44

H2 & CO2 Pipeline Systems for CCU
Recycle & Reuse CO2 from Renewable Hydrogen Power
45

Hybrid Gas Grid：H2+Natural Gas
46

CO2 is not a Waste
Source: Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, 2019
47

CARBON UTILIZATION’S MARKET
48

CO2 Market Size
49

Fast Frequency Response BESS
50
FERC Order 755
Source:"Battery Energy Storage Overview", a joint publication by the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance
Corporation, CoBank, and NRTC, 2019

Lithium Battery is for Fast Frequency Resource
51
Supercapacitors inside

Value Proposition of FRR(Lithium BESS)
52
Source:Knap, V., Sinha, R., Swierczynski, M. J., Stroe, D. I., & Chaudhary, S. (2014). Grid Inertial Response with
Lithium-ion Battery Energy Storage Systems. In Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Symposium on
Industrial Electronics, ISIE 2014 (pp. 1817-1822). IEEE Press. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2014.6864891

20% Lithium Cells Do not Fit Automotive Standard
 Tesla在電池組的成本優勢未必在2024年消失，因為尚未考慮cycle time的因素。把
(US$/KWh)/cycle time，才是鋰電池真正的單位成本。
 在DoD(Depth of Discharge）約25%的情況下，目前產業界標準的cycle time約是4,000次。
Tesla在5,000次以上。
 2024年每充一次電的鋰電池成本約新台幣0.275～0.3元（25%DoD, 6000 cycles）
如果汽車公司賣電池給消費者的價格為成本的三倍，則充電成本為NT$0.83~0.9元
/Cycle-KWh。
如果電力成本每度電NT$5元，可跑5公里，平均每公里1元。加上電池成本，平均每公里
約在2元左右。
US＄55-60/KWh@2024

2030年車用鋰電池組成本約US$15-30/KWh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
車用鋰電池組成本(US$/KWh)
年
車用鋰電池組成本下降趨勢
Tesla Industry Average 指數(Tesla) 指數(Industry Average)
Source: BNEF, MVS LLC, 2019

Li[Ni0.89Co0.05Mn0.05Al0.01]O2 (NCMA)
Li[Ni1–x–yCoxAly]O2 (NCA)
Li[Ni1–x–yCoxMny]O2 (NCM)
Li[Ni0.89Co0.05Mn0.05Al0.01]O2 (NCMA)

Most Possible Cost Comparison in 2030
Source: IEA, US DOE, BNEF, MVS LLC, 2019
0.47
0.43
BEV的TCO持續壓制FCEV
FCEV極有可能失去經濟規模量

儲能時間低於14-19小時，鋰電池比氫儲能更便宜
19.33h/US$22.8/MWh 14.45h/US$92.8/MWh
目前多數電力級儲能時間為4小時，遠遠低於14~19小時!

Power Quality in Offshore Grids
58
Source："Power Quality in Offshore Grids", Elisabetta Tedeschi, Dept. of Electric Power Engineering, NTNU, EERA DeepWind Conference, Trondheim, 17 January
2019

臺灣海峽電網概念圖(海電北送)
Multi-terminal
VSC-HVDC or
HVAC
Submarine
Cable
智慧變電站
核電廠
10GW
(Fixed Wind)
3GW
(Floating Wind)
Source：Maxwell Venture Service LLC, 2018

Most Advantageous Tender
60
我建議納入競標評分的項目： (1)開發商自願國產化；(2)電力品質；(3)儲能設備；(4)
抗雷擊設備；(5) 電力調度用的資訊分享

美國離岸風電Day One就競標，所以很快就很便宜
61
台灣需要國產化的原因：美國有GE Group與強大的海上油氣產業，台灣有什麼？
1.2GW
26GW

2050年全球離岸風電預測
62
出版日：2019/07/17
出版日：2019/06/21
Wind Taiwan 離岸風電雜誌
第一期
999GW

Grid Connection & Power Quality 的錢從哪裡來?
63
• 大型離岸風電與太陽光電的LCOE已經低於台電平均售電成本2.6元，例如台電的
1.82元太陽光電與英國的離岸風電1.52元。這中間的差價就可以用來改善電力品質。
• 把平均售電成本降低至2.5元，台電可以獲利，電力品質也可以改善。
• 10GW最有利競標制度（2026-2035）離岸風電，12-15MW離岸風機，LCOE約在
0.56~0.84元（不含grid connection），PQ與localization的錢一定足夠。Auction的價
錢只要低於2.5元就及格了。政府採購法已經改用最有利標制度，廢除最低價標。
• 我的技術預測：地面型太陽光電的成本可以做到和離岸風電一樣便宜,
550+W(60cell)/panel。

Emerging Trends
64

MPPT Increases IRR in Solar Power
65

Power Quality in Smart Building
66

Localization：DERMS
67

Solid State Transformer
68
Source:"Resilient and Immune by Design Microgrids Using Solid State
Transformers", Energies 2018, 11, 3377; doi:10.3390/en11123377
Source:"Solid State Transformer (SST)", FREEDM Systems Center, NC
State University, 2019
Power grid is the most complicated and powerful IoT in the world.
Raising Salaries (加薪) for Taipower’s Employee!!!
SST could enhance the control of “Power Flow” via “Communication Systems”

New Taipower Groups（分散營收來源）
69
台電電信（Taipower Telecom）：智慧電網時代，電力與電信已經融合，分不開了。
• 4/5G企業專網；綠色資料中心；公眾電信（通信電力纜線, Fiber+Copper）
台電氣體（Taipower Gas）：天然氣＋綠色氫氣。
台電資本（Taipower Capital）：投資國內外大型基礎建設，獲得國際經驗。
台電創投（Taipower Ventures）：協助新創事業與台電公司合作，企業發展＋創業投資。

Trustpower in New Zealand
70
電力公司起家
電力油氣電信
未來的世界只剩下能源公司（電力＋油氣＋電信）

56G DFB Laser Diode & Knowledge Graphs(AI)
71
Up to 10km

Solar and Wind Power Dominate Power Industry
Source: IRENA, 2019

Suggestions - Regulations
 Revising「Renewable Energy Development Act」
Mandate renewable generation companies to undertake
responsibilities/costs of power quality, grid connection and
information sharing for power dispatch and grid code.
Virtual/Synthetic/Emulated Inertia
SVC/STATCOM/SC Hybrid
FFR Battery Storage
Mandate grid operators & renewable generation companies to revise
“Grid Code” every year.
Information sharing for power dispatch is a must.
Allow grid operators call for(take over) “Ancillary Services "from
renewable generation companies when an emergency situation
happens.
Mandate renewable energy companies to use high level lightning
protection devices to prevent UK’s lightning strike accident on
2019/8/9.
Mandate auctions of renewable energies must be “Most
Advantageous Tender”
73

Suggestion - Localization
 Joint-Venture is the best approach. 土法煉鋼死路一條。
 New Localization Items：
Hybrid STATCOM
DERMS
Solid State Transformer
Green Data Center/Knowledge Graphs(unknown to unknown)
Energy IoT/Smart Grid
Power Semiconductor (SiC/GaN),
74

真實的成功樣貌
75
能源轉型是30年的長期抗戰（2020-2050）

Maxwell Venture Service

Business Innovation of Grid Connection & Power Quality in Renewable Energies

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Business Innovation of Grid Connection & Power Quality in Renewable Energies

Similar to Business Innovation of Grid Connection & Power Quality in Renewable Energies (20)

More from Maxwell Venture Service LLC

More from Maxwell Venture Service LLC (8)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (10)

Business Innovation of Grid Connection & Power Quality in Renewable Energies