Evento Dell-Assyrus Brescia, 6 maggio 2016

1. 6 Maggio 2016
Andrea Mauro
IT Director – Assyrus Srl
http://assyrus.it
Evento Dell-Assyrus sull'evoluzione dello
storage enterprise

2. 2
Evoluzione
dello storage

3. 3
Source: IDC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
Physical servers (M) VMs (M)
Year
Server Virtualization Driving 40% Storage Growth
Growth of Hosts & VMs Growth of Storage
40% per year will double storage infrastructure every two years.

4. 4
Crescita di dati non strutturati

5. 5

6. 6
Tipi di
storage

7. 7
Tipi di storage
Tecnologia Protocollo Velocità Tipo di dati Utilizzo
DAS SCSI, SAS 320 MB/s, 6 Gb/s blocchi storage locale
NAS IP 1Gb/s, 10 Gb/s file file sharing
CAS IP archivi archiviazione
SAN Fibra FC 8 Gb/s, 16 Gb/s blocchi storage condiviso
SAN Rame FCIP, iSCSI 1Gb/s, 10 Gb/s blocchi storage condiviso
• DAS (Direct Attached Storage)
• NAS (Network Attached Storage )
• SAN (Storage Area Network)

8. 8
Tipi di storage

9. 9
Unified Storage
• Convergenza nello storage
• Unico “appliance” con
– NAS
– SAN
– FC
– iSCSI
• Convergenza dei protocolli di accesso?

10. 10
Architettura di uno storage
• Tipo di storage
• Tipo di protocolli
• Tipi di dischi
• Tiering e cache su flash/SSD
Interface BufferHBA
Disk Drive / Storage
Internal transfer rate
measured here
External transfer rate
measured here
Head Disk
Assembly
Controller

11. 11
Controller / Storage Processor
• Server con relativo sistema operativo
– Gestione completamente via software
– Non necessariamente SDS

12. 12
Prestazioni di front-end
• Ethernet 1 Gbps
• FC 4 Gbps
• SAS 6 Gbps
• FC 8 Gbps
• Ethernet 10 Gbps
• SAS 12 Gbps
• FC 16 Gbps
• PCIe v4.0 (x16) -> 31,51 GB/s
• DDR4-2400 -> 18,75 GB/s

13. 13
Prestazioni di back-end
• Tipo di dischi
– 7K
– 10K
– 15K
– SSD
– SLC
– MCL
– 3D-NAND, V-NAND
• Parallelismo
• Ridondanza
• Bus
• Compressione/Deduplica

14. 14
Quali (e quanti) dischi?
SC
Operating
System
Type
SCv2000/SC100
12 disks
SCv2020/SC120
24 disks
SCv2080/SC180
42 disks
2TB NLSAS X NA X
4TB NLSAS X NA X
6TB NLSAS X NA X
1TB NLAS 2.5” NA X NA
2TB NLAS 2.5” NA X NA
600GB 10k NA X X
900GB 10K NA X X
1.2TB 10K NA X X
1.8TB 10K NA X X
300GB 15k X X X
600GB 15K X X X
200GB WI X X X
400GB WI X X X
800GB MU X X X
1.6TB MU X X X
480GB RI X X X
960GB RI X X X
1.6TB RI X X X
1.92TB RI X X X
Annunciati sul mercato:
• 10 TB SATA (3,5’’)
WD helium drive
• 16 TB SSD (2.5’’)
Samsung

15. 15
Differenti architetture
TYPE
1
Clustered
Scale Up & Down
• Dual Controller
• Shared Meta-Data
• Transactional Commits
• General Purpose
Storage
TYPE
3
Loosely Coupled
Scale Out
• Independent Controllers
• Distributed Meta-Data
• Transactional Commits
• Large Content
Repositories
TYPE
2
Tightly Coupled
Scale Out
• Multi-Controller Grid
• Shared Meta-Data
• Transactional Commits
• Linearity in all things
TYPE
4
Distributed
Share Nothing
• Independent Controllers
• Distributed Meta-Data
• Non-Transactional
Commits
• 3rd Platform Applications

16. 16
Converged Architectures Hyper-converged Architectures
Common
Modular
Building Block
Appliances
Rack Scale
Integrated
Rack Scale
Common
Rackscale
Building Blocks
Embedded
Integrated Best-of-Breed
Integrated
Stack
Integrated
Infrastructure
Software-
Defined
BYO
Commodity
Definition
• Decomp
osed and
redesign
ed for
high
density
or high
capacity
or low
power
server
architect
ures
• Unit size
of 4U
chassis
to full
rack
• Workloa
d
optimize
d
systems
of
server,
storage,
network,
and
mgmt.
SW
• Sold
w/pre-
integrate
d
package
d SW
• Generalized
compute
within storage
arrays
• Host locally
executed
workloads
• Generally only
suitable for
workloads
focused on
data proximity
or data services
• General
purpose pre-int.
& Ref arch.
systems
containing
server, storage,
network, &
mgmt. SW .
• Excellent
support for
legacy
workloads/brow
nfield
• Commodity
HW and DIY
mgmt. and
orchestration
SW
• Non-appliance
model
• VMware SDDC
and Openstack
Framework &
Distros
• All-in-one box
systems
• Compute and
storage in a
small, scalable
node (2U)
• SMB/Robo
prime target
• Simplicity/cost
are main value
prop
• VMware almost
always used
• Scalable
systems of
racks plus bare
metal resource
allocation
• M&O Spans
HW & SW;
Multi-rack
management
• Open Source
plays a more
critical role
“6 Phylum” of Converged Infrastructure
Source: EMC Market Intelligence, EMC OCTO, EMC ETPD, IDC, Gartner, Company websites, SME interviews

17. 17
Converged Architectures Hyper-converged Architectures
Common
Modular
Building Block
Appliances
Rack Scale
Integrated
Rack Scale
Common
Rackscale
Building Blocks
Embedded
Integrated Best-of-Breed
Integrated
Stack
Integrated
Infrastructure
Software-
Defined
BYO
Commodity
Strengths
• Best way to
deploy
additional
storage
services
• Flexibility of
any hardware
choice.
• Start very small
• Simple support
model
• Unbeatable
simplicity
• Fastest time-to
value at the
application level
• Well suited for
general scale
SP,
SaaS P3
workloads
• Flexible
• Simple Support
Model
• Supports
specialized,
high-end P3
workloads due
to custom HW
• Simple support
model
“6 Phylum” of Converged Infrastructure
Weakness
• Poor
economics for
general
purpose
workload use
• “Non-
predictable
outcome”
• Non-integrated
acquisition and
support model
• Poor economic
scaling past
~1000 VMs
• Rigidity for
datacenter use
cases
• Poor support for
legacy workload
SLAs and
infrastructure
expectations
• Poor support
for legacy
workload SLAs
and
infrastructure
expectations
• Application Silo • High “Step In”
Cost.
• Premium
economic
scaling factors
• Well suited and
broad support
for P2
workload
requirements
• Proven, mature
Source: EMC Market Intelligence, EMC OCTO, EMC ETPD, IDC, Gartner, Company websites, SME interviews

18. 18
Flash &
Cache

19. 19
Storage Hierarchy

20. 20
La latenza (e la velocità) non è la stessa
L1-L3
Cache 10 ns
DRAM
100 ns
Flash
15 µs
HDD
4 ms
Blink of an eye
1/10 second
Get Coffee
2,5 minutes
Fly to Australia
12 hours
Heartbeat
1 second
Multiplier is 10.000.000

21. 21
Storage tier

22. 22
Data centers need to handle many types of
diverse application workloads
• Applications are getting more dependent on higher I/O performance
• Traditional storage systems are optimized for the middle of the spectrum
• Data stored, backed up and archived is growing exponentially
• SLAs are becoming more rigorous
• IT budgets are often staying flat
Random
Sequential
Read-intensive Write-intensive
Indexing
Front End Web
OLTP Database
Email/Messaging
Data Warehousing
Virtual Desktop
HPC
Streaming Media
Web Applications
Collaboration
Infrastructure
Other

23. 23
Primary Storage
Mission Critical
Secondary Storage
● Fragmented
● Inefficient
The Storage Iceberg

24. 24
Storage tiers
• Absolute Performance Array (Tier 0)
• •Low-Latency NVMe over Fabrics (Ethernet, InfiniBand)
• •Extreme I/O throughput & latency performance
• •Streamlined virtualization, efficiency, or enterprise features
• SAN All-Flash and Hybrid Arrays (Tier1)
• •Mixed use cases
• •All-Flash and Cost-Optimized Hybrid Arrays
• •Enterprise features snapshots, clones, replication, dedupe

25. 25
New form factors: PCIe cards, appliances, shared
storage
Virtualization is increasing the demand for random
I/O with the “mixer effect”
Flash prices falling faster than HDDs but still
considerably higher than 15K HDDs
Multi-core processors drive up processor utilization
and demand for more I/O per server
Flash adoption is accelerating
Pent-up demand for improving application performance at the right price point
15K HDD
$/GB
Flash SSD
7.2K HDD

26. 26
Cache & Flash
• Lato Storage
– Full Flash
– Hybrid
– Multi-tiering o caching
• Lato Host
– Schede PCI-e Flash
– SSD
– Nuove DIMM?
– NVDRAM
• Software di gestione?

27. 27
La lunga strada verso lo storage
Insert
Flash
Here
Or Insert
Flash
Here
Or use
RAM!

28. 28
Cache lato host
Up to 3.0TB of capacity
per PCIe slot
Up to 2.4TB of capacity
per x8 PCIe slot
Up to 3.2TB of capacity
per PCIe slot
Up to 1.2 TB of capacity
per slot for maximum
performance density
MEZZANINE

29. 29
NVME e NVME over Fabric

30. 30
Oltre il FC

31. 31
Oltre le RAM?
• Flash al posto della RAM?
– Tecnologia introdotta nel 2015

32. 32
Oltre di hard disk?
• Seagate Kinetic Open Storage
– https://www.openkinetic.org/
• Non solo firmware ma un vero e proprio sistema
operativo nel disco!
• API di accesso via Ethernet
• Ma anche altre proposte
– HGST Open Ethernet Storage

33. Grazie per il vostro tempo!