Confucianism emphasized the importance of family and social relationships, with filial piety and defined gender roles and the five basic relationships forming the model for public life. Education focused on moral betterment through the study of language, literature, history, philosophy and ethics. The bureaucracy and government were influenced by Confucian ideas of social status being linked to one's role, and the examination system for scholar-officials was based on Confucianism. Confucianism also established expectations for good government and emperors through its ideas about history and the mandate of heaven. While supporting family and state religious rituals, Confucianism's main emphasis was on practical concerns in the current world.