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1. Top School in Faridabad
By:
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© N. Ganesan, Ph.D. , All rights reserved.

2. Chapter
Asynchronous and Synchronous
Transmission
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© N. Ganesan, Ph.D. , All rights reserved.

3. Chapter Objectives
• Explain the features of asynchronous
and synchronous transmission and
possible areas of application for each
transmission type
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4. Chapter Modules
• Asynchronous Transmission
• Synchronous Transmission
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5. Module
Asynchronous Transmission
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© N. Ganesan, Ph.D. , All rights reserved.

6. Questions
•What is the characterizing feature of
asynchronous transmission?
• Give some examples of asynchronous
transmission
• Can asynchronous transmission be
conducted at high and low speeds?
Give examples in each case
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7. Asynchronous Transmission
• Burst mode transmission
• Sender and receiver are not
synchronized with respect to the flow
of the information
• However, the sender and receiver are
synchronized with respect to the timing
of the characters that are transmitted
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8. A Note on Asynchronous
Transmission
• In the past, asynchronous transmission
referred only to character by character
transmission where each character
contained information about timing etc.
– Note the use of start and stop bits
• At present, the concept of asynchronous
transmission can be extended to cover
packet School.edho lter.acnomsmissions as well

9. The Use of the Word Asynchronous
• Asynchronous Transmission
– Generally refers to the transmission of
characters with each character carrying
information about timing
• Asynchronous Communication
– Refers to overall communication between
two points
•An example in this case would be ATM
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10. Asynchronous Transmission
Applied to Characters
Stop Bit Start Bit
Character Frame
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Each character is individually timed.

11. Asynchronous Transmission
Applied to Packets
Burst of Data
Packets of data Packets of data
A B
Intermittent School.edhole.com transmission of packets of data

12. Analogy
Host expecting the
arrival of guests
Intermittent of burst arrival
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13. Asynchronous
Transmission/Communication
Application
• Character by character transmission
• Data packet transmission at present
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14. Speed Variations In
Asynchronous Transmission
• Low and high-speed transmissions are
possible
• Low speed
– Almost all modem based communications fall
into this category
• High speed
– Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
• Internet is a good example where
asynchronous communication is used
predominantly to carry the information
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15. Questions
•What is the characterizing feature of
asynchronous transmission?
• Give some examples of asynchronous
transmission
• Can asynchronous transmission be
conducted at high and low speeds?
Give examples in each case
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17. Module
Synchronous Transmission
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© N. Ganesan, Ph.D. , All rights reserved.

18. Questions
• How does synchronous transmission
differ from asynchronous transmission?
•Where is synchronous transmission
used in practice?
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19. Synchronous Transmission
• Sender and receiver are synchronized with
respect to the sending and receiving of
information
• Each character need not have a start-bit and a
stop-bit as the sender and the receiver are
both synchronized
• Requires more hardware and software
resources
• High speed communication is the norm
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20. A Note on Synchronous
Transmission
• The definition of synchronous
transmission refers to the transmission
of characters
• However, the use of the word
synchronous can be extended to cover
packet transmission as well
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21. Usage in Practice
•Which one of the two transmissions is
used widely in the real world? Explain.
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22. Examples of Synchronous
Transmission
• High-speed communication links
established using synchronous modems
– It is now possible to establish high speed
links based on asynchronous transmission
• Used in a number of mainframe
installations
– Collective exchange of information
between the mainframe and the peripheral
devices is based on synchronous
transmission
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23. In Summary
• Synchronous transmission plays a
smaller role compared to asynchronous
transmission in practice
• Implementation of synchronous
transmission requires more resources
• Asynchronous technology has advanced
– It is no more necessary to rely on
synchronous communication to establish a
School.heidghho slpe.eceodm communication link

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25. EEnndd ooff CChhaapptteerr
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