3. Overview
Synchronous transmission is a type of communication method
used in computer networking where data is transmitted in a
continuous stream of characters, without any start and stop
bits, or gaps between characters.
Asynchronous transmission is a type of communication method
used in computer networking where data is transmitted one
character at a time, with start and stop bits added to each
character.
1.
2.
4. Example
• In synchronous transmission, data is sent in blocks or
frames, and a synchronization signal is sent with each block
to synchronize the transmitting and receiving devices. This
helps to ensure that the data is transmitted accurately and
efficiently. One of the advantages of synchronous
transmission is that it is highly efficient, as there is no start
and stop bits or idle time between characters. This allows
for faster transmission speeds and greater throughput.
Example
SYNCHRONOUS
TRANSMISSION
• Synchronous transmission is often used in applications
that require high-speed, reliable data transmission, such
as in telecommunication networks, computer networking,
and other data communication systems. It is particularly
useful in situations where a large amount of data needs
to be transmitted quickly and reliably, and where data
integrity is of utmost importance.
5. Example
• In synchronous transmission, data is transmitted in a
steady, continuous stream of bits, with no idle time
between them. The data is grouped into frames, which are
sent as a continuous stream of characters or bytes. A frame
is typically composed of a header, data, and a trailer. The
header contains information about the frame, such as its
start and end points, while the trailer usually includes error
detection and correction information.
Example
SYNCHRONOUS
TRANSMISSION
• However, the synchronous transmission also has some
limitations. It requires a high degree of coordination
between the sender and receiver, and any disruptions to
the clock signal can cause errors in the transmission.
Additionally, synchronous transmission is less tolerant of
errors than asynchronous transmission, as errors in one
character can affect the entire stream of data.
6. Example
• In asynchronous transmission, each character is
transmitted individually, the start bit indicates the
beginning of a character and the stop bit indicates the end.
There is no fixed timing between characters, which means
that the time between each character can vary.
• Asynchronous transmission is commonly used in
applications where data is transmitted at a slower speed,
such as in keyboard input and output to a computer.
Example
ASYNCHRONOUS
TRANSMISSION
• One of the key advantages of asynchronous transmission
is its simplicity, which makes it easy to implement and
troubleshoot. Additionally, asynchronous transmission is
more robust than synchronous transmission in noisy
environments since it only requires two levels for each
bit (start and stop), which makes it less susceptible to
errors.
7. Example
• Asynchronous transmission is also known as "start-stop
transmission" because each character is separated by a
start bit and a stop bit. The start bit is always a 0 and
signals the start of a new character, while the stop bit is
always a 1 and signals the end of the character. One of the
advantages of asynchronous transmission is that it is
simple and easy to implement. It also requires less
overhead than synchronous transmission.
Example
ASYNCHRONOUS
TRANSMISSION
• However, the asynchronous transmission also has some
limitations. It is slower and less efficient than
synchronous transmission, as the start and stops bits
add additional overhead to the data transmission.
Additionally, it is more susceptible to errors, as noise or
other disruptions can cause errors in the transmission of
a character.
8. Difference
Synchronous
• In synchronous transmission, data is
transmitted in a continuous stream
without gaps between characters.
• Synchronous transmission is faster than
asynchronous transmission, as there is no
need to add start and stop bits to each
character.
• Synchronous transmission is more
efficient than asynchronous transmission,
as it allows for greater throughput and
faster transmission speeds.
• In asynchronous transmission, each
character is transmitted individually, with
start and stop bits added to each
character.
• Asynchronous transmission is slower
because of the additional overhead
required to send start and stop bits for
each character.
• Asynchronous transmission is less
efficient, as it requires additional
overhead in the form of start and stop
bits.
Asynchronous
9. Key Difference
Synchronous transmission is more reliable in detecting and
correcting errors than asynchronous transmission. Since
synchronous transmission uses a clock signal to keep the
sender and receiver in sync, any errors can be detected
and corrected in real-time. In asynchronous transmission,
errors can be more difficult to detect, as they may not be
discovered until the entire message has been transmitted.
