Materi pengenalan fotografi

1. Photography
Introduction
® 2014
Ronaldo
iqronaldo@yahoo.com.hk
Intro & Sharing

2. Contents
1. Tipe Kamera
2. Sensor Kamera
3. Format Gambar
4. Exposure Triangle
5. Mode Kamera
6. Titik Fokus
7. Focal Length

3. Contents (cont’d)
8. Jenis Lensa
9. Komposisi Gambar
10. White Balance
11. Picture Control
12. Mode Aperture
13. Mode Shutter

4. Tipe Kamera
• Handphone Camera
• Pocket Camera
• Advanced Pocket Camera
• Prosumer Camera
• Hybrid / Mirrorless /CSC
• Digital SLR (DSLR)
Beginner, Semipro, Pro

5. Sensor Kamera & Crop Factor
• Handphone size
• Pocket size
• 1 inch type
• Four Third
• APSC
• Full Frame (35mm)
• Medium Format

6. Sensor Kamera & Crop Factor

7. Format Gambar
Photo
• JPEG
• RAW
Proprietary
Needs driver for PC
Video
• MOV
• MP4

8. Format Gambar
JPEG
• Standard format
• Processed by the camera
• Fairly small in size
• Higher in contrast
• Sharper straight out of the camera
• Immediately suitable for printing and web
posting
• Takes up less space on your hard drive
• Is like a print
• Takes up less space on your memory card
RAW
• Uncompressed format
• Waiting to be processed by software like
Photoshop or Lightroom
• Large in size
• Not as sharp. You get to fine-tune sharpen
in Photoshop
• Gives you great control over exposure,
highlights, contrast, colors, etc.
• Not suitable for printing directly from the
camera
• Is like having a negative
• Takes up a lot of space on your memory
card

9. Format Gambar
Shoot in Jpeg when you:
• Photograph in perfect daylight
conditions
• Want a quick workflow
• Don’t need to do much post-processing
• Want to save space on your hard drive
• Take everyday snapshots
Shoot in RAW when you:
• Photograph in not-so-perfect light
conditions
• Want a perfect white balance
• Want quality photos for your portfolio
and clients
• Want full control over the final look of
your image
• Print large photos and posters

10. Exposure Triangle
• Diaphragm (Aperture)
Bukaan pada lensa
• Speed (Shutter)
Kecepatan pengambilan gambar
• ISO
Sensifitas cahaya

11. Mode Kamera
• P (Program)
• S / Tv (Shutter)
• A / Av (Aperture)
• M (Manual)
• SCN / Scene

12. Titik Fokus
AF Points
• Single
• Multi
• Auto

13. Titik Fokus

14. Titik Fokus

15. Focal Length
• Jarak lensa ke sensor kamera
• Angka focal length kecil =
jangkauan pandang lebar
• Angka focal length besar =
jangkauan pandang sempit
• Equivalent format 35mm

16. Focal Length
Fixed
Focal length
Variable
Focal length

17. Jenis Lensa
• Fixed Lens : 10, 24, 35, 50 mm
• Wide Zoom : 10 – 35 mm
• Standard Zoom : 24 – 70 mm
• Tele Zoom Lens : 28 – 200 mm
• Supertele Lens : 150 – 600 mm

18. Jenis Lensa
Jangkauan pandang

19. Jenis Lensa
Focal Length & Objek Foto
• Landscape / Pemandangan :
14mm, 24mm dst
• Portrait / People :
50mm, 85mm, dst
• Macro : 40mm dst

20. Jenis Lensa

21. Komposisi Gambar
• Symmetry
• Rule of Thirds
• Diagonal

22. Komposisi Gambar
Symmetry

23. Komposisi Gambar
Rule of Thirds

24. Komposisi Gambar
Rule of Thirds

25. Komposisi Gambar
Diagonal

26. Komposisi Gambar

27. Komposisi Gambar
Eye Level Angle
Low
Angle
High
Angle
Eye
Level

28. Komposisi Gambar

29. Komposisi Gambar

30. Komposisi Gambar

31. White Balance
Komposisi warna cahaya
• Auto
• Tungsten > lampu pijar
• Fluorescent > lampu neon
• Daylight/Sunny > matahari terik
• Cloudy > berawan, mendung
• Flash > lampu kilat

32. White Balance

33. White Balance
Tungsten Fluorescent

34. Picture Control
Scene or Picture Mode
• Standard
• Neutral > netral / plain
• Vivid > high contrast
• Portrait > detail pada people/face
• Landscape > detail di semua area

35. Picture Control
Standard Neutral Vivid

36. Mode Aperture
Setting pada Mode A / Av (Aperture)
f Number: skala bukaan lensa (diafragma)
• Aperture : Manual
• Shutter : Auto
• ISO : Auto atau Manual
Angka f kecil = bukaan besar
Angka f besar = bukaan kecil

37. Mode Aperture

38. Mode Aperture

39. Mode Aperture
EXIF
f/13
1/80
ISO 100
24 mm

40. Mode Aperture
EXIF
f/5
1/160
ISO 100
50 mm

41. Mode Aperture
EXIF
f/1.6
1/160
ISO 200
50 mm

42. Mode Shutter
Setting pada Mode S / Tv (Shutter)
Satuan kecepatan: detik/second
• Shutter : Manual
• Aperture : Auto
• ISO : Auto atau Manual

43. Mode Shutter
Speed 1/2000 s (freeze) Speed 1/30 s (panning)

44. Mode Shutter
1/2000
1/250 ISO 200
ISO 100

45. Learn from Others
• 500px.com
• Flickr.com
• Photobucket.com

46. Memorize
what you saw..
Salam Jepret,
Iqbal Ronaldo