The Importance of Rural Family Physicians
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2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Taha Kader Family physicians are crucial to providing appropriate medical care in rural areas. Family physicians tackle various roles such as maternity and emergency care in these areas. However, there aren't nearly enough family physicians in these areas, and something needs to be done.
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The impact of nurse practitioner regulations onpopulation ac
The impact of nurse practitioner regulations on
population access to care
Donna Felber Neff, PhD, RN, FNAPa,*, Sul Hee Yoon, PhDb, Ruth L. Steiner, PhDc,
Ilir Bejleri, PhDb, Michael D. Bumbach, PhD, FNP-BCd, Damian Everhart, PhD, RNe,
Jeffrey S. Harman, PhDf
a College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
b Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
c Center for Health and the Built Environment, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University Of Florida, Gainesville, FL
d College of Nursing, Department of Family, Community, and Health System Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
e Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, University of Central Florida, Palm City, FL
f Department of Behavioral Sciences & Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
A R T I C L E I N F O
Article history:
Received 15 November 2017
Accepted 5 March 2018
Available online 8 March 2018.
Keywords:
Nurse practitioner scope of
practice
Population access to care
Drive time
State NP practice regulations
A B S T R A C T
Background: By 2025, experts estimate a significant shortage of primary care pro-
viders in the United States, and expansion of the nurse practitioner (NP) workforce
may reduce this burden. However, barriers imposed by state NP regulations could
reduce access to primary care.
Purpose: The objectives of this study were to examine the association between three
levels of NP state practice regulation (independent, minimum restrictive, and most
restrictive) and the proportion of the population with a greater than 30-min travel
time to a primary care provider using geocoding.
Methods: Logistic regression models were conducted to calculate the adjusted odds
of having a greater than 30-min drive time.
Findings: Compared with the most restrictive NP states, states with independent
practice had 19.2% lower odds (p = .001) of a greater than 30-min drive to the closest
primary care provider.
Discussion: Allowing NPs full autonomy to practice may be a relatively simple policy
mechanism for states to improve access to primary care.
Cite this article: Neff, D. F., Yoon, S. H., Steiner, R. L., Bejleri, I., Bumbach, M. D., Everhart, D., & Harman,
J. S. (2018, JULY/AUGUST). The impact of nurse practitioner regulations on population access to care. Nursing
Outlook, 66(4), 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2018.03.001.
Background
The benefits of an adequate supply of primary care pro-
viders on patient health have been well documented in
the scientific literature, including improved care coor-
dination and better overall patient outcomes (Macinko,
Starfield, & Shi, 2007; Starfield, Shi, & Macinko, 2005).
However, a shortage of primary care physicians (MDs)
in the United States is estimated to exceed 52,000 by
2025 (Petterson et al., 2012), most notably in key geo-
graphic locations, including medically underserved and
health professional shortage ...
Role of Family medicine in fighting illness by Prof Faisal Alnaser /Alnasir ...
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Family physicians and primary care are essential for strong healthcare systems and improved population health outcomes. Studies from numerous countries have shown that greater emphasis on primary care, through measures like increased primary care physician supply and comprehensive primary health services, is associated with lower costs, reduced health inequities, decreased preventable hospitalizations, and lower mortality rates. In contrast, reliance on specialist care has been linked to higher costs and greater mortality. Strong primary healthcare should be the foundation of any national health system.Role of Family Physicians in Health Care; Home Care as a tool
Role of Family Physicians in Health Care; Home Care as a toolFaisal Alnaser - Alnasir د فيصل عبداللطيف الناصر
The home visit is a crucial responsibility of family doctors. By doing home visits the physician and the team become more aware of the nature of the illness and other factors that playing role in either increasing the burden or decreasing the severity of the disease 9Such as the home environment, the family members interactions, and others...)Clin ed poster Rurality 11-18 423
This study analyzed the rural and urban clinical placement patterns of physical therapy students from a rural university over an eight year period. The majority (69%) of placements were in urban areas, with the remaining 31% in rural areas. While integrated clinical experiences increasingly exposed students to rural healthcare, full-time placements relied heavily on urban sites. This uneven distribution between rural and urban placements for training may influence students' decisions to practice in rural areas after graduation and relates to rural healthcare workforce shortages.
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Physician shortage in canada
Physician shortages in Canada have been a topic of debate for decades. In the 1990s, there was a consensus that Canada had a physician surplus, but by the early 2000s policies shifted to increasing medical school enrolment and allowing more foreign graduates due to a perceived shortage. However, the causes of shortages are complex, with factors like physician migration to the US and preferences for specialty careers over family medicine contributing. While some argue for general increases in physician supply, others propose improving retention through addressing job satisfaction or focusing on primary care over specialties. There are differing views on how to best address physician resource issues in the Canadian healthcare system.
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Recommended
The impact of nurse practitioner regulations onpopulation ac
The impact of nurse practitioner regulations on
population access to care
Donna Felber Neff, PhD, RN, FNAPa,*, Sul Hee Yoon, PhDb, Ruth L. Steiner, PhDc,
Ilir Bejleri, PhDb, Michael D. Bumbach, PhD, FNP-BCd, Damian Everhart, PhD, RNe,
Jeffrey S. Harman, PhDf
a College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
b Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
c Center for Health and the Built Environment, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University Of Florida, Gainesville, FL
d College of Nursing, Department of Family, Community, and Health System Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
e Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, University of Central Florida, Palm City, FL
f Department of Behavioral Sciences & Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
A R T I C L E I N F O
Article history:
Received 15 November 2017
Accepted 5 March 2018
Available online 8 March 2018.
Keywords:
Nurse practitioner scope of
practice
Population access to care
Drive time
State NP practice regulations
A B S T R A C T
Background: By 2025, experts estimate a significant shortage of primary care pro-
viders in the United States, and expansion of the nurse practitioner (NP) workforce
may reduce this burden. However, barriers imposed by state NP regulations could
reduce access to primary care.
Purpose: The objectives of this study were to examine the association between three
levels of NP state practice regulation (independent, minimum restrictive, and most
restrictive) and the proportion of the population with a greater than 30-min travel
time to a primary care provider using geocoding.
Methods: Logistic regression models were conducted to calculate the adjusted odds
of having a greater than 30-min drive time.
Findings: Compared with the most restrictive NP states, states with independent
practice had 19.2% lower odds (p = .001) of a greater than 30-min drive to the closest
primary care provider.
Discussion: Allowing NPs full autonomy to practice may be a relatively simple policy
mechanism for states to improve access to primary care.
Cite this article: Neff, D. F., Yoon, S. H., Steiner, R. L., Bejleri, I., Bumbach, M. D., Everhart, D., & Harman,
J. S. (2018, JULY/AUGUST). The impact of nurse practitioner regulations on population access to care. Nursing
Outlook, 66(4), 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2018.03.001.
Background
The benefits of an adequate supply of primary care pro-
viders on patient health have been well documented in
the scientific literature, including improved care coor-
dination and better overall patient outcomes (Macinko,
Starfield, & Shi, 2007; Starfield, Shi, & Macinko, 2005).
However, a shortage of primary care physicians (MDs)
in the United States is estimated to exceed 52,000 by
2025 (Petterson et al., 2012), most notably in key geo-
graphic locations, including medically underserved and
health professional shortage ...
Role of Family medicine in fighting illness by Prof Faisal Alnaser /Alnasir ...
Role of Family medicine in fighting illness by Prof Faisal Alnaser /Alnasir ...Professor Faisal Alnasir / alnaser
Family physicians and primary care are essential for strong healthcare systems and improved population health outcomes. Studies from numerous countries have shown that greater emphasis on primary care, through measures like increased primary care physician supply and comprehensive primary health services, is associated with lower costs, reduced health inequities, decreased preventable hospitalizations, and lower mortality rates. In contrast, reliance on specialist care has been linked to higher costs and greater mortality. Strong primary healthcare should be the foundation of any national health system.Role of Family Physicians in Health Care; Home Care as a tool
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The home visit is a crucial responsibility of family doctors. By doing home visits the physician and the team become more aware of the nature of the illness and other factors that playing role in either increasing the burden or decreasing the severity of the disease 9Such as the home environment, the family members interactions, and others...)Clin ed poster Rurality 11-18 423
This study analyzed the rural and urban clinical placement patterns of physical therapy students from a rural university over an eight year period. The majority (69%) of placements were in urban areas, with the remaining 31% in rural areas. While integrated clinical experiences increasingly exposed students to rural healthcare, full-time placements relied heavily on urban sites. This uneven distribution between rural and urban placements for training may influence students' decisions to practice in rural areas after graduation and relates to rural healthcare workforce shortages.
2011 08 Hooker Everett Primary Care Pa Review
Physician assistants can contribute significantly to primary care systems. Studies show that PAs can provide comprehensive care, maintain accessibility and accountability comparable to physicians. While PAs perform many of the key
Physician shortage in canada
Physician shortages in Canada have been a topic of debate for decades. In the 1990s, there was a consensus that Canada had a physician surplus, but by the early 2000s policies shifted to increasing medical school enrolment and allowing more foreign graduates due to a perceived shortage. However, the causes of shortages are complex, with factors like physician migration to the US and preferences for specialty careers over family medicine contributing. While some argue for self-sufficiency through training more Canadian and international medical graduates, others propose alternatives like inter-professional collaboration and team-based care models. There is still no consensus on how to define or address physician shortages in Canada.
Physician shortage in canada
Physician shortages in Canada have been a topic of debate for decades. In the 1990s, there was a consensus that Canada had a physician surplus, but by the early 2000s policies shifted to increasing medical school enrolment and allowing more foreign graduates due to a perceived shortage. However, the causes of shortages are complex, with factors like physician migration to the US and preferences for specialty careers over family medicine contributing. While some argue for general increases in physician supply, others propose improving retention through addressing job satisfaction or focusing on primary care over specialties. There are differing views on how to best address physician resource issues in the Canadian healthcare system.
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This document discusses the need for occupational therapy programs to help underdeveloped preterm infants transition from the hospital to home. Preterm births are a major health issue, costing $7.4 billion annually in the US. In Texas, over 50,000 births were preterm in 2006, comprising 13.7% of total births. Late preterm infants face higher risks of various health issues. The document proposes a program called "Rainbow" to improve communication between medical professionals and families to facilitate a smoother transition home for preterm infants. The program goals and objectives aim to address identified gaps and needs.
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Family med role agu research conf 15 5-13
Role of the family physician in fighting common health problems. Most of the common problem could be prevented with adequate care
JONAVolume 41, Number 3, pp 129-137Copyright B 2011 Wolter.docx
JONA
Volume 41, Number 3, pp 129-137
Copyright B 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
T H E J O U R N A L O F N U R S I N G A D M I N I S T R A T I O N
Rural Hospital Nursing
Results of a National Survey of Nurse Executives
Robin P. Newhouse, PhD, RN, NEA-BC
Laura Morlock, PhD
Peter Pronovost, MD, PhD
Sara Breckenridge Sproat, PhD, RN
Objective: The objective of the study was to describe
nursing characteristics in small and larger rural
hospitals and determine whether differences exist in
market, hospital, and nursing characteristics.
Background: A better description of nursing in rural
settings is needed to understand the work context.
Methods: A national sample of rural hospital nurse
executives (n = 280) completed the Nurse Environ-
ment Survey and Essentials of Magnetism instrument.
Results: Larger rural hospitals are more likely than
small hospitals to have a clinical ladder (32.4% vs
19.4%), more baccalaureate-prepared RNs (20.8%
vs 17.1%), greater perceived economic (mean, 9.5 vs
8.5) and external influences (mean, 41.1 vs 39.8),
lower shared vision among hospital staff (mean, 18.4
vs 19.4), and higher levels of quality and safety
engagement (mean, 16.9 vs 16.1). Most nurses em-
ployed in rural hospitals are educated at the associate
degree (77.4%) level.
Conclusions: Contextual differences exist between
small and larger rural hospitals. To promote the
best patient outcomes, attention to contextual
differences is needed to tailor nursing interventions
to fit the resources, environment, and patient needs
in a given healthcare setting.
America’s rural populations encounter barriers to
quality healthcare.1 These quality barriers corre-
spond with an alarming increase in healthcare costs,
placing a direct and specific economic burden on
rural areas.2 Rural populations are expected to
experience heightened healthcare needs (aging pop-
ulation and increase in minorities), greater income
disparities (lower income and education than urban
settings), provider price hikes, and increased de-
mand for expensive technology (to which rural
residents do not always have access).2
Forty percent (1,998 of 5,010) of US community
hospitals registered with the American Hospital Asso-
ciation (AHA) are rural (nonmetropolitan).3 These hos-
pitals provided care for 12.8% (5.1 million) of all US
hospitalizations in 2007.4 The definition of Brural[ is var-
iable, with estimates for the rural population ranging
between 10% and 28% of the US total population.5,6
Rural was defined in this study based on the sam-
pling frame from a prior study using the Office of Man-
agement and Budget (OMB) pre-2003 classification
system for metropolitan/ nonmetropolitan areas.7,8
This system is based on metropolitan statistical areas
(MSAs) generated by the US Census Bureau, which
uses a county-level classification. Rural hospitals are
defined as those located in counties that do not
qualify as MSAs. Although there are many alternative
definitio.
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Running head: RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
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Research Questions
Grand Canyon University
PICOT Statement
The paper will put into focus the aspect associated with the shortage of nursing staff in the healthcare system of the United States of America. It is evident that the shortage of nursing professionals in the country has resulted in an escalation of LTAC that is Long Term Acute Care patients who are of forty years and above. It is evident that the shortage has resulted in such patients staying in the health facilities for a prolonged period of time of about five months. Staying in a health facility for that prolonged period of time has not had a positive effect on the health of the patients and instead, it has resulted in their health decrementing to low levels
.
Population Problem
The shortage of nurses in the USA has had drastic effects on the healthcare system. Additionally, the ratio of nursing professionals to that of the patients is not equivalent as per the set legal, policy and management standards needed to ensure that the quality of healthcare disseminated to the patients is sufficient. The shortage has been contributed by the increase in demand for better healthcare, a decline in the number of experienced nurses’ professionals and also a decline in the number of registered nurses. The high rate of nurses’ turnover has also led to a decline in the number of nurses. Research indicates that in every three nurses one drops out of the profession after working for an estimated period of two years (Burns, & Grove, 2011). Additionally, it is also evident that one out of five nurses drop out of the profession in cases where the nurses work under stressful environments. Forecasts have indicated that the problem may escalate in years to come especially due to the fact that the demand for better healthcare will not be met by the supply of nursing professionals. The problem has affected a number of healthcare facilities that have seen them being closed due to a decline in nature and the quality of the services being offered. This has led to a decline in the ratio of nurses to the patients. The problem has also led to overworking of nurses especially in facilities that focus mainly on chronic illnesses (Burns, & Grove, 2011
).
Intervention
In the case, an evidence-based approach can be used in finding an intervention. The research will put into consideration six hospitals and the data will be collected based on a random sampling of the respondents. The respondents will be chosen from the nurses' population in the highlighted facilities and will be used in trying to come up with solutions for the problem (Marć, Bartosiewicz, Burzyńska, Chmiel, & Januszewicz, 2019
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Comparison
In the case, the research will put into consideration LTCA
patients in the selected facilities. The management and the nurses will also participate in the research. Nurses will be provided with a platform where they will be able to respond to various.
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A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS:
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MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS
Rebecca E. Clark
Lifespan Family Healthcare, Newcastle, Maine
Deanna Linville
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Karen H. Rosen
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related care, but their referral to and collaboration with MFTs were limited. Through
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could more effectively initiate collaboration with FPs.
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ily therapists (MFTs) collaborate in routine patient care. To our knowledge, there have been
no studies published from the perspective of the FP that describe the extent to which FPs seek
the collaboration of MFTs, the degree to which they are aware of MFT as a field, their per-
ceived need for their patients to receive MFT, or their attitude toward MFT as a potential
resource for patient treatment.
Leaders in family medicine and MFT recognize the common occurrence of mental health
concerns arising in a medical visit. In fact, it has been estimated that more than 60% of patient
visits to primary care physicians (PCPs) include mental health concerns (Moon, 1997), and
many of these concerns may not be the presenting complaint (Jackson & Tisher, 1996;
Schurman, Kramer, & Mitchell, 1985). Several MFT ⁄ FP teams have developed models for col-
laboration (Doherty & Baird, 1983; Dym & Berman, 1986; Hepworth & Jackson, 1985; Sea-
burn, Lorenz, Gunn, Gawinski, & Mauksch, 1996). Other researchers and practitioners have
written books that serve as a guide to other mental health practitioners for how to be effective
collaborators with other healthcare practitioners (e.g., Seaburn et al., 1996).
The specialty of family medicine, which arose in the 1960s, embraces a systemic, biopsy-
chosocial perspective to illness that stresses the importance of caring for the whole person
within his or her family, social context, and life cycle stage (Chung, 1996; Fischetti &
McCutchan, 2002). It is not surprising that FPs regularly treat their patients’ mental health
problems. By definition of their specialty, FPs are trained to integrate behavioral science con-
cepts with their biomedical training (AAFP, 2000; Seaburn et al., 1996) as well as to manage
Rebecca E. Clark, MS, Lifespan Family Healthcare, Newcastle, Maine; Deanna Linville, PhD, Couples and
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INSIDE THE WAR ON POVERTY: THE IMPACT OF FOOD STAMPS
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Douglas Almond, Hilary W. Hoynes, and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach*
Abstract—This paper evaluates the health impacts of a signature initiative of the War on Poverty: the introduction of the modern Food Stamp Pro- gram (FSP). Using variation in the month FSP began operating in each U.S. county, we find that pregnancies exposed to FSP three months prior to birth yielded deliveries with increased birth weight, with the largest gains at the lowest birth weights. We also find small but statistically insig- nificant improvements in neonatal mortality. We conclude that the sizable increase in income from FSP improved birth outcomes for both whites and African Americans, with larger impacts for African American mothers.
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IN this paper, we evaluate the health consequences of a sizable improvement in the resources available to Ameri-
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We use the natural experiment afforded by the nation- wide rollout of the modern FSP during the 1960s and early 1970s. Our identification strategy uses the sharp timing of the county-by-county rollout of the FSP, which was initially constrained by congressional funding authorizations (and ultimately became available in all counties by 1975). Speci- fically, we use information on the month the FSP began operating in each of the roughly 3,100 U.S. counties and examine the impact of the FSP rollout on mean birth weight, low birth weight, gestation, and neonatal mortality.
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Using the brief case description below, prepare a script you could use to call the mock client’s pediatrician for a 10-minute conversation. To prepare, consider the following: What facts do you need to communicate to the doctor? What will the doctor likely want to know from you? What will you want to be sure to tell the doctor about your diagnosis of him having ADHD and treatment plan for family? You diagnose that he should be placed on medication and pediatricians nurse prescribe the diagnosis level
Case description: Your client is an 8-year-old male whose parents are concerned might have ADHD. He is the middle child of three boys. You have met the parents and the child in your initial sessions. At this point, you have had only three sessions with the family. Your client says he has lots of friends, he hates school because it’s boring, and his parents yell at him too much!
Write a mock transcript of an imaginary phone call between you and the client’s physician. In your mock discussion, include information you would provide to the doctor about your assessment, treatment plan, and orientation to treating ADHD; include the doctor’s questions or responses to the information you provide. Also, include questions you would ask the doctor, and the doctor’s responses.
Transcript Length: 5 pages
A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS:
PERSPECTIVES ON COLLABORATION WITH
MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS
Rebecca E. Clark
Lifespan Family Healthcare, Newcastle, Maine
Deanna Linville
University of Oregon
Karen H. Rosen
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Recognizing the fit between family medicine and marriage and family therapy (MFT),
members of both fields have made significant advances in collaborative health research
and practice. To add to this work, we surveyed a nationwide random sample of 240 family
physicians (FPs) and asked about their perspectives and experiences of collaboration with
MFTs. We found that FPs frequently perceive a need for their patients to receive MFT-
related care, but their referral to and collaboration with MFTs were limited. Through
responses to an open-ended question, we gained valuable information as to how MFTs
could more effectively initiate collaboration with FPs.
Despite the success of medical family therapists in providing integrative, collaborative
healthcare, we know little about how commonly family physicians (FPs) and marriage and fam-
ily therapists (MFTs) collaborate in routine patient care. To our knowledge, there have been
no studies published from the perspective of the FP that describe the extent to which FPs seek
the collaboration of MFTs, the degree to which they are aware of MFT as a field, their per-
ceived need for their patients to receive MFT, or their attitude toward MFT as a potential
resource for patient treatment.
Leaders in family medicine and MFT recognize the common occurrence of mental health
concerns arising in a medical visit. In fact, it ...
Wayne County PM2.5 Levels on Lab Visit Days Among Youth With Asthma: A Method...
Wayne County PM2.5 Levels on Lab Visit Days Among Youth With Asthma: A Method...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2023 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Taral Patel and Sophie Habashy
Asthma negatively affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, with the acknowledgment that the African American/Black community is disproportionately afflicted by the disease. Research suggests that increased atmospheric particulate matter among other pollutants is correlated with higher rates of reported asthma symptoms and hospitalizations.
The present study describes the methodology of cross-referencing Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported daily particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) with participant laboratory visits with the goal of allowing researchers to assess the effect of this pollutant with concurrent reports of psychosocial and asthma measures. Part of this data comes from the Asthma in the Lives of Families Today study which investigated psychosocial predictors of asthma-related health among African American children from the Detroit area between 2011-2018. Determining PM2.5 levels on lab visit days was conducted in multiple steps. Firstly, participants' zip codes were used to determine their geographical census block (i.e., GEOID). Next, GEOIDs were matched to the most closely located EPA PM2.5 sites of the twelve stationed in Wayne County.
After the EPA site was matched to the participant, the PM2.5 measurement on the day of each participant's ALOFT visit was identified. This methodological approach provided a clear air pollution reference on the date of lab visits, allowing ALOFT researchers to investigate its specific and subsequent impact on child asthma health.Claiming the People's Home: Competing Uses of Folkhemmet in Sweden's Radical ...
Claiming the People's Home: Competing Uses of Folkhemmet in Sweden's Radical ...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
The document analyzes the use of the Swedish political term "folkhemmet" or "the people's home" by different political parties over time. It began as a term used by the Social Democrats in 1928 to represent a unified Swedish society but has since been adopted by both the radical right and center-left. The researchers examine primary sources like parliamentary debates and party speeches to trace how the term's meaning and associations have shifted. Their ongoing study considers the links between folkhemmet and concepts like populism and how different parties have attempted to define "the people" the term refers to.More Related Content
Similar to The Importance of Rural Family Physicians
Workforce Graduate Medical Education
The US healthcare system has an imbalance of specialists versus primary care physicians and a maldistribution of practitioners geographically. Physician education involves premedical education, medical school, graduate medical education (GME), and continuing education. GME determines a physician's specialty and around 16,000 physicians enter GME programs each year, though there is no system to ensure the appropriate distribution of specialties. Nonphysician clinicians are playing a larger role in the system and their numbers are projected to double by 2010.
Minority providers
This document discusses the importance of minority healthcare providers in addressing health disparities. It begins by outlining objectives around describing the current state of minority HIV providers and factors affecting their participation. It then summarizes data showing that minority patients comprise a large portion of HIV cases but minority providers are underrepresented in the HIV workforce. Barriers for minority providers include stigma, aging providers, and lack of reimbursement. The role of minority providers is critical for improving outcomes through cultural concordance. Strategies proposed to address issues include increasing numbers of minority HIV providers through incentives, training programs, and recruitment efforts.
Trends in Graduate Medical Education
This was a presentation given by Kathleen Klink, MD, FAAFP at the Family Medicine Congressional Conference, 2015.
Family med role agu research conf 15 5-13
Role of the family physician in fighting common health problems. Most of the common problem could be prevented with adequate care
JONAVolume 41, Number 3, pp 129-137Copyright B 2011 Wolter.docx
JONA
Volume 41, Number 3, pp 129-137
Copyright B 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
T H E J O U R N A L O F N U R S I N G A D M I N I S T R A T I O N
Rural Hospital Nursing
Results of a National Survey of Nurse Executives
Robin P. Newhouse, PhD, RN, NEA-BC
Laura Morlock, PhD
Peter Pronovost, MD, PhD
Sara Breckenridge Sproat, PhD, RN
Objective: The objective of the study was to describe
nursing characteristics in small and larger rural
hospitals and determine whether differences exist in
market, hospital, and nursing characteristics.
Background: A better description of nursing in rural
settings is needed to understand the work context.
Methods: A national sample of rural hospital nurse
executives (n = 280) completed the Nurse Environ-
ment Survey and Essentials of Magnetism instrument.
Results: Larger rural hospitals are more likely than
small hospitals to have a clinical ladder (32.4% vs
19.4%), more baccalaureate-prepared RNs (20.8%
vs 17.1%), greater perceived economic (mean, 9.5 vs
8.5) and external influences (mean, 41.1 vs 39.8),
lower shared vision among hospital staff (mean, 18.4
vs 19.4), and higher levels of quality and safety
engagement (mean, 16.9 vs 16.1). Most nurses em-
ployed in rural hospitals are educated at the associate
degree (77.4%) level.
Conclusions: Contextual differences exist between
small and larger rural hospitals. To promote the
best patient outcomes, attention to contextual
differences is needed to tailor nursing interventions
to fit the resources, environment, and patient needs
in a given healthcare setting.
America’s rural populations encounter barriers to
quality healthcare.1 These quality barriers corre-
spond with an alarming increase in healthcare costs,
placing a direct and specific economic burden on
rural areas.2 Rural populations are expected to
experience heightened healthcare needs (aging pop-
ulation and increase in minorities), greater income
disparities (lower income and education than urban
settings), provider price hikes, and increased de-
mand for expensive technology (to which rural
residents do not always have access).2
Forty percent (1,998 of 5,010) of US community
hospitals registered with the American Hospital Asso-
ciation (AHA) are rural (nonmetropolitan).3 These hos-
pitals provided care for 12.8% (5.1 million) of all US
hospitalizations in 2007.4 The definition of Brural[ is var-
iable, with estimates for the rural population ranging
between 10% and 28% of the US total population.5,6
Rural was defined in this study based on the sam-
pling frame from a prior study using the Office of Man-
agement and Budget (OMB) pre-2003 classification
system for metropolitan/ nonmetropolitan areas.7,8
This system is based on metropolitan statistical areas
(MSAs) generated by the US Census Bureau, which
uses a county-level classification. Rural hospitals are
defined as those located in counties that do not
qualify as MSAs. Although there are many alternative
definitio.
Running head RESEARCH QUESTIONS1RESEARCH QUESTIONS2.docx
Running head: RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
2
Research Questions
Grand Canyon University
PICOT Statement
The paper will put into focus the aspect associated with the shortage of nursing staff in the healthcare system of the United States of America. It is evident that the shortage of nursing professionals in the country has resulted in an escalation of LTAC that is Long Term Acute Care patients who are of forty years and above. It is evident that the shortage has resulted in such patients staying in the health facilities for a prolonged period of time of about five months. Staying in a health facility for that prolonged period of time has not had a positive effect on the health of the patients and instead, it has resulted in their health decrementing to low levels
.
Population Problem
The shortage of nurses in the USA has had drastic effects on the healthcare system. Additionally, the ratio of nursing professionals to that of the patients is not equivalent as per the set legal, policy and management standards needed to ensure that the quality of healthcare disseminated to the patients is sufficient. The shortage has been contributed by the increase in demand for better healthcare, a decline in the number of experienced nurses’ professionals and also a decline in the number of registered nurses. The high rate of nurses’ turnover has also led to a decline in the number of nurses. Research indicates that in every three nurses one drops out of the profession after working for an estimated period of two years (Burns, & Grove, 2011). Additionally, it is also evident that one out of five nurses drop out of the profession in cases where the nurses work under stressful environments. Forecasts have indicated that the problem may escalate in years to come especially due to the fact that the demand for better healthcare will not be met by the supply of nursing professionals. The problem has affected a number of healthcare facilities that have seen them being closed due to a decline in nature and the quality of the services being offered. This has led to a decline in the ratio of nurses to the patients. The problem has also led to overworking of nurses especially in facilities that focus mainly on chronic illnesses (Burns, & Grove, 2011
).
Intervention
In the case, an evidence-based approach can be used in finding an intervention. The research will put into consideration six hospitals and the data will be collected based on a random sampling of the respondents. The respondents will be chosen from the nurses' population in the highlighted facilities and will be used in trying to come up with solutions for the problem (Marć, Bartosiewicz, Burzyńska, Chmiel, & Januszewicz, 2019
).
Comparison
In the case, the research will put into consideration LTCA
patients in the selected facilities. The management and the nurses will also participate in the research. Nurses will be provided with a platform where they will be able to respond to various.
Reducing Readmissions and Length of Stay
The goal of this webinar was to help healthcare professionals improve care coordination for patients with advanced illness and to reduce hospital readmissions and length of stay.
A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANSPERSPECTIVES ON COLLA.docx
A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS:
PERSPECTIVES ON COLLABORATION WITH
MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS
Rebecca E. Clark
Lifespan Family Healthcare, Newcastle, Maine
Deanna Linville
University of Oregon
Karen H. Rosen
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Recognizing the fit between family medicine and marriage and family therapy (MFT),
members of both fields have made significant advances in collaborative health research
and practice. To add to this work, we surveyed a nationwide random sample of 240 family
physicians (FPs) and asked about their perspectives and experiences of collaboration with
MFTs. We found that FPs frequently perceive a need for their patients to receive MFT-
related care, but their referral to and collaboration with MFTs were limited. Through
responses to an open-ended question, we gained valuable information as to how MFTs
could more effectively initiate collaboration with FPs.
Despite the success of medical family therapists in providing integrative, collaborative
healthcare, we know little about how commonly family physicians (FPs) and marriage and fam-
ily therapists (MFTs) collaborate in routine patient care. To our knowledge, there have been
no studies published from the perspective of the FP that describe the extent to which FPs seek
the collaboration of MFTs, the degree to which they are aware of MFT as a field, their per-
ceived need for their patients to receive MFT, or their attitude toward MFT as a potential
resource for patient treatment.
Leaders in family medicine and MFT recognize the common occurrence of mental health
concerns arising in a medical visit. In fact, it has been estimated that more than 60% of patient
visits to primary care physicians (PCPs) include mental health concerns (Moon, 1997), and
many of these concerns may not be the presenting complaint (Jackson & Tisher, 1996;
Schurman, Kramer, & Mitchell, 1985). Several MFT ⁄ FP teams have developed models for col-
laboration (Doherty & Baird, 1983; Dym & Berman, 1986; Hepworth & Jackson, 1985; Sea-
burn, Lorenz, Gunn, Gawinski, & Mauksch, 1996). Other researchers and practitioners have
written books that serve as a guide to other mental health practitioners for how to be effective
collaborators with other healthcare practitioners (e.g., Seaburn et al., 1996).
The specialty of family medicine, which arose in the 1960s, embraces a systemic, biopsy-
chosocial perspective to illness that stresses the importance of caring for the whole person
within his or her family, social context, and life cycle stage (Chung, 1996; Fischetti &
McCutchan, 2002). It is not surprising that FPs regularly treat their patients’ mental health
problems. By definition of their specialty, FPs are trained to integrate behavioral science con-
cepts with their biomedical training (AAFP, 2000; Seaburn et al., 1996) as well as to manage
Rebecca E. Clark, MS, Lifespan Family Healthcare, Newcastle, Maine; Deanna Linville, PhD, Couples and
Family Therapy .
Determinants of delivery of health services by community health workers a cas...
1) The document examines the determinants of health service delivery by community health workers (CHWs) in Embu District, Kenya.
2) It finds that CHWs provide vital health services at the community level, including referrals, community meetings, and health education. However, household visits are low.
3) The main factors influencing health service delivery are the availability of income, supplies, refresher training, number of days working, feedback, and disease knowledge. Older and younger CHWs and male CHWs were more active than others.
DGH Lecture Series: Amy Hagopian
Department of Global Health Lecture Series
Amy Hagopian
October 7, 2008
'HELP WANTED! Problems in Health Workforce Globalization.'
Physician Shortage in the United States_12_2014
The document discusses several factors contributing to physician shortages in the United States and internationally. It notes the shortage of primary care physicians in the US, decreasing interest in medicine as a career, and insufficient numbers of medical schools and training programs globally. Specific issues covered include the low number of medical schools in developing countries, international medical graduates leaving their home countries, and uneven distribution of physicians and facilities within countries. Potential solutions proposed are increasing community health workers, expanding medical education programs, and implementing rural pipeline training programs.
Health Care System Outpatient Services HW.pdf
This document provides instructions and additional resources for a writing assignment on health care systems and outpatient services. The instructions ask the tutor to write a 700 word paper defining outpatient care, key changes shifting balance to outpatient services, how outpatient services impact continuity of care, and why hospital administrators should consider outpatient care an important business strategy. The document also provides 15 additional sources for the tutor to cite from and instructs them to use chapters 7 and 8 from a specific textbook.
Health Care System Outpatient Services HW.pdf
This document provides instructions for a health care assignment on outpatient services. It asks the tutor to write a 700 word paper discussing: 1) an overview of outpatient services, 2) key changes shifting balance to outpatient care, 3) how outpatient services improve continuity of care, and 4) why outpatient care is important for hospital strategy. It provides additional sources for the tutor to cite from and asks them to cite 15 sources total, including from two specified chapters in a textbook.
Global Health Disparities - Presentation.pptx
This document discusses global health disparities and their causes. Socioeconomic factors directly correlate with unequal access to and quality of healthcare around the world. In many low and middle income countries, healthcare services and facilities are rarely available or insufficient, especially in rural areas. Discrimination also contributes to health disparities as some groups receive lower quality care or lack access to certain treatments. Potential solutions proposed include implementing universal healthcare, focusing on disease prevention, and reforming how healthcare is financed globally to improve equity.
The Review of Economics and StatisticsVOL- XCIII MAY 2011 NUMBER 2INSI.docx
The Review of Economics and Statistics VOL. XCIII MAY 2011 NUMBER 2
INSIDE THE WAR ON POVERTY: THE IMPACT OF FOOD STAMPS
ON BIRTH OUTCOMES
Douglas Almond, Hilary W. Hoynes, and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach*
Abstract—This paper evaluates the health impacts of a signature initiative of the War on Poverty: the introduction of the modern Food Stamp Pro- gram (FSP). Using variation in the month FSP began operating in each U.S. county, we find that pregnancies exposed to FSP three months prior to birth yielded deliveries with increased birth weight, with the largest gains at the lowest birth weights. We also find small but statistically insig- nificant improvements in neonatal mortality. We conclude that the sizable increase in income from FSP improved birth outcomes for both whites and African Americans, with larger impacts for African American mothers.
I. Introduction
IN this paper, we evaluate the health consequences of a sizable improvement in the resources available to Ameri-
ca’s poorest. In particular, we examine the impact of the Food Stamp Program (FSP), which in 2007 provided $34 billion in payments to about 13 million households, on infant health. Our paper makes two distinct contributions. First, although the goal of the FSP is to increase the nutri- tion of the poor, few papers have examined its impact on health outcomes. Second, building on work by Hoynes and Schanzenbach (2009), we argue that the FSP treatment represents an exogenous increase in income for the poor. Our analysis therefore represents a causal estimate of the impact of income on health, an important topic with little convincing evidence due to concerns about endogeneity and reverse causality (Currie, 2009).
We use the natural experiment afforded by the nation- wide rollout of the modern FSP during the 1960s and early 1970s. Our identification strategy uses the sharp timing of the county-by-county rollout of the FSP, which was initially constrained by congressional funding authorizations (and ultimately became available in all counties by 1975). Speci- fically, we use information on the month the FSP began operating in each of the roughly 3,100 U.S. counties and examine the impact of the FSP rollout on mean birth weight, low birth weight, gestation, and neonatal mortality.
Throughout the history of the FSP, the program para- meters have been set by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and are uniform across states. In the absence of the state-level variation often leveraged by economists to eval- uate transfer programs, previous FSP research has typically resorted to strong assumptions as to the comparability of FSP participants and eligible nonparticipants (Currie, 2003). Not surprisingly, the literature is far from settled as to what casual impact (if any) the FSP has on nutrition and health.
Hoynes and Schanzenbach (2009) use this county rollout to examine the impact of the FSP on food consumption using the PSID. They found that the introduction of the FSP in.
Advancing Nursing Research to Address Global Health Challenges
I this presentation, I will delve into the significance
of nursing research, some of the global health challenges that demand our attention,
the current state of nursing research, the vital role of studies conducted by nurses in
addressing these challenges, and how we can collectively advance the cause of
nursing research. We will also explore the challenges and the hurdles that often
accompany our research journey. Furthermore, we will discuss the power of
research, the strengths of collaboration, the availability of resources, and the
dissemination of research findings to create a positive, lasting impact.
Pstf122006
The Task Force recommends improved monitoring of physician workforce issues and specific strategies and action steps to achieve four goals related to assuring an adequate supply of physicians to meet Alaska’s need. These are detailed in the report: Securing an Adequate Number of Physicians for Alaska’s Needs.
Barriers to Practice and Impact on CareAn Analysis of the P.docx
This document summarizes barriers to practice for psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) in New York State. It discusses how statutory collaborative agreements requiring oversight from psychiatrists disrupt continuity of care for patients and limit PMHNPs' autonomous practice. National statistics show a significant need for more mental healthcare providers. While PMHNPs are well-positioned to address this need, barriers like restrictive regulations prevent them from doing so. The document calls for reforms to expand PMHNPs' scope of practice and reduce barriers that impede access to mental healthcare.
Rebuilding the Health Care System in New Orleans and the US
The document discusses rebuilding the health care system in New Orleans post-Hurricane Katrina and applying Jewish principles of health care. It notes that pre-Katrina, Louisiana ranked 50th in health outcomes and had high rates of poverty, uninsured individuals, and health disparities. After Katrina, most hospitals and health infrastructure was destroyed, exacerbating access issues. The document advocates redesigning the system based on primary care-centered models shown to improve outcomes and lower costs through principles like comprehensive and coordinated care.
Family Therapy CourseUsing the brief case description below, pre.docx
Family Therapy Course
Using the brief case description below, prepare a script you could use to call the mock client’s pediatrician for a 10-minute conversation. To prepare, consider the following: What facts do you need to communicate to the doctor? What will the doctor likely want to know from you? What will you want to be sure to tell the doctor about your diagnosis of him having ADHD and treatment plan for family? You diagnose that he should be placed on medication and pediatricians nurse prescribe the diagnosis level
Case description: Your client is an 8-year-old male whose parents are concerned might have ADHD. He is the middle child of three boys. You have met the parents and the child in your initial sessions. At this point, you have had only three sessions with the family. Your client says he has lots of friends, he hates school because it’s boring, and his parents yell at him too much!
Write a mock transcript of an imaginary phone call between you and the client’s physician. In your mock discussion, include information you would provide to the doctor about your assessment, treatment plan, and orientation to treating ADHD; include the doctor’s questions or responses to the information you provide. Also, include questions you would ask the doctor, and the doctor’s responses.
Transcript Length: 5 pages
A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS:
PERSPECTIVES ON COLLABORATION WITH
MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS
Rebecca E. Clark
Lifespan Family Healthcare, Newcastle, Maine
Deanna Linville
University of Oregon
Karen H. Rosen
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Recognizing the fit between family medicine and marriage and family therapy (MFT),
members of both fields have made significant advances in collaborative health research
and practice. To add to this work, we surveyed a nationwide random sample of 240 family
physicians (FPs) and asked about their perspectives and experiences of collaboration with
MFTs. We found that FPs frequently perceive a need for their patients to receive MFT-
related care, but their referral to and collaboration with MFTs were limited. Through
responses to an open-ended question, we gained valuable information as to how MFTs
could more effectively initiate collaboration with FPs.
Despite the success of medical family therapists in providing integrative, collaborative
healthcare, we know little about how commonly family physicians (FPs) and marriage and fam-
ily therapists (MFTs) collaborate in routine patient care. To our knowledge, there have been
no studies published from the perspective of the FP that describe the extent to which FPs seek
the collaboration of MFTs, the degree to which they are aware of MFT as a field, their per-
ceived need for their patients to receive MFT, or their attitude toward MFT as a potential
resource for patient treatment.
Leaders in family medicine and MFT recognize the common occurrence of mental health
concerns arising in a medical visit. In fact, it ...
Similar to The Importance of Rural Family Physicians (20)
JONAVolume 41, Number 3, pp 129-137Copyright B 2011 Wolter.docx
JONAVolume 41, Number 3, pp 129-137Copyright B 2011 Wolter.docx
Running head RESEARCH QUESTIONS1RESEARCH QUESTIONS2.docx
Running head RESEARCH QUESTIONS1RESEARCH QUESTIONS2.docx
A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANSPERSPECTIVES ON COLLA.docx
A NATIONAL SURVEY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANSPERSPECTIVES ON COLLA.docx
Determinants of delivery of health services by community health workers a cas...
Determinants of delivery of health services by community health workers a cas...
The Review of Economics and StatisticsVOL- XCIII MAY 2011 NUMBER 2INSI.docx
The Review of Economics and StatisticsVOL- XCIII MAY 2011 NUMBER 2INSI.docx
Advancing Nursing Research to Address Global Health Challenges
Advancing Nursing Research to Address Global Health Challenges
Barriers to Practice and Impact on CareAn Analysis of the P.docx
Barriers to Practice and Impact on CareAn Analysis of the P.docx
Rebuilding the Health Care System in New Orleans and the US
Rebuilding the Health Care System in New Orleans and the US
Family Therapy CourseUsing the brief case description below, pre.docx
Family Therapy CourseUsing the brief case description below, pre.docx
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Wayne County PM2.5 Levels on Lab Visit Days Among Youth With Asthma: A Method...
Wayne County PM2.5 Levels on Lab Visit Days Among Youth With Asthma: A Method...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2023 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Taral Patel and Sophie Habashy
Asthma negatively affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, with the acknowledgment that the African American/Black community is disproportionately afflicted by the disease. Research suggests that increased atmospheric particulate matter among other pollutants is correlated with higher rates of reported asthma symptoms and hospitalizations.
The present study describes the methodology of cross-referencing Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported daily particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) with participant laboratory visits with the goal of allowing researchers to assess the effect of this pollutant with concurrent reports of psychosocial and asthma measures. Part of this data comes from the Asthma in the Lives of Families Today study which investigated psychosocial predictors of asthma-related health among African American children from the Detroit area between 2011-2018. Determining PM2.5 levels on lab visit days was conducted in multiple steps. Firstly, participants' zip codes were used to determine their geographical census block (i.e., GEOID). Next, GEOIDs were matched to the most closely located EPA PM2.5 sites of the twelve stationed in Wayne County.
After the EPA site was matched to the participant, the PM2.5 measurement on the day of each participant's ALOFT visit was identified. This methodological approach provided a clear air pollution reference on the date of lab visits, allowing ALOFT researchers to investigate its specific and subsequent impact on child asthma health.Claiming the People's Home: Competing Uses of Folkhemmet in Sweden's Radical ...
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The standard treatment for lower back pain has been interbody fusion: Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF). The invasive nature leads to muscle detachment and damaged nerves. To address these issues, minimally invasive (MI) TLIF techniques have been developed.
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A central health issue for those with a chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) above the sixth thoracic vertebrae is autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction results in significant increases and decreases in blood pressure and negatively affects health-related quality of life.
This uncontrolled blood pressure also negatively impacts cognitive function and adherence to rehabilitation programs. Additionally, the lesion itself impairs motor function thereby resulting in decreased physical activity and impaired mitochondrial function. Moreover, autonomic dysfunction can lead to an increased risk of stroke, and therefore increased mortality. Mild intermittent hypoxia (MIH), an experimental protocol in which participants experience lower oxygen, in a controlled and repetitive sequence, has been shown to improve blood pressure control in humans.
Our study aims to investigate the impact of MIH on autonomic dysfunction during in-lab provocation and during in-home testing. Likewise, we will also investigate the impact of MIH on mitochondrial and microvascular function and motor function. Our preliminary data shows that MIH may improve autonomic dysfunction which may be explained by improvements in baroreceptor and/or mitochondrial and endothelial function. As evidenced by our preliminary data, MIH is a promising potential protocol for improving health-related quality of life in those with SCI.Utilization of In vivo Longitudinal PET Imaging to Assess Class IIa HDAC Acti...
Utilization of In vivo Longitudinal PET Imaging to Assess Class IIa HDAC Acti...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2023 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Mahmoud Teran
The development of memories, including those throughout extinction learning, require neuroplasticity for encoding and retrieval to occur. As environmental factors can affect gene expression, epigenetic changes can play a critical role in the development of memory formation and updating and ultimately manifesting in behavioral changes reflective of the learning.
The purpose of the current project is to show the utility of Positron Emission Tomography (PET), a functional, molecular imaging technique that employs radioactive substances to measure specific markers in the brain. As part of our efforts to understand the neurobiological mechanisms of fear learning and the role of epigenetic changes using PET, images of the brains were collected before and after extinction learning of acquired long-term fear (LTF) memories induced by shock tone pairings made every 30 seconds over 38 min.
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2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Christina Kort
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Learning experiences have been altered to a digital platform and have deeply affected students' motivation and cognitive engagement. Forming strong social connections with friends and members of the community is another way to help ensure that developing brains are progressing. In some cases, the home environment may be negatively impacting the ability to complete work or achieve personal space. Taking some time away or setting boundaries around family may be crucial for growth.
The last aspect necessary for adolescents to sustain positive development consists of a daily structure. Staying active in recreational activities is a good way to ensure structure and can greatly benefit the other factors related to forming new bonds and getting physical exercise.Investigating High Rates of Suicidal Ideation in Individuals Who Stutter
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Graduate co-author: Emily Graham LeRose
This research was conducted to investigate the underlying etiological cause(s) and/or psychosocial contributions to suicidal ideation as highly self-reported among individuals with a developmental stutter.
A comprehensive literature review was completed to explore two of the hypothesized components thought to increase risk for suicidal ideation in this population; genetic heritability of suicidal ideation and the presence of co-morbid mental health disorders arising as a result of having a stutter (i.e., depression, anxiety, etc.). Additionally, an empirical review was completed for recommendations to improve overall outcomes in therapy for individuals who stutter.
Results from this investigation of the literature found the most empirical support for a connection between high rates of co-morbid mental health disorders and suicidal ideation in individuals who stutter. Additionally, a therapeutic approach titled "Attachment-Based Family Therapy" has been shown to be highly effective in treating individuals, particularly adolescents, who experience suicidal ideation and depression.Iridium (III) Complexes as Sensors for Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
Iridium (III) Complexes as Sensors for Cytochrome P450 EnzymesWayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Justin Ahrens
Graduate co-author: Maddy Denison
The main goal of this project is to use IrIII complexes to monitor cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity. CYP P450 metabolism determines how quickly drugs are excreted from the body and what kind of dose is required for pharmaceuticals to be effective.
Existing probes for CYPs are non-fluorescent, but when CYPs metabolize them, they are “turned on” and fluoresce. Even though these probes are able to monitor metabolism, once they are metabolized and “turned on” they cannot be reversed or turned off. Therefore, this is no current way to monitor dynamic changes in CYP activity continuously over time.
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2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Hanna Alfasih
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This document summarizes a presentation on how CRNAs can better help and understand their patients. It discusses several ways for CRNAs to improve patient care and understanding, such as understanding how the healthcare system works to help patients with affordable treatment options, staying updated on new technologies, learning to communicate collaboratively with anesthesiologists, and understanding patients' financial stresses. The presentation also reviews 6 articles on related topics and identifies some limitations in finding relevant sources. It concludes that sharing this information could help medical staff better understand and care for patients to reduce their emotional and physical stress.The Male and Female Gaze in Film Theory
2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Ma'ldah Sheikh
The male gaze is a point of view in literary and digital media. It is from the viewing pleasure and perspective of heterosexual men. This form of content is predominantly characterized by the objectification and sexualization of women and other minority groups. The female gaze is meant to oppose the male gaze in cinema, but there are many controversies pertaining to this within the film discourse community.
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WSU CAPS Resource: Mental Health Screening Utilization
WSU CAPS Resource: Mental Health Screening UtilizationWayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Vivian Truong
Young adults (18-25) have the highest prevalence (29.4%) of any mental illness and the lowest rate of receiving mental health services (38.9%; NIMH). WSU CAPS provides Wayne State students with an online mental health screening opportunity. The numbers of screenings were of interest for this project.
COVID-19 has been shown to negatively impact students’ social and academic engagement, as a result, screening usage during the pandemic was expected to increase. Additionally, the literature on gender and racial/ethnic disparities in mental health service utilization suggest that screening tools may be used less by men and underrepresented minorities. We also expected gender and racial disparities in use, despite the anonymity provided by online screening.
We examined screening use during the pandemic from 3/15/2020 to 6/15/2021 in comparison with pre-pandemic use from 3/15/2018 to 6/15/2019. It is found that the rate of screening is slightly elevated during the pandemic. Secondly, the rate of screening use among different demographic groups, specifically racial/ethnic groups, and gender groups during the fall of 2020 was explored. Of the 897 screenings that were completed, White completed more than 50% of them. Black students were less likely to be screened (12.2% versus 14.8%, p < .01), as were Hispanic students (3.3% versus 5%, p < .001).
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Are Health Awareness Months Dedicated to Urological Diseases Effective at Inc...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Shane Tinsley
Introduction: Disease-specific health awareness (HA) campaigns have rapidly developed as an important avenue to improve patient education and ideally outcomes. Our study objective was to understand the impact of urological HA months on engaging public search interests in the United States.
Methods: We utilized Google Trends to examine public health interest in urologic conditions during monthly awareness campaigns over a 17-year period (2004-2021). Relative Search Volume (RSV) during the annual HA campaign months relative to non-health awareness (NHA) campaign months was calculated. Differences between HA-RSV and NHA-RSV months were compared using t-test.
Results: Although small increases in public interest were noted for certain diseases (prostate cancer in November, testicular cancer in April and erectile dysfunction), there was interestingly a comparative decrease in RSV for other diseases (bladder cancer, prostate cancer in September, testicular cancer in November, kidney cancer, benign prostate hyperplasia and male infertility) in their respective HA months; however, none of these differences were statistically significant (p > 0.05).
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2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Avery Bacheller
My research abstract explains the importance of adolescent suicide by breaking down statistics, defining the discourse community, citing and explaining sources that help build a good argument for my thesis. All of these combined help me to spread awareness and information regarding adolescent suicide.Quality Matters: A Procedure for Valid and Reliable Hippocampal Subfield Segm...
Quality Matters: A Procedure for Valid and Reliable Hippocampal Subfield Segm...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Samaah Saifullah
Graduate co-author: Kelsey L. Canada
Automated hippocampal subfield segmentation methods have led to exponential growth in the literature. Although automated segmentation is perfectly reliable, deviations from anatomical definitions are common and weaken their validity.
To address the lack of guidance for quality control (QC) of automated segmentation methods, we developed a taxonomy of errors and two-step protocol for 1) identification and 2) manual correction. Raters examined segmentations from a customized atlas to identify errors in six categories with severity ratings; only major severity errors are manually corrected in order to minimize introducing human error.
The QC procedure was developed and cross-validated with an independent sample on two MRI scanners. Raters had excellent agreement in QC decisions between- and within-raters on all regions, manual corrections introduced less than 3% error and were unrelated to participant demographic.
The feasible and reliable QC procedure allows confident interpretation of hippocampal subfield segmentations, and potential applications to other brain regions.Identification of Novel Inhibitors Targeting KRAS-SOS1 Interactions by Struct...
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2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium: Neel Patel and Mariana Sierra
The Kristen Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) protein, encoded by the KRAS gene, is a signal transducer that plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation. KRAS mutations have been known to cause lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. Previously, KRAS was considered an “undruggable” target. However, with better understanding of the protein’s biology paired with advanced new technologies, the FDA approved the first KRAS inhibitor (sotorasib) for lung cancer patients with the KRASG12C mutation in 2021, expressing the recent interest of targeted drugs for KRAS.
In clinical trials, sotorasib proved ineffective for pancreatic and colorectal cancers with the G12C mutation. Irrespective of mutant identity, oncogenic KRAS requires activation by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1), highlighting an exploitable vulnerability with broad therapeutic applicability. The goal of this study is to develop novel pan-KRAS inhibitors by targeting the KRAS-SOS1 interactions through computational modeling. To start, we applied Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (GaMD) simulation, an advanced conformational sampling method, to collect the nature of the KRAS protein motion in solution. Then, the clustering analysis method was used to assemble KRAS conformational structures into ten groups for later virtual screening and docking simulations.
We aim to address 20 to 30 compounds to later be experimentally assessed for their (1) ability to disrupt the KRAS-SOS1 interactions and (2) cytotoxicity in KRAS mutation-bearing cell lines. The work will provide insights in the drug efficacy of KRAS inhibitors and give rise to a novel set of KRAS candidates to be used in clinical oncogenic treatments.More from Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (20)
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- 1. The Importance of Family Physicians in Rural Areas By: Taha Kader
- 2. Medical Care in Rural Areas • Rabinowitz et al. (1999) mentions how even though rural areas make up for more than 20% of the total U.S population, they “contain one of the largest medically underserved populations in the country,” having more Health Professional Shortage Areas than other areas (Section 1). • Rosenblatt and Hart (2000) discovered that “the growth of specialization is a major contributor to the geographic maldistribution of physicians,” more highly specialized physicians are less likely to settle in rural areas (Section 2).
- 3. Diversity of Rural Family Physicians • A study from Deutchman et al. (2021) found that in rural areas, family physicians often play a significant role or are the main providers of maternity care, performing “vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery, and VBAC” (Section 4). Family physicians were delivering newborns and providing maternity care at 124 of the 185 rural hospitals in this study. Furthermore, at 50 of these 124 hospitals they were the only physicians providing maternity care (Deutchman et al., 2021, Section 4). • In a study conducted by Bennet et al. (2021), they discovered 4345 emergency physicians that either had family physician training or were family physician board certified, and 21% worked in rural areas while the rest were in urban areas (Section 3). However, even though the population of rural family medicine emergency physicians(EP) is smaller than the population in urban areas, “the rural proportions presented here are higher than those of the overall EP population” (Bennet et al., 2021, Section 4).
- 4. Decreasing Amount of Family Physicians • The rural family physician population remains to be quite minimal compared to the rest of the nation as “only 9% of the nation's physicians practice in rural communities” while over 50 million individuals live in these communities (Rosenblatt & Hart, 2000, Paragraph 2). • Additionally, according to a report by Phillips et al. (2019) from the American Academy of Family Physicians(AAFP), the US can expect a deficit of around 52,000 family physicians by the year 2025 (Paragraph 2).
- 5. What has been Done? • To tackle this shortage in the rural areas in Pennsylvania, JMC established the PSAP. According to Rabinowitz et al. (1999), the PSAP broadened JMC’s admissions criteria to choose those based on their rural background and commitment to practice family medicine in rural areas, the program then trained these individuals to work in rural areas (Section 1). • The results of this program led to PSAP graduates representing 21% of all rural family physicians in Pennsylvania in 1997 while only representing 1% of all graduates from 7 different allopathic medical schools in Pennsylvania (Section 1) • A more recent article regarding PSAP supports its effectiveness at increasing the number of family physicians in rural areas. Garrison-Jakel (2010) discusses how PSAP graduates are 4 times more likely to practice family medicine than their peers and how 79% of these graduates remained in rural practices for over a decade after they had graduated (Paragraph 6) • Garrison-Jakel (2010) mentions how the Council on Graduate Medical Education(COGME) has told medical institutions to “pursue their social obligation to develop an adequate workforce”
- 6. What needs to be done? • Garrison-Jakel (2010) mentions how the Council on Graduate Medical Education(COGME) has told medical institutions to “pursue their social obligation to develop an adequate workforce” • Medical Schools need to be incentivized into tackling the rural family physician deficit. • A letter from the American Academy of Family Physicians to the Senate Finance Committee led to the Pathways to Practice Program, which aimed to broaden the physician workforce in rural communities.
- 7. References • AAFP. (2019, November 10). Strengthening the Workforce. AAFP Advocacy: Recent Family Medicine Wins. Retrieved March 27, 2022, from https://www.aafp.org/advocacy/wins.html • Bennet, C. L., Gerard, A. W., Cullen, J. S., Espinola, J. A., Sullivan, A. F., Clay, C. E., Camargo, C. A. (2021). National Study on the Contribution of Family Physicians to the US Emergency Physician Workforce in 2020. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM, 34(6), 1221–1228. https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2021.06.210166 • Deutchman M, Macaluso F, Bray E, Evans D, Boulger J, Quinn K, Pierce C, Onello E, Porter J, Warren W, Erickson JS, Bright P, Maness P, Luke S, James KA. (2021). The Impact of Family Physicians in Rural Maternity Care. Birth. https://doi- org.proxy.lib.wayne.edu/10.1111/birt.12591 • Garrison-Jakel, J. (2011). Patching the rural workforce pipeline--why don’t we do more? The Journal of Rural Health : Official Journal of the American Rural Health Association and 12 the National Rural Health Care Association, 27(2), 239–240. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00341.x • Phillips JP, Wendling A, Bentley A, Marsee R, Morley CP. Trends in US Medical School Contributions to the Family Physician Workforce: 2018 Update From the American Academy of Family Physicians. Fam Med. 2019;51(3):241-250. https://doi.org/10.22454/FamMed.2019.395617 • Rabinowitz, H. K., Diamond, J. J., Markham, F. W., & Hazelwood, C. E. (1999). A program to increase the number of family physicians in rural and underserved areas: impact after 22 years. JAMA, 281(3), 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.3.255 • Rosenblatt R. A. & Hart G. L. (2000). Culture and medicine: physicians and rural America. The Western journal of medicine (0093-0415), 173 (5), p. 348. https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih- gov.proxy.lib.wayne.edu/pmc/articles/PMC1071163/