terrirorism

1. T

2.  Origination of term
 Definition of terrorism
 Cause Of Terrorism
 Object
 Hiroshima & Nagasaki Attack (1945)
 Punjab Terrorism (1980s – 1990s)
 World Trade Center, Pentagon and Shanks-ville Incident
(2001)
 Mumbai Attacks (2008)
 Similarities between terrorism and organized crime
 Differences between terrorism and organized crime
 Different Acts of terrorism
 Theories Of terorism
 Prevention Of Terrorism

3. The word terrorism is derived from a Latin word “terror”
which means ‘great fear, dread or to frighten’. It became
part of the phrase “ terror cimbrus” which was used by
ancient Romans in 10 BC to describe the panic that
ensued as they prepared for an attack by the fierce Cimbri
warrior tribe.

4.  “Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against person or
Property to intimidate or coerce to government, the civilian
population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or
social objectives.”
-
F.B.I Definition
 "calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to
inculcate fear. It is intended to coerce or intimidate governments or
societies ... [to attain] political, religious, or ideological goals."
- U.S.
Army Manual
 “Terrorism is the use or threatened use of force designed to bring
about political change.”
-
Brian Jenkins
 “Terrorism constitutes the illegitimate use of force to achieve a
political objective when innocent people are targeted.” - Walter
Laqueur

5. All terrorist acts are motivated by
two things :

6.  Panic
 Disruption
 Demoralization
 Intimidation
 Embarrass Government
 Media Attention
 Fear

7.  CIVIL DISORDER
 POLITICAL TERRORISM
 NON-POLITICAL TERRORISM
 QUASI TERRORISM
 LIMITED POLITICAL TERRORISM
 OFFICIAL OR STATE TERRORISM

8.  A form of collective violence interfering
with the peace, security, and normal
functioning of the community.

9.  Violent criminal behavior designed
primarily to generate fear in the
community, or substantial segment of it,
for political purposes.

10.  Terrorism that is not aimed at political
purposes but which exhibits “conscious
design to create and maintain a high
degree of fear for coercive purposes,
but the end is individual or collective
gain rather than the achievement of a
political objective.”

11. The activities incidental to the commission of crimes of
violence that are similar in form and method to genuine
terrorism but which nevertheless lack its essential
ingredient. It is not the main purpose of the quasi-
terrorists to induce Terror in the immediate victim as in the
case of genuine terrorism, but the quasi-terrorist uses the
Modalities and techniques of the genuine terrorist and
Produces similar consequences and reaction. For
example,
the fleeing felon who takes hostages is a quasi-terrorist, w
hose methods are similar to those of the genuine
terrorist but whose purposes are quite different.

12.  Genuine political terrorism is
characterized by a revolutionary
approach; limited political terrorism
refers to “acts of terrorism which are
committed for ideological or political
motives but which are not part of a
concerted campaign to capture control
of the state.

13.  "referring to nations whose rule is based
upon fear and oppression that reach
similar to terrorism or such proportions.” It
may also be referred to as Structural
Terrorism defined broadly as terrorist acts
carried out by governments in pursuit of
political objectives, often as part of their
foreign policy.

17. The 2008 Mumbai attacks were more than 10
coordinated shooting and bombing attacks
across Mumbai by Islamist attackers who allegedly
came from Pakistan. The attackers received
reconnaissance assistance before the attacks.
Ajmal Kasab later claimed upon interrogation that
the attacks were conducted with the support of
Pakistan's ISI. The attacks, which drew widespread
global condemnation, began on Wednesday, 26
November and lasted until Saturday, 29 November
2008, killing 164 people and wounding at least 308.

18. Eight years ago, two planes flew into two towers and
the world changed.
United States initiated a ‘war against terror.
US hosted $3 billion aid package for Pakistan fighting against
Al-Qaida.
Pakistan joined the U.S. war on terror and broke relations with
Afghanistan's Taliban government

19.  Hierarchy structure
 Operate secretly
 Underground network
 Control over the individual is strong
 front organizations (Businesses or Charities)
 Similar tactics

20. Terrorist
 ideologically or
politically motivated
 seek media attention
 wish to compete with
governments for
legitimacy
Organized
Crime
profit-oriented
Do not seek
media attention
Do not do this

21.  Terrorism Act 2000
 Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001
 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism
Prevention Act of 2004
 ANIMAL ENTERPRISE TERRORISM ACT

22.  The Political Theory Of
Anarchism
 Anarchism defined as the
rejection of the state, of
any form of coercive
government, of any form of
domination and
exploitation. It is the notion
of free and equal access to
all the world’s resources to
enable positive freedom in
place of negative freedom
Anarchism is often
referred to as the
nineteenth century roots
of terrorism, the term first
being introduced in
1980by Pierre-Joseph
Proudhon.

23.  The word comes from
the Latin "Faces” which
means to use power to
scare or impress
people. It generally
refers to the
consolidation of all
economic and political
power into some form
of super-patriotism that
is devoted to endless
war with one’s
enemies.
Benoti Mussolini,who have
practically invented the term in
1922.According to him fascism is
based on the idea of an
indomitable power and an attempt
to resurrect imperial Rome
Adolf Hitler said fascism is the
clever and constant application of
propaganda so that people can be
made to see paradise as hell

24.  It is also a fact that about a quarter of all
terrorist groups and about half of the
most dangerous ones are primarily
motivated by religious concerns. They
believed that God not only approves of
their action but that God demands their
action.

25.  The Theory holds that people will engage
in crime after weighing the costs and
benefits of their actions to arrive at a
rational choice about motivation after
perceiving that the chances of gain
outweigh any possible punishment or
loss

26.  Globalization contributes to dreams,
fantasies and rising expectations but at
the same time it leads to dashed hopes,
broken dreams and unfulfilled
achievements.

27.  Education!!!
 Understand the differences in cultures, religions,
beliefs and human behaviors
 Think of the peace, freedom and equality of all
human beings, not just “my group of people”
 Eliminate the root of terrorism
 Establish surveillance and monitoring system on
terrorism attack
 Improve protective system for citizens