1. Invertebrate AnimalsInvertebrate Animals
I. The Multicellular Condition
A. Adaptations to the Multicellular Condition
1. Cell specialization and division of labor

2. B. Tissue Layers
1. Ectoderm
2. Endoderm
3. Mesoderm
C. Body Types
1. Acoelomate
2. Pseudocoelom
3. Coelom

3. D. Body Symmetry
1. Asymmetrical

4. 2. Spherical

5. 3. Radial

6. 4. Bilateral

7. D. Cephalization
1. Mass of nerve tissue located in the anterior region
2. Accompanies bilateralism

8. E. Cell Specialization and Division of Labor

9. II. Porifera
A. Phylum Examples
1. Salt water sponge
2. Fresh water sponges

10. B. Porifera Characteristics
1. No true tissue layers
2. Asymmetry and radial symmetry
3. No body systems
4. No true tissue
5. Filter feeders
6. Sessile

11. 7. Spicules
Spicule types Spongin

12. 8. Reproduction in sponges
-budding
-gemmule formation

13. III. Cnidaria
A. Phylum Examples
1. Hydra
2. Jellyfish
3. Portuguese man-of-war
4. Sea anemone
5. Coral

14. B. Body forms:
1. Polyp is sessile
2. Medusa is free living

15. C. Hydra
1. Tentacles
2. Gastrodermis
3. Mesoglea

16. 4. Specialized sting cells- Cnidoblast cells with nematocyst
Cnidoblast cells containing nematocysts Nerve net of hydra

17. 5. Nerve net

18. D. Jellyfish

19. 1. Aurelia Life Cycle

20. Damage caused by jellyfish sting

21. E. Portuguese Man-of-War

22. Portuguese man-of-war

23. F. Sea Anemone

24. G. Coral

25. Great Barrier Reef

26. Coral Atoll

27. IV. Platyhelminthes
A. Phylum Examples
1. Planaria
2. Fluke
3. tapeworm

28. B. Phylum Characteristics
1. Flatworms
2. Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm
3. Bilateral symmetry
4. Cephalization
5. Acoelomate body design
6. Free living and parasitic

29. C. Planaria

31. D. Flukes
Fasciola hepatica- sheep liver fluke

32. Fasciola hepatica- sheep liver fluke

34. Taenia saginata

35. V. Nematoda
A. Characteristics
1. Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm
2. Bilateral symmetry
3. Free living and parasitic
4. “Tube within a tube“ body design
5. Pseudocoelom

36. B. Phylum Examples
1. Ascaris

37. 2. Trichinella

38. 3. Hookworms

39. 4. Pinworms

40. VI. Annelida
A. Phylum Examples
1. Earthworm
2. Leech
B. Characteristics of Annelida
1. Segmented body
2. Numerous body systems
C. Earthworm

42. D. Leech

43. VII. Mollusca
A. Examples
1. Mussels, clams, oysters, scallops, snails, slugs, octopi, squid

44. B. Clams

45. Clam anatomy

46. Slug and Snail

47. Squid and Octopus

48. VIII. Arthropoda
A. Centipede
B. Millipede
C. Arachnida
D. Crustacea
F. Insecta

49. B. Diplopoda- Centipede

50. C. Chilopoda- Millipede

51. D. Arachnida- Spider, tick, scorpion

52. E. Crustacea- Crab and lobster

53. F. Insecta

54. IX. Echinodermata
A. Echinoderm Examples
1. Sea star, sand dollar

55. Sea Urchin

56. Sand dollar

57. Sea Cucumber