Design for placement and management of animals in permaculture / polyculture systems.

2. “Animals are the moveable parts of forests.” Bill Mollison

3. Needs and Yields AnalysisNeeds and Yields Analysis

4. The function of animals in the ecosystem
is to recycle & distribute nutrients & seeds.

5. “Eggmobiles” & chickens on grass forage (Milan, Italy).
Animals are mediators / translators in cultivated systems
linking us with the plants & animals they consume.

6. Jungles of SE Asia
Forests - Europe, India
Swamps / Forests - Europe
Rocky /
Mountain Areas
Animal origins guide our use & placement

7. Select animals for:
Size & range;
Main products;
Climate suitability;
Hardiness, parasite
/ disease resistance;
Foraging ability;
Temperament;
Ease of birth / mothering;
Quality of wool, feathers…
Resale value…

8. Rotational chicken tillage / forage system.

9. Llamas, like donkeys & burros, consume rough browse, are effective guard
animals for animals like sheep, tolerate temperature extremes, are adapted
to rough terrain.

12. Fodder trees, shelter belts, & windbreaks protect against drought,
reduce need to make & store hay, increase yield of pasture & mine
deep nutrients, reduce animal stress & new-born mortality.

13. Animals provide a domestic supply of milk, meat, eggs, & wool.
They can also maintain undergrowth in woodlots & firebreaks.
Highland cattle in Austria
Animals perform valuable work, contribute to
the structure of a full ecosystem & create
products useful to other animals or humans.

14. Short drilled logs & wood blocks are nesting sites for mason bees
which provide early spring pollination for this Croatian orchard.

15. Beehives in Slovenia

16. Milan, Italy

17. A clearing-house for information on threatened, rare livestock
breeds & genetic diversity. Modern food production favors the use
of a few highly specialized breeds selected for maximum output in a
controlled environment. Many traditional livestock breeds have lost
popularity & are threatened with extinction. They are an essential
part of our agricultural inheritance. Not only do they evoke our past,
they are also an important resource for our future.

18. Tennessee fainting goat

19. Most designs will have wild animals, if only the birds that migrate
through or are temporary residents. Often the larger wild animals --
rabbits, woodchucks, deer -- are seen as pests. Lack of predators allows
these populations to increase to a point where they exceed natural food
supplies. People’s gardens are like supermarkets to them. Bats are one
of the most important, & often overlooked, wild animals in design.

36. Llama & Vicuna

53. Fini