豆瓣技术架构的发展历程 @ QCon Beijing 2009

2009.4 hongqn@douban.com

• 2005 3 • • •

• 2.9M 1/4 • • 23M / 500~600/sec • 23 PC (1U*15/2U*8) • 12 • 38G memcached

• 1U (frodo) • AMD Athlon 64 1.8GHz • 1G 160G SATA*2 • Gentoo Linux • MySQL 5 • Quixote (a Python web framework) • Lighttpd + SCGI (shire) • Memcached (!)

Gentoo Linux • • emerge mysql • ebuild patch • • • GLSA(Gentoo Linux Security Advisories)

MySQL • The world’s most popular open source database • / ==> MyISAM • ==> InnoDB • Replicate for backup

Python • • Battery Included • • • CPUG: http://python.cn/

Quixote • REST URL • Django, TurboGears, Pylons ZOPE • http://www.douban.com/subject/1000001 # luz/subject/__init__.py def _q_lookup(request, name): subject = get_subject(name) return lambda req: subject_ui(req, subject) # luz/subject/subject_ui.ptl def subject_ui [html] (request, subject): site_header(request) “<h1>%s</h1>” % subject.title site_footer(request)

Lighttpd • • SCGI • SCGI: FastCGI Quixote • 80 lighttpd SCGI localhost Quixote

Memcache • MySQL • libmemcache python Pyrex python 3x+ def get_subject(subject_id): subject = mc.get(‘s:’+subject_id) if subject is None: store.farm.execute(“select xxx, xxx from subject where id=%s”, subject_id) subject = Subject(*store.farm.fetchone()) mc.set(‘s:’+subject_id, subject) return subject

Internet Lighttpd SCGI App FS MySQL Memcache Static Files

• 1.2M / • IO •

• 1U • pippin meriadoc ( merry) • , 4G 250G SATA*3 • • IP DNS IP -_-b • frodo (subversion, trac, etc...)

Internet Lighttpd (#$) DNS HTTP Proxy SCGI App Lighttpd (!\") FS Static Files Memcache MySQL

• • innodb_buffer_pool_size • • IP

• 1.5M / • • IP

• IP(BGP) • (arwen) • 74G 1w SATA * 3 • •

Internet Data Lighttpd Mining read SCGI write App Replicate MySQL MySQL Master Slave Memcache Static Files

• 2M / • IO • , etc... •

• 4G 250G SATA*3 • 10000 • mod_rewrite URL • lighttpd mod_memcache • IO • web • •

Internet store.farm App MySQL SCGI Master Lighttpd Memcache Replicate store.farmr HTTP Proxy WebDAV Web Service Replicate Lighttpd (w/ mod_memcache) MySQL write Slave Spiders Lighttpd WebDAV Memcache Static Files !\"#$% read Data Mining MySQL Slave

• store farmr • replicate delay • • • cache • • • ...... but it works

replicate delay def get_subject(sid): sbj = mc.get(‘s:’+sid) if sbj is None: sbj = flush_subject(sid, store.farmr) return sbj def flush_subject(sid, cursor=None): cursor = cursor or store.farm cursor.execute(“select ... from subject”) subject = Subject(*cursor.fetchone()) mc.set(‘s:’+sid, subject) return subject def update_subject(subject, props): store.farm.execute(“update subject ...”) store.farm.connection.commit() flush_subject(subject.id, store.farm)

• 2.5M / • • / • SATA •

• Scale Up 1U • 16G 147G SCSI *2 + 500G SATA • SCSI RAID-0 • MySQL Slave • memcached • MyISAM InnoDB • • Sphinx

Internet Sphinx MySQL Master store.farm Web Service Replicate Lighttpd SCGI App HTTP Proxy Memcache Lighttpd (w/ mod_memcache) WebDAV store.farmr Memcache Lighttpd Web Service WebDAV MySQL Static Files Slave Spiders Memcache Memcache

• 5.2M / • • Web IO • •

• :) • • • • 3 1U 4 32G 1T SATA * 3 • otho.douban.com lotho.douban.com • lighttpd 1.5 with aio support • LVS • Scale Up: 4G -> 8G

Internet www.douban.com otho.douban.com LVS LB (Master) Lighttpd Lighttpd 1.5 (w/ mod_cache) HTTP Proxy Lighttpd Keepalived LVS LB (backup) Lighttpd Lighttpd 1.5 WebDAV (w/ mod_cache) Static Files

write !\"#$% replicate read Data Mining MySQL MySQL Slave Master read Replicate write !\"#$% Data Mining MySQL Slave

• 6.4M / (5M PV) • • • CPU memcache /

• • lighttpd mod_scgi round-robin • lighttpd 1.5 • mod_proxy • proxy.balance = fair (load based, passive balancing) • • spread

Internet Lighttpd SCGI HTTP Proxy App Memcache Lighttpd HTTP Proxy spread HTTP Proxy Lighttpd Lighttpd Log Aggregator SCGI spread Lighttpd Memcache App WebDAV Static Files

• 11M / 3 • • Sphinx • • load

• • • • Sphinx -> Xapian • MogileFS

!\" Master replicate replicate !\" %&'() Slave #$ Master read replicate Data #$ read Slave Mining write *+,- !\" Master Slave replicate *+,- Slave write replicate Data %&'() Mining #$ Slave

• • store.farm[r] -> store.get_cursor(table=‘xxx’, ro=True/False) def flush_subject(sid, ro=False): cursor = store.get_cursor(table=‘subject’, ro=ro) cursor.execute(“select ... from subject”) subject = Subject(*cursor.fetchone()) mc.set(‘s:’+sid, subject) return subject •

Internet upload.douban.com otho.douban.com nginx signed POST form Uploader (w/ proxy_store) HTTP redirect FileStorage MogileFS Tracker Gateway App MogileFS MogileFS Node Node MogileFS Master

• libmemcache -> libmemcached consistent hash memcache • libmemcached consistent hash bug • CPU • libmemcached failover bug • nginx lighttpd load balance • spread • nginx

Consistent Hash charlee http:// tech.idv2.com/2008/07/24/ memcached-004/

Internet App SCGI Lighttpd HTTP Proxy Lighttpd HTTP Proxy App HTTP Proxy SCGI Lighttpd HTTP Proxy Nginx Lighttpd HTTP Proxy App Lighttpd SCGI Lighttpd WebDAV Static Files

• 13M / • MogileFS • Tracker DB •

• 8 • 32G CPU • (300G SCSI×2 + 1T SATA) × 3 • (1T SATA × 3) × 5 •6 2 • DoubanFS

DoubanFS • hash • hash hash • Merkle Tree • consistent hash • WebDAV • MogileFS 3 50

Merkle Tree

Internet upload.douban.com otho.douban.com nginx signed POST form Uploader (w/ proxy_store) HTTP redirect FileStorage Gateway App DoubanFS DoubanFS Node Node

• 16M / • • DoubanFS IO •

• DoubanDB • • MySQL • MySQL Master • failover • replicate delay

DoubanDB • Key-Value • Amazon Dynamo • set(key, value), get(key), delete(key) • memcache • Merkle Tree • Consistent Hash • TokyoCabinet • DoubanDB • DoubanFS 2.0 DoubanDB

charlee http:// tech.idv2.com/2008/07/24/ memcached-004/

!\" Master1 replicate replicate !\" %&'() Slave #$ Master1 read replicate Data #$ read Slave Mining write *+,- !\" Master Master2 replicate *+,- Slave write replicate Data %&'() Mining #$ Master2

• DoubanFS • • • ngnix • www.douban.com LVS • RabbitMQ spread

• • proﬁle • memcache cache • join • • •

豆瓣技术架构的发展历程 @ QCon Beijing 2009

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