The second in our series of workshops designed to gather input from stakeholders involved in existing off-grid projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This event is workshop scheduled to be held in Malaysia for the ASEAN countries will be organised by the Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) in collaboration with Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).

1. Role of ExistingRole of Existing
Self-help Electrification in
Off Grid areas
of Myanmarof Myanmar
Aung Myint
General Secretary
Renewable Energy Association Myanmar
REAM
The NEP Workshop on Off Grid Electrification in Myanmar,
Nay Pyi Taw
28 – 29 January 2015

2. POLICY GUIDELINEPOLICY GUIDELINE
• Myanmar is now at the mid of critical in changing whole country policies
to improve and make develop by reforming in every sector of theto improve and make develop by reforming in every sector of the
government including Energy Sector that exist in priority position.
•
• National Energy Management committee (NEMC) was formed as agy g ( )
country focal agency for all Energy matters of Myanmar in 2012 to
produce Policy guideline.
•
• After that Energy Development Committee (EDP) under the Ministry of• After that, Energy Development Committee (EDP) under the Ministry of
Energy and Renewable Energy Work Group (REWG) were formed under
the Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST) to produce necessary Laws
and Regulations in 2013.
d f ffi i & i ( & )• A separate department for Energy Efficiency & Conservation (EE&C) was
formed under the Ministry of Industry to support country energy sector
in 2014.

3. NATIONAL ENERGY PLAN
(NEP)
• National Electrification Committee was formed in 2014 composed of two
Ministries: Ministry of Electrical Power (MOEP) and Ministry of Livestock,Ministries: Ministry of Electrical Power (MOEP) and Ministry of Livestock,
Fishery & Rural Development (MOLFRD)
•
• There is a committee of “Rural Water Supply & Electrification” at National• There is a committee of Rural Water Supply & Electrification at National
Ministry level leading by MOLFRD
•
I P t M i l hi NEP t d l b i l ti it• In Present, Myanmar is launching NEP to develop by implementing its
electrification ratio 30% to 100% in coming 2030 SE4All.

4. POWER TRANSMISSION &POWER TRANSMISSION &
DISTRIBUTION
• Current Country Electrification rate of Myanmar is
very low and its OFF GRID area is about 70% of they
country. Due to remoteness and uneven topography
with much water ways (rivers, creeks), forests and
mountains extension of current 30% NATIONALmountains, extension of current 30% NATIONAL
GRID coverage to 100% has many challenges.
• Another factor of economic feasibility for poor areasAnother factor of economic feasibility for poor areas
with small industries will make face many difficulties
in practical implementation of MAIN GRID extension
worksworks.
PROPER PLAN FOR ON GRID / OFF GRID ELECTRIFICATION ?

5. Existing PPP Attempt on
Myanmar Electrification
• But above two problems has clear answer of PPP
Myanmar Electrification
• But above two problems has clear answer of PPP
attempts in previous decades ago before present
National Electrification Plan is launched.
• It is SELF‐HELP ELECTRIFICATION practice of
Myanmar. There is a well known term in Myanmar
“KO‐HTU‐KO‐HTA MEE‐LIN‐YAY” that popular
phrase was widely familiar among not only people
but also in Government atmosphere even beforebut also in Government atmosphere even before
the recent Electrification Law with official
permission to Private Sector was launched in latepermission to Private Sector was launched in late
2014.

6. Why that hidden capacity and experiences of
Myanmar peopley
are not taken into account in NEP?
• It was surprisingly found that such significant situation of real ground
ti i ti M h b l t d h tpractices in entire Myanmar has been neglected when country
electrification plan was prepared by the aid of International
assistance. Presently launched Country Electrification planning with
National Grid extension is focused as main function and for off gridg
areas, government leading PRE‐ELECTRIFICTION function is included to
support the newly established Grid extension project.
•
• Actually real existing OFF GRID electrification by PPP practices are not
under consideration as considerable source of country electrification
activities in Myanmar. It is composed of enormous numbers of small
sources but in lump sum, it is large enough to support current SMEsources but in lump sum, it is large enough to support current SME
sector of Myanmar that is about 90% of the country economy.
• That large measure is not counted as an important factor in currentg p
strategic national electrification planning preparation.

7. BASELINE DATA for
St t i Pl iStrategic Planning
• International systematic planning works need concrete
baseline data to create a thorough project. It is absolutely
correct. Only by that reason, those existing sources of
development potential are neglected by doing new idea
i t f l t ifi ti idinput of new pre‐electrification idea.
• Currently consideration of international aids should do
systematic assessment to get that baseline data as
EXISTING ELECTRIFICATION SOURCES to put in main
component in present country electrification plan.
I i d di th t f PPP b idiImproving and upgrading that area of PPP by providing
necessary governmental Guidelines, Financing and
Technology will be very meaningful than the pre‐
electrification attempt only by developers’ self ideaselectrification attempt only by developers self‐ ideas.

8. Strategic Country Electrification
h bapproach by
International Agencies
• WB
ADB• ADB
• JICA
• FDI
• Foreign JV‐IPPForeign JV IPP
• International Development Organizations

9. Key Points to AnalysisKey Points to Analysis
1. Existing establishments with COST (huge amount in total of capital
and operation cost by the PEOPLE) including large numbers of fossil‐
fuel driving generators and Renewable Energy applications.fuel driving generators and Renewable Energy applications.
2. People capacities at their own ways in many different kinds of self‐
electrification works by using various type of Renewable Energy.
3. Myanmar People (upgraded and systematically encouraged Local
/ / )IPP/SPP/VSPP) has great potential to implement off grid
electrification in very short time at the measure of their timely
requirement of electricity/ energy.
4. Encourage that GREAT MOMENTUM of the people development by4. Encourage that GREAT MOMENTUM of the people development by
getting chance to development (Night‐light basic need of the
remote villages and energy of village cottage industries and SME
sector).
It ’t d MG W tt l b iti S d fIt won’t need MG Watt scale by waiting many years. Speed of
People Development Momentum by encouraging their prevailing
activities, can be very much practical for future development than
waiting years by long term MG Power supply.

10. 5. Myanmar existing Self‐help Electrification practices already has many
Renewable Energy application since more than 3 decades agoRenewable Energy application since more than 3 decades ago.
6. Biomass Power is one of the largest country energy sources to utilize in
thi t t f h V t t d blthis country energy sector reform phase. Vast amount and renewable
biomass sources of forest wastes, agricultural residues and other
domestic and industrial waste can be real renewable energy fuel for
the countrythe country.
7. Bio‐gasified energy systems are very familiar in entire country area. It is
an only RE Technology growing commercially countrywide up to thisan only RE Technology growing commercially countrywide up to this
moment but due to country poverty, lack of government systematic
regulatory guidance, proper capital financing and technological
improvements many disadvantages of pollution and low efficiencyimprovements, many disadvantages of pollution and low efficiency
problems are occurring. It was blamed unreasonably without any
proper assessment, improvement and programmatic support.

11. 8. Pico/Micro/Mini/Small Hydro Power in
Myanmar is one of the great potential ofy g p
Renewable Energy explored by PPP at
adaptable measure to fulfill their off gridp g
area electrification function up to present
moment.

12. 9 Solar Photovoltaic Technology and Solar9. Solar Photovoltaic Technology and Solar
Thermal Technologies are real baseline
resource to solve country energyresource to solve country energy
improvement not only for present but also
for futurefor future.

13. Fulfill the GAP in PEOPLE’S
DEVELOPMENT MOMENTUMDEVELOPMENT MOMENTUM
• All those highly potential resources of the country energy sector
growing practically at off grid area by clear PPP attempt is the one to
i l d i t C t E El t ifi ti Pl t ll linclude in current Country Energy Electrification Plan at parallel
priority with development of National Grid & Large Power Generation
function.
• Upgrading standard of Mini Grid System of Isolated/ Interconnected
PPP grids can make parallel ready to connect the developing National
Grid. It will be very supportive way of Government and People work
to together in NEP implementation.
• Local People including Public and Private sector can improve their
income by Village Cottage Industries level to gradual growth of SMEincome by Village Cottage Industries level to gradual growth of SME
immediately and efficiently at real commercial scale; not in
Government Project oriented scale.
It ill t th NEP ff ti l t th h l t• It will support the NEP very effectively to cover the whole country
electrification 100% in 2030.

14. REAL
POWER DEMAND & SUPPLY at
correct time and spacecorrect time and space
• ENERGY DEMAND and SUPPLY balancing by
avoiding problems over focusing in country
electrification with international loan burden by
carefully look our reality with Consideration
• Avoid huge problems of Foreign dependent
threat that can happen beyond our control
• This is real area of Local IPP/ SPP& VSPP toThis is real area of Local IPP/ SPP& VSPP to
regulate, support and encourage.

15. Integrated Recourses
Planning ApproachPlanning Approach
• Existing trend of Peoples’ Development Momentum should be
id d ti l i iti ti f NEPconsidered practical initiative source for NEP
• Country Natural Resources are the Main Fuel Drive to be used as
Renewable ways
• Myanmar people will get many jobs along with this systematic• Myanmar people will get many jobs along with this systematic
upgrading program on EXISTING SELF‐HELP‐ELECTRIFICATION of
Myanmar PPP attempts those are not explored yet.
• Avoid Natural Disasters and Climate Change Impacts by locallyAvoid Natural Disasters and Climate Change Impacts by locally
controlable measure of real Renewable Energy Technology
application based on our renewable natural resources.
• We have to think about Real Energy Security and Sustainable
Development for the benefit of the majority people (SE4ALL)
Work for VALUEWork for VALUE
not for COST

16. Importance of ON GRID / OFF GRID
parallel consideration
towards NEP Goal
• To extend the National Grid together with enough
huge power generation‐plants is extremely
important It must materialize in this recentimportant. It must materialize in this recent
country electricity development action‐plan. It is
in top priority position to improve country
developmentdevelopment.
• In the mean time, to promote, encourage and
support the existing SELF‐HELP ELECTRIFICATIONpp g
by fully participation of Private / Public sector is
also parallel important as a priority area to
improve and make develop the countryimprove and make develop the country
electrification at proper timing of short, medium
and long term.

17. GREAT THANKSGREAT THANKS
TO ALL
REAM
am ream@gmail comam.ream@gmail.com