1. MODULAR
CONSTRUCTION
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MODULAR CONSTRUCTION
Modular vs. Standard Construction (Conventional)
A modular building is a pre-engineered structure
that is flexible enough to satisfy virtually any
requirement... tougher than standard drywall
construction, expandable, can be relocated and
completely re-usable.
One obvious advantage that modular construction
has over conventional construction is cost. Not only
can one save up to 35% on the initial construction
costs like labor and materials, but there are other
benefits as well.
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2. With increasing industrialization to the building
industry, steadily larger parts of buildings are made
up of prefabricated components, delivered to the
building site from the factories.
Evidently, some sort of dimensional coordination of
these component themselves and with the design
are of paramount importance.
The full benefit of the industrialization is impossible
without standardization. No effective standardization
is possible in the building industry, without
dimensional coordination.
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What is Modular Coordination
Modular coordination is a concept of
coordination of dimension and space in which
buildings and components are dimensioned and
positioned in terms of basic unit or module.
The basic module is known as 1M which is
equivalent to 100mm.
It is internationally accepted by the International
Standard Organisation and many other
countries including Malaysia.
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3. The Module developed has the
following characteristics
• Industrialization friendly i.e. able to cater for
manufacturing, transportation and assembly requirements.
• Small enough in term of size in order to provide the
necessary flexibility in design.
• Large enough to promote simplification of the number of
sizes for various components.
• Internationally accepted to ensure that it can be mass
produced to cater for global market.
• Ergonomic i.e. able to improve people efficiency by
providing adequate space for human livings and working
conditions.
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Why MC?
• It provides a practical and coherent: method for
coordinating- the position and dimension of elements,
components and spaces in the planning and design of
buildings.
• To improve productivity in the building industry
through industrialization. MC can facilitate the
achievement of industrialization.
• Provide guide to building component sizing: this can
reduce as much as possible the needs to further trim
and shape the materials to fit together in construction;
thus, reducing wastage of labour and material.
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4. ….why MC?
• Mass production of building components
factories: thus, ensuring good and consistent
of workmanship and quality.
• To permit standardization, which encourages
the use of standardized building components
for the construction of different types of
building; to simplify site operation by
rationalizing setting out, positioning and
assembling of building components at the
site.
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….why MC?
• To ensure dimensional coordination between
installation (equipment, storage units, other
fitted furniture etc) as well as with the rest of the
building.
• To
encourage
open
systems:
the
interchangeability of components, whatever their
material, form or method of manufacture,
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5. MC in Malaysia
• CIDB encourages the standardization and
improvement of construction techniques and
materials in line with its role in Malaysian
construction.
• It is also to promote and stimulate the
development, improvement and expansion of the
construction industry.
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STANDARDIZATION
How can Modular Coordination improve productivity?
Facilitates the attainment of three objectives of all
industrial developments:• mass production of selected components by
specialist firms thus achieving economy of scale
• the components can be sold on the open and
possibly international market as they are of
standard dimensions; and
• other specialist firms can concentrate on the
assembly of components into a final consumers
products.
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6. MC Concept
Modular Coordination
Improves
Productivity
Through
Standardization
Promote Industrialization
(component manufactured in factory)
Less wet work on site
Non dependence on unskilled labour
Less modification on site
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MC Concept
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- DIMENTIONAL CO-ORDINATION
A convention for the co-ordination of the
dimensions of building components and
building incorporating them in their
design, manufacture and assembly by
means of a three dimensional spatial
references system points, lines and
planes to which the position and size of a
components, assembly of element may
be related.
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7. MC Concept
The dimensional coordination is essential in order to:• simplify design and documentation procedures and allow the
implementation of computer techniques;
• achieve optima efficiency in the manufacture and use of components
and assemblies;
• avoid cutting or modifying components and
assemblies on site;
• standardize the profile and detail of joints
between components;
• Reduce non-standard or dimensionally
incompatible components and assemblies; and
• maximize the Interchangeability of components and assemblies
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MC Concept
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- MODULAR CO-ORDINATION
Dimensional co-ordination employing the
basic module or some whole multiple
thereof as basic dimensional unit and
increments of it.
The basic module which is generally
accepted at an international level is
100mm which may be represented by the
letter M.
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8. Basic Module M=100mm
Sub-modules
e.g : 50mm
25mm
Multi-modules
e.g : 3m, 6m, 12m…..
300mm, 600mm, 1200mm
Basic Module M = 100mm
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Modular Reference System
In Modular co-ordination:
- the term modular reference systems
is the three-dimensional system of
orthogonal space co-ordinates within the
positions and sizes of components,
elements and installations can be related
by references to points, lines, or planes.
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9. Modular Coordination
The Modular Reference System
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Modular Reference System
Within this references system,
dimensional increments are in terms of
the basic module (100mm) or some
multiple thereof.
Reference planes can be identified which
locate the main vertical and horizontal
elements of construction, e.g. floor, walls,
and columns.
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10. Modular Reference System
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Location of the Main Elements by Means of a modular
Reference System
Modular Reference System
Floor Zone – Vertical Section
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11. Modular Reference System
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Wall Zone – Horizontal Section
Modular Reference System
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Use of Additional Grid Lines Modular Floor Height
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12. Modular Reference System
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Use of Additional Grid Lines Non-Modular Floor Height
Horizontal Coordination
Traditionally, modular theory has
distinguished between boundary planning
and axial planning. In practice, however,
such a clear-cut distinction may not exist.
Modular co-ordination – component location
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13. Horizontal Coordination
Modular co-ordination – Boundary Planning & Axial Planning
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Vertical Coordination
In the vertical section that modular floor
plane is the reference plane from which
modular dimensions are taken.
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14. Vertical Coordination
Location of Modular Floor Plan
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Vertical Coordination
Ceiling Level
Additional Grid Line
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15. Main Components to Go Modular
1. Structural Components
•
•
•
•
•
Beams
Columns
Floor Slabs
Walls
Staircase & Lift Cores
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Main Components to Go Modular
2. Non-Structural Components
•
•
•
•
•
Cladding
Partition
Doors
Windows
Bricks & Blocks
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16. Main Components to Go Modular
3. Finishes
•
•
Ceiling Finishes
Floor Finishes
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17. ROOF
Conventional - Concrete based
construction
Steel construction
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FLOOR
Conventional - Concrete based
construction
Steel construction
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18. Beam & Column
Conventional - Concrete based
construction
Steel construction
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Wall
Conventional - Concrete and
brickwall
Pre-fabricated wall panel
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19. Reasons to Choose Modular Construction over Conventional Construction
Advantages
Benefits
#
Feature
1
PreEngineered
No need for an engineer or architect
No hidden design costs
2
Ease of
Coordination
Buying is simple with local support and
assistance
3
Appearance
4
Speedy
Installation
Ability to supply single source
installation through factory-trained
distributor network
Attractive integrated systems
manufactured to your exact
specifications
Fewer disruptions to plant operations
5
No Mess
No need to seal off areas against dust
Eliminates additional labor costs and
minimizes plant disruption
6
Low
Maintenance
Eliminates costly painting and other
maintenance and repairs
7
Durability
Pre-finished walls require little
maintenance beyond occasional surface
cleaning
Reinforced cavity and tough quality
facings decrease chances of damage
8
Adaptability
Quickly and easily relocatable,
expandable, and reusable
Provides maximum flexibility to meet your
company's needs
9
Sound
Resistance
Fire & Sound panels provide superior
sound deadening
Substantial noise level reduction produces
a more productive work environment
10
Accelerated
Depreciation
Depreciation is usually over seven years
vs. 31-1/2 years for conventional
construction
Quicker return on investment
Consistent high quality in both appearance
and design
Maintains plant productivity during building
installation
Long lasting product will perform for years
without deterioration
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HOW MODERN METHODS
MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO
POLICY OBJECTIVES?
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20. If modern methods of construction are to play a role in
addressing the drivers for change they must achieve some or
all of the following at least as well as traditional construction:
• Be affordable
• Be of good quality
• Be able to cope with a shortage of skilled labour
• Be available in quantity
• Be capable of responding to changing construction
regulations
• Have good environmental credentials
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