HW-Jakarta Metropolis Area-city innovation

CITY INNOVATION INITIATIVES
IN JAKARTA METROPOLITAN
AREAS
Indonesian team

Presentation outline
2

Introduction
Background and methods
Jakarta Metropolitan Areas: an over view
Case studies
Maisonette Housing
“Waste Bank”
Green Village
Information Sharing
Innovativeness of the projects
Innovation system
Conclusion
H Winarso, Tb F Sofhani, D Hidayat, D Pantjadharma, N.Prilandita CIS-ASIA,Bangkok,16-18/08/2010

Introduction
3

Background
Part of CIS-ASIA focusing on Housing, Governance and
Environment
Specific Goals
Defines and formulates city innovation system indicators
in Indonesia
Analyze successful city innovation initiatives in JMA
based on the defined criteria and indicators


Introduction
4

Methods
Delphi/FGD
2 times in Bandung and Jakarta
Criteria and indicators
Identifies possible innovative projects
Field study
Observation
Interview
Documentary research
The topic is used for student’s research
5 Bachelors thesis
1 Master Thesis

JMA: an overview
5

Urban sprawl
Megalopolitan
21 million population
617,000 hectares


JMA: an overview
6

Jakarta Metropolitan Areas
Fast growing city
Inner city population is decreasing
Development in Peri-urban
Problems and Challenges
Housing for low income people- Slum and Squatters
Environment problems- waste management
Governance: Information for urban development


7

CIS-ASIA,Bangkok,16-
H Winarso, Tb F Sofhani, D Hidayat, D Pantjadharma, N.Prilandita
18/08/2010

Case Studies: Topic
8

Housing
Maisonnette for slum upgrading in Prumpung
Environment
“Waste Bank” in Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta
Green Village in Kampung Banjarsari, Cilandak, South
Jakarta
Governance
Information sharing by the Spatial Office of Jakarta


Case studies: Location
9


Case Study1: Housing
10

Feature
Problems/Context: (2006)
Slum in Prumpung in 2005 - 2007
Flooded area
Threat for relocation
Response
Maisonnete housing for low densification
Semi Participatory approach
Started in 3 Neighborhood 8 maisonette for 8 households
people


11

Idea
By university lecturer and architecture students
Start with collaboration with Housing Office which
provide fund
Innovativeness
Fail to have significant impact
Project was discontinue due to disagreement with the
government
No new institutional arrangement


12

Comment
The idea was good since high rise apartment is actually
too expensive for low income
The implementation was not smooth
Very limited time
Limited participation from stakeholders
Change in the government policy
Very limited impact
No systemic approach


13

CIS-ASIA,Bangkok,16-
H Winarso, Tb F Sofhani, D Hidayat, D Pantjadharma, N.Prilandita
18/08/2010

Case Studies 2: “Waste Bank”
14

Feature
Part of CSR project by Unilever in 2006
Regulation on CSR
Appalling waste management at Local level and city level
Concept of 3R (reuse, reduce, recycle) was newly introduced
Informal waste collection structured at city wide
Response
Changing the view to waste; from something useless to something
that can generate addition income
Cutting the long chain of informal waste collection
Started in one neighborhood of an 15 ha area with 3292
inhabitants


Case Studies 2: “Waste Bank”
15

Idea
CSR Unilever held a training to facilitators at local level
Mrs Etty as one of the trained facilitator motivates the
community
Innovativeness
Changing the paradigm
Not new- almost similar approach in Brazil
New in Indonesia
Wide impact not only in the neigborhood- best practice
in Indonesia- replicated in other cities


Case Study 2: “Waste Bank”
16

Comment
The idea is very good, developed by CSR and
implemented through Mrs Etty as facilitators
The creativity and the innovativeness lay on the ability
to change the accepted notion of uselessness of
garbage/solid waste to one that see non organic waste
can generate income
The impact on cognitive, physic and cognitive space is
significant
Gradually develop network to other institutions

Case Study 2: “Waste Bank”
17


Case Study 3: “Green Village”
18

Feature
Appalling waste management at Local level and city level
Started in 1986
The law on Environmental Impact has just enacted
Growing awareness of Environment quality in Indonesia
Response
Two housewives (Mrs Bambang and Mrs Nina) initiated tree
planting movement
Composting for fertilizer
Started in a kampung of around 2000 inhabitants


19

Idea
By two housewives who care about their living
environment
Innovativeness
The ability to planting trees in small/limited areas of
their Kampung.
Consistency since 1986. won several awards including
one from UNESCO
Simple Composting method, wide spread used
Replicated by neighboring Kampungs


20

Comments
Consistency is apparent in this project, it has been
done for 24 years
Initiated by groups
Gradually developed network to NGO and
government


21


Case Study 4: Information Sharing
22

Feature
Problems/context (2007)
The need accessible and reliable information
Dispersed information- disintegrated
Growing awareness on the IT
Google earth available in the web
Response
Develop web site, providing information to the community
Develop information on the Spatial Planning, maps of approved
plan,
Coordinates several sources of information
http://tatakota-jakartaku.net/


23

Idea
Government of Jakarta
Lead by Spatial Planning Office
Innovativeness
Easy access to Information on the needed information
of spatial planning


24

Comments
The development of this IT is not new
Involves many institutions
Sources of information; different institutions
IT development- University
Develops network
Wide spread impact
Not only Jakarta- the world can access
The government starting transparency and become more
responsible


25


Innovativeness of the Projects
26

Positive impact
Except for the housing project, projects studied shows
positive impact
The bank and the green village can be and have been
replicated to other areas
Improving the awareness of better living environment
The Information sharing project has been able to make
people have an easy access to city master plan


27

Novelty
The waste bank is significantly change the people’s
opinion about their waste.
All Projects have never been implemented in Indonesia
All projects, although are not new in the world, but new
in Indonesian context
Problem solving
All projects are aimed at solving local problems


28

Competitiveness
All projects are competitive
Reliability
The waste bank and the green have been replicated to
other areas
The information sharing , technically, easy to be
replicated but it need a strong will and good
coordination between several agencies in the city
administration


29

Learning process
The Bank and green village have made learning
process possible,
People, not only in the area, learning the lesson. This
projects have been spread out through report in the
news paper and special report in the national television
A double loops learning process is


Innovation system
30

The projects were started by individual or groups
Limited institutions are connected
No research and development
The innovation initiatives are still partial not systemic


Conclusion
31

There are city innovations initiatives
Initiated by individual or groups and aimed at
solving local problems
But still partial, segregated and un coordinated
Involvement of research and development
institutions (Universities and others) are very limited
No systematic support from the government
No city innovation system yet


Criteria and Indicator for City Innovation (1)
Criteria and sub-
Definition Indicator
criteria
32
IMPACT CRITERIA (9)
Positive impact The CI practice can enhance the • Number of poor or low-income people is
liveability, prosperity, and equity for the reduced (liveability)
people living in that area. • Level of income is increased (prosperity)
• The ratio or gap between poor and rich
people is lowered (equity)

Significance The CI can solve fundamental urban • There is proof that the CI practice can solve
problem and proven to be implemented or attain the urban problem
and usable. • The duration of practice/project has been
implemented.

Global impact The CI practice can generate positive Replicability in other area.
impact in bigger scale such as regional,
national, or international scale.

Novelty The CI practice shows something new to The city innovation practice has never been
the user both in the process and result. implemented in the particular area.

Scope The CI practice covered a large size of Size of the area that benefited from the
area practice/project.



33

Criteria and sub-
Definition Indicator
criteria
PROCESS CRITERIA (8)
Learning process The process in CI is followed by diffusion • Single-loop learning: a learning process
stage. A well-diffused CI shows a learning where the community obtains new
process both single-loop and double-loop technical knowledge
learning. • Double-loop learning: a deeper learning
process shown by awareness emerged
within the community.
Interaction between Interaction in form of communication and • Number and characteristic of actors
actors participation between stakeholders and involved
actors involved is identified in the CI • The contribution given to the project by
process. community.
Government support The CI practice is in line with the The area used for the CI practice or project
government policy. corresponds with the City Master Plan.
Congruency with the The CI practice is in line with the city The goals and objectives of the CI
city goals and vision and mission. practice/project is in line with the city vision
objectives and mission.

Source: Result analyzed from FGD, 2010


34

Criteria and sub-criteria Definition Indicator

OPERATIONAL CRITERIA (7)
Easy to operate/operable The CI practice is easy to operate • Does the technology used in the
and replicable practice can be done by the
community?
• Does the practice can be
transferred or adopted to other
location/area?
Commercially viable The CI practice is self-funded by its Financial report shows that the
operational and can generate more practice is self-funded and the
benefit than it costs. benefit is greater than the cost.



35

Criteria and sub-criteria Definition Indicator

VALUE CRITERIA (6)
Social justice The CI practice benefits the whole • The characteristic of people get
community. benefit from the practice.
• The social gap within the
community is lowered.
Sustainable environment, safety and The CI practice does not give • Feasibility analysis of the
security negative impact to the environment, practice
health, nor safety. • Number of complaints from
local people regarding the
practice.
Cultural adjustment The CI practice does not violate the Number of complaints from local
norms and culture of local people. people regarding the practice.



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