1. City of Nitra, Slovakia
Mr.Nevicky, Mr.Lancaric
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd, 2009.
Project co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund

2. I / Applicable law
• There is no specific law in Slovakia, • The owner of Common lands in
concerning Common lands Slovakia could be private or public,
• Law protection of Common lands individual person, group of people,
consists of multiple number of other organizations, municipality, the state,
laws, f.e. Nature and landscape the church...even the foreigners.
protection law or Of forests law. • The land without clear owner rights
• Other measures of the protection of is managed by state or municiplties
Common lands /landscape, • According to Civil Code, the owner
biodiversity, species/ on local, have the right to hold, to use its
national and European scale could be ownership and take its benefits, in
– the Ground plan of the City, borders of existing laws.
LANDEP, Area system of ecological • All owners have the same rights and
stability /ASES/, Protected species, responsibilities, they are equal in the
protected area, national park, eyes of law.
NATURA 2000, Area of European
importance etc.
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

3. Relations: Land / Owner
Land status: Owners:
• Individual person
• Group of people
• Private • Organisation
• Church
• City/village
• Public • Municipality
• State
• Common /from the point of view of its • The owner and user is the same
using/
• Different owner/different user
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
3
Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

4. Relations: Owner / User
• Owner and user of the land in Slovakia Some user´s rights and duties
could be the same, but mostly is /example from the Forest law
different. It depends on the way of the 326/2005/:
using of the land, and from the owner and
user status.
• Slovak law system knows different terms • Managing the precaution of damage to
describing the users and using of lands – forests
administrator, controller, manager, arator. • Keeping the list of biotic infestants
• There could be the agreement between • Clearing away the sick, damaged and
owner and user, through which are some infested trees, like a precaution to
rights and responsibilities delegated from
owner to user. spreading of illnesses and infestants
• There are some differences, according to • Managing the using of woods, in order
owner's status, in the case, when the not to violate the rights of another
owner is the state – then there is strict woods owners...
control of using and holding of the
ownership, for example, the state can't
just like dedicate its ownership to
someone, etc.
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

5. SWOT analysis
STRENGHTS OPPORTUNITIES
• complex legal framework • exchange of experiences
• number of experts • solving of owner/user relationships to the
• stabile climate European legal framework
• long tradition of using of lands • opportunity to find compromises between
• environmental protection economical and environmental use of
common lands
WEAKNESSES THREATS
• low financial flows • low concern of the official policies for
improvement of the situation
• strong bureaucracy
• low law awareness of commoners
• low flexibility and long reaction time to
• underestimating of the risk management policies
changes and new ideas
• too close connection between legal framework
• abstention of 1 complex low concerning and environmental protection of lands
common lands
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

6. II/ Model area - Zobor
• Area of 1854,9 ha
• Height above sea level: 158 - 617
• Area of European importance /NATURA 2000/
• Land use: recreation, forestry, national and
historical importance /archeological spot/
• Zobor is situated near the town of Nitra, the oldest
town in Slovakia /first human activities - 30 000 b.C./
• Origins of the land protection are dated to 1952,
when had been the State Natural Protection Area of
Zobor Hills created.
• In order to protect biodiversity and rare species of
fauna and flora during 80-th years of 20-th century,
the mass tourism paths were deflected and this act led
to the creation of the Zobor educational path, which
route respects the specific conditions of the nature
protection in the area.
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

7. Localization of the Model area in Slovakia
Model area – Zobor Hills
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

8. Model area – pictures...
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.

9. III/ Conclusions
• The need of making the legal framework concerning Common lands more
simple
• Environmental protection of Common lands should not be so depending on
changes of legislative
• The need to increase the financial flows to the branch of common lands and
management of common pool resources
• The need of increase the law awareness of commoners
• Upgrade the competences of the regional policies concerning common lands
• The need of decreasing of the influence of the bureaucratic apparatus, which
will lead to the increasing of flexibility of the management of common lands
areas in Slovakia.
• The return to traditional use of common lands using modern means
« Common lands for sustainable management »
2nd Scientific Committee
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Palermo (Sicily - Italy) November 2nd and 3rd , 2009.