Vhf powerpoint v2

Submitted by: Susan Henry Keith Noble

Program Goals  Educate first responders on the following:  Background information on Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF)  Recognition of signs and symptoms of VHF  Treatment of patients with S/S of VHF  Transport of patients with VHF  Proper personal protection equipment (PPE) guidelines  Notification guidelines

Program Initiatives  Focus on the recognition, treatment, and transport of suspects VHF patients  Deliver training via an online format  Simple online test  Printable easy to read chart

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF)  A family of viruses causing severe multisystem syndrome  Damages the vascular system  Prevents self regulation ability  Can cause mild conditions or life threatening conditions

 Zoonotic  A disease of animals that may be transmitted to man under natural conditions  Category A agent  Easily transmitted from human to human  High mortality rate  Require special action from public health agenices

Four Types of VHF  Arenaviruses:  Lassa & Latin American Fever  Carried by rats and mice  Transmitted by feces and urine  Bunyaviruses:  Crimean-Congo & Rift Valley  Transmitted though a arthropod vector  Filoviruses:  Ebola & Marburg  Host of virus is unknown, possible bats  Hemorrhagic Flaviviruses:  Yellow & Dengue  Arthropod vector

Recognition is the key

Signs and Symptoms  Minor Signs and  Severe Signs and Symptoms Symptoms  Travel history  Travel history  Petechia (bleeding under the  Fever skin)  Fatigue, weakness  Bleeding from internal  Dizziness organs  Signs of shock  Muscle aches  Bleeding from external  Headache orifices  Sore throat  Nervous system malfunction  Coma, AMS, SZ

Petechia

Possible Travel History

Modes of Transmission  Animal to Human  Human to Human  Contact with  Contact with body fluid  Urine  Contact with  Feces contaminated surfaces  Saliva  Up to 3 weeks  Other body fluids  No agreement as far as  Bites airborne transmission  Shown in monkeys, but not humans

Protective Measures  Double Gloves  Gowns  Masks  Shoe Covers  Eye wear  N95  Also place on patient

N95 Mask

Decontamination  After exposure  Non exposure  Limit exposure with  Disposable equipment proper PPE discarded  Wash with soap and  Non-disposable water autoclaved  Irrigate exposed mucous  Interior of ambulance membranes needs to be disinfected  Disinfection EMS clothing and footwear

Protocol  Proper PPE  Immediately notify supervisor if you suspect VHF – isolate location if possible  Coordinate transport & reception at hospital prior to leaving scene  Hospital needs to be secure  Able to handle isolates patients  Supervisor to contact local and state public health departments

Treatment  Treatment is normally supportive in care  Fever control  Electrolyte control  Fluid replacement  Blood pressure control  Fluid replacement  Pain management

Post Incident Actions  No current post exposure prophylaxis  A fever of over 101F will trigger isolation and treatment  Will be isolated at home or hospital  Supportive treatment as needed  Information will be provided on how to protect family

Common Signs and PPE Treatment Transport Notes Types of VHF Symptoms Required Consideration s Ebola Rapid onset of fever, Spread by direct No standard treatment Isolation Often Fatal headache, joint pain, contact and blood Supportive in nature Proper PPE Filoviridae Virus Hemorrhagic weakness, diarrhea, Standard PPE Fluids and O2 Obtained from Fever vomiting, and Outer gown infected non-human abdominal pain, rash, Rubber boots primates red eyes, internal and HEPA Filter Mask external bleeding may Eye Protection be present Class C Haz-Mat suit Lassa Fever Nonspecific S/S. Spread by direct Ribavirin (antiviral Isolation Arenaviridae Virus May include fever, contact and drug) Proper PPE No S/S in 80% infected chest pain, back pain, contaminated food Supportive Care Most common in West N/V/D, hearing loss, Standard PPE Africa, tremors Gowns, protective Spread from rodents to eyewear humans Marburg Rapid onset of fever. Spread from direct No standard treatment Isolation Filoviridae Virus After 5 days of contact and blood Supportive in nature Proper PPE Rare Hemorrhagic exposure possible Standard PPE Fluids and O2 Spread via Marburg Fever N/V/D, maculpapular Outer gown Bat rash, weight loss, Rubber boots Common in mine massive hemorrhage HEPA Filter Mask workers Eye Protection Class C Haz-Mat suit Dengue Fever High fever, headache, Spread by mosquitoes No standard treatment Isolation Spread by infected severe pain behind Limit mosquito Rest Proper PPE mosquitoes eyes, joint pain, opportunities Fluids Protect from muscle and bone pain, mosquitoes rash, and mild bleeding Yellow Fever S/S after 3 to 6 days: Only spread from No standard treatment Isolation Spread by infected Fever, chills, headache, infected mosquitoes Supportive in nature Proper PPE mosquitoes back pain, bleeding Standard PPE Fluids and O2 Vaccination available from GI tract Protect from mosquitoes Information obtained from the Centers for Disease Control

Vhf powerpoint v2

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